linux/drivers/firewire/core-cdev.c

1759 lines
45 KiB

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies. percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is used as the basis of conversion. http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py The script does the followings. * Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used, gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h. * When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered - alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there doesn't seem to be any matching order. * If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the file. The conversion was done in the following steps. 1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400 files. 2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion, some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added inclusions to around 150 files. 3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits from #2 to make sure no file was left behind. 4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed. e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually. 5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as necessary. 6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h. 7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq). * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config. * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig * ia64 SMP allmodconfig * s390 SMP allmodconfig * alpha SMP allmodconfig * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig 8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as a separate patch and serve as bisection point. Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step 6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch. If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of the specific arch. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
2010-03-24 17:04:11 +09:00
firewire: cdev: improve FW_CDEV_IOC_ALLOCATE In both the ieee1394 stack and the firewire stack, the core treats kernelspace drivers better than userspace drivers when it comes to CSR address range allocation: The former may request a register to be placed automatically at a free spot anywhere inside a specified address range. The latter may only request a register at a fixed offset. Hence, userspace drivers which do not require a fixed offset potentially need to implement a retry loop with incremented offset in each retry until the kernel does not fail allocation with EBUSY. This awkward procedure is not fundamentally necessary as the core already provides a superior allocation API to kernelspace drivers. Therefore change the ioctl() ABI by addition of a region_end member in the existing struct fw_cdev_allocate. Userspace and kernelspace APIs work the same way now. There is a small cost to pay by clients though: If client source code is required to compile with older kernel headers too, then any use of the new member fw_cdev_allocate.region_end needs to be enclosed by #ifdef/#endif directives. However, any client program that seriously wants to use address range allocations will require a kernel of cdev ABI version >= 4 at runtime and a linux/firewire-cdev.h header of >= 4 anyway. This is because v4 brings FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST2. The only client program in which build-time compatibility with struct fw_cdev_allocate as found in older kernel headers makes sense is libraw1394. (libraw1394 uses the older broken FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST to implement a makeshift, incorrect transaction responder that does at least work somewhat in many simple scenarios, relying on guesswork by libraw1394 and by libraw1394 based applications. Plus, address range allocation and transaction responder is only one of many features that libraw1394 needs to provide, and these other features need to work with kernel and kernel-headers as old as possible. Any new linux/firewire-cdev.h based client that implements a transaction responder should never attempt to do it like libraw1394; instead it should make a header and kernel of v4 or later a hard requirement.) While we are at it, update the struct fw_cdev_allocate documentation to better reflect the recent fw_cdev_event_request2 ABI addition. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-23 13:05:39 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix responses to nodes at different card My box has two firewire cards in it: card0 and card1. My application opens /dev/fw0 (card 0) and allocates an address space. The core makes the address space available on both cards. Along comes the remote device, which sends a READ_QUADLET_REQUEST to card1. The request gets passed up to my application, which calls ioctl_send_response(). ioctl_send_response() then calls fw_send_response() with card0, because that's the card it's bound to. Card0's driver drops the response, because it isn't part of a transaction that it has outstanding. So in core-cdev: handle_request(), we need to stash the card of the inbound request in the struct inbound_transaction_resource and use that card to send the response to. The hard part will be refcounting the card correctly so it can't get deallocated while we hold a pointer to it. Here's a trivial patch, which does not do the card refcounting, but at least demonstrates what the problem is. Note that we can't depend on the fact that the core-cdev:client structure holds a card open, because in this case the card it holds open is not the card the request came in on. ..and there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which will dereference the card... So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card open forever? Signed-off-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Reference counting to be addressed in a separate change. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de> (whitespace)
2010-05-18 14:02:45 -04:00
firewire: cdev: fix ABI for FCP and address range mapping, add fw_cdev_event_request2 The problem: A target-like userspace driver, e.g. AV/C target or SBP-2/3 target, needs to be able to act as responder and requester. In the latter role, it needs to send requests to nods from which it received requests. This is currently impossible because fw_cdev_event_request lacks information about sender node ID. Reported-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Libffado + libraw1394 + firewire-core is currently unable to drive two or more audio devices on the same bus. Reported-by: Arnold Krille <arnold@arnoldarts.de> This is because libffado requires destination node ID of FCP requests and sender node ID of FCP responses to match. It even prohibits libffado from working with a bus on which libraw1394 opens a /dev/fw* as default ioctl device that does not correspond with the audio device. This is because libraw1394 does not receive the sender node ID from the kernel. Moreover, fw_cdev_event_request makes it impossible to tell unicast and broadcast write requests apart. The fix: Add a replacement of struct fw_cdev_event_request request, boringly called struct fw_cdev_event_request2. The new event will be sent to a userspace client instead of the old one if the client claims compatibility with <linux/firewire-cdev.h> ABI version 4 or later. libraw1394 needs to be extended to make use of the new event, in order to properly support libffado and other FCP or address range mapping users who require correct sender node IDs. Further notes: While we are at it, change back the range of possible values of fw_cdev_event_request.tcode to 0x0...0xb like in ABI version <= 3. The preceding change "firewire: expose extended tcode of incoming lock requests to (userspace) drivers" expanded it to 0x0...0x17 which could catch sloppily coded clients by surprise. The extended range of codes is only used in the new fw_cdev_event_request2.tcode. Jay and I also suggested an alternative approach to fix the ABI for incoming requests: Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_GET_REQUEST_INFO ioctl which can be called after reception of an fw_cdev_event_request, before issuing of the closing FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_RESPONSE ioctl. The new ioctl would reveal the vital information about a request that fw_cdev_event_request lacks. Jay showed an implementation of this approach. The former event approach adds 27 LOC of rather trivial code to core-cdev.c, the ioctl approach 34 LOC, some of which is nontrivial. The ioctl approach would certainly also add more LOC to userspace programs which require the expanded information on inbound requests. This approach is probably only on the lighter-weight side in case of clients that want to be compatible with kernels that lack the new capability, like libraw1394. However, the code to be added to such libraw1394-like clients in case of the event approach is a straight- forward additional switch () case in its event handler. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:53:55 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix responses to nodes at different card My box has two firewire cards in it: card0 and card1. My application opens /dev/fw0 (card 0) and allocates an address space. The core makes the address space available on both cards. Along comes the remote device, which sends a READ_QUADLET_REQUEST to card1. The request gets passed up to my application, which calls ioctl_send_response(). ioctl_send_response() then calls fw_send_response() with card0, because that's the card it's bound to. Card0's driver drops the response, because it isn't part of a transaction that it has outstanding. So in core-cdev: handle_request(), we need to stash the card of the inbound request in the struct inbound_transaction_resource and use that card to send the response to. The hard part will be refcounting the card correctly so it can't get deallocated while we hold a pointer to it. Here's a trivial patch, which does not do the card refcounting, but at least demonstrates what the problem is. Note that we can't depend on the fact that the core-cdev:client structure holds a card open, because in this case the card it holds open is not the card the request came in on. ..and there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which will dereference the card... So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card open forever? Signed-off-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Reference counting to be addressed in a separate change. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de> (whitespace)
2010-05-18 14:02:45 -04:00
firewire: cdev: count references of cards during inbound transactions If a request comes in to an address range managed by a userspace driver i.e. <linux/firewire-cdev.h> client, the card instance of request and response may differ from the card instance of the client device. Therefore we need to take a reference of the card until the response was sent. I thought about putting the reference counting into core-transaction.c, but the various high-level drivers besides cdev clients (firewire-net, firewire-sbp2, firedtv) use the card pointer in their fw_address_handler address_callback method only to look up devices of which they already hold the necessary references. So this seems to be a specific firewire-cdev issue which is better addressed locally. We do not need the reference - in case of FCP_REQUEST or FCP_RESPONSE requests because then the firewire-core will send the split transaction response for us already in the context of the request handler, - if it is the same card as the client device's because we hold a card reference indirectly via teh client->device reference. To keep things simple, we take the reference nevertheless. Jay Fenlason wrote: > there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, > kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction > open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, > very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which > will dereference the card... > > So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card > open forever? While termination of inbound transcations at card removal could be implemented, it is IMO not worth the effort. Currently, the effect of holding a reference of a card that has been removed is to block the process that called the pci_remove of the card. This is - either a user process ran by root. Root can find and kill processes that have /dev/fw* open, if desired. - a kernel thread (which one?) in case of hot removal of a PCCard or ExpressCard. The latter case could be a problem indeed. firewire-core's card shutdown and card release should probably be improved not to block in shutdown, just to defer freeing of memory until release. This is not a new problem though; the same already always happens with the client->device->card without the need of inbound transactions or other special conditions involved, other than the client not closing the file. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:52:27 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix ABI for FCP and address range mapping, add fw_cdev_event_request2 The problem: A target-like userspace driver, e.g. AV/C target or SBP-2/3 target, needs to be able to act as responder and requester. In the latter role, it needs to send requests to nods from which it received requests. This is currently impossible because fw_cdev_event_request lacks information about sender node ID. Reported-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Libffado + libraw1394 + firewire-core is currently unable to drive two or more audio devices on the same bus. Reported-by: Arnold Krille <arnold@arnoldarts.de> This is because libffado requires destination node ID of FCP requests and sender node ID of FCP responses to match. It even prohibits libffado from working with a bus on which libraw1394 opens a /dev/fw* as default ioctl device that does not correspond with the audio device. This is because libraw1394 does not receive the sender node ID from the kernel. Moreover, fw_cdev_event_request makes it impossible to tell unicast and broadcast write requests apart. The fix: Add a replacement of struct fw_cdev_event_request request, boringly called struct fw_cdev_event_request2. The new event will be sent to a userspace client instead of the old one if the client claims compatibility with <linux/firewire-cdev.h> ABI version 4 or later. libraw1394 needs to be extended to make use of the new event, in order to properly support libffado and other FCP or address range mapping users who require correct sender node IDs. Further notes: While we are at it, change back the range of possible values of fw_cdev_event_request.tcode to 0x0...0xb like in ABI version <= 3. The preceding change "firewire: expose extended tcode of incoming lock requests to (userspace) drivers" expanded it to 0x0...0x17 which could catch sloppily coded clients by surprise. The extended range of codes is only used in the new fw_cdev_event_request2.tcode. Jay and I also suggested an alternative approach to fix the ABI for incoming requests: Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_GET_REQUEST_INFO ioctl which can be called after reception of an fw_cdev_event_request, before issuing of the closing FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_RESPONSE ioctl. The new ioctl would reveal the vital information about a request that fw_cdev_event_request lacks. Jay showed an implementation of this approach. The former event approach adds 27 LOC of rather trivial code to core-cdev.c, the ioctl approach 34 LOC, some of which is nontrivial. The ioctl approach would certainly also add more LOC to userspace programs which require the expanded information on inbound requests. This approach is probably only on the lighter-weight side in case of clients that want to be compatible with kernels that lack the new capability, like libraw1394. However, the code to be added to such libraw1394-like clients in case of the event approach is a straight- forward additional switch () case in its event handler. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:53:55 +02:00
firewire: cdev: count references of cards during inbound transactions If a request comes in to an address range managed by a userspace driver i.e. <linux/firewire-cdev.h> client, the card instance of request and response may differ from the card instance of the client device. Therefore we need to take a reference of the card until the response was sent. I thought about putting the reference counting into core-transaction.c, but the various high-level drivers besides cdev clients (firewire-net, firewire-sbp2, firedtv) use the card pointer in their fw_address_handler address_callback method only to look up devices of which they already hold the necessary references. So this seems to be a specific firewire-cdev issue which is better addressed locally. We do not need the reference - in case of FCP_REQUEST or FCP_RESPONSE requests because then the firewire-core will send the split transaction response for us already in the context of the request handler, - if it is the same card as the client device's because we hold a card reference indirectly via teh client->device reference. To keep things simple, we take the reference nevertheless. Jay Fenlason wrote: > there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, > kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction > open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, > very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which > will dereference the card... > > So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card > open forever? While termination of inbound transcations at card removal could be implemented, it is IMO not worth the effort. Currently, the effect of holding a reference of a card that has been removed is to block the process that called the pci_remove of the card. This is - either a user process ran by root. Root can find and kill processes that have /dev/fw* open, if desired. - a kernel thread (which one?) in case of hot removal of a PCCard or ExpressCard. The latter case could be a problem indeed. firewire-core's card shutdown and card release should probably be improved not to block in shutdown, just to defer freeing of memory until release. This is not a new problem though; the same already always happens with the client->device->card without the need of inbound transactions or other special conditions involved, other than the client not closing the file. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:52:27 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix responses to nodes at different card My box has two firewire cards in it: card0 and card1. My application opens /dev/fw0 (card 0) and allocates an address space. The core makes the address space available on both cards. Along comes the remote device, which sends a READ_QUADLET_REQUEST to card1. The request gets passed up to my application, which calls ioctl_send_response(). ioctl_send_response() then calls fw_send_response() with card0, because that's the card it's bound to. Card0's driver drops the response, because it isn't part of a transaction that it has outstanding. So in core-cdev: handle_request(), we need to stash the card of the inbound request in the struct inbound_transaction_resource and use that card to send the response to. The hard part will be refcounting the card correctly so it can't get deallocated while we hold a pointer to it. Here's a trivial patch, which does not do the card refcounting, but at least demonstrates what the problem is. Note that we can't depend on the fact that the core-cdev:client structure holds a card open, because in this case the card it holds open is not the card the request came in on. ..and there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which will dereference the card... So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card open forever? Signed-off-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Reference counting to be addressed in a separate change. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de> (whitespace)
2010-05-18 14:02:45 -04:00
firewire: cdev: fix ABI for FCP and address range mapping, add fw_cdev_event_request2 The problem: A target-like userspace driver, e.g. AV/C target or SBP-2/3 target, needs to be able to act as responder and requester. In the latter role, it needs to send requests to nods from which it received requests. This is currently impossible because fw_cdev_event_request lacks information about sender node ID. Reported-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Libffado + libraw1394 + firewire-core is currently unable to drive two or more audio devices on the same bus. Reported-by: Arnold Krille <arnold@arnoldarts.de> This is because libffado requires destination node ID of FCP requests and sender node ID of FCP responses to match. It even prohibits libffado from working with a bus on which libraw1394 opens a /dev/fw* as default ioctl device that does not correspond with the audio device. This is because libraw1394 does not receive the sender node ID from the kernel. Moreover, fw_cdev_event_request makes it impossible to tell unicast and broadcast write requests apart. The fix: Add a replacement of struct fw_cdev_event_request request, boringly called struct fw_cdev_event_request2. The new event will be sent to a userspace client instead of the old one if the client claims compatibility with <linux/firewire-cdev.h> ABI version 4 or later. libraw1394 needs to be extended to make use of the new event, in order to properly support libffado and other FCP or address range mapping users who require correct sender node IDs. Further notes: While we are at it, change back the range of possible values of fw_cdev_event_request.tcode to 0x0...0xb like in ABI version <= 3. The preceding change "firewire: expose extended tcode of incoming lock requests to (userspace) drivers" expanded it to 0x0...0x17 which could catch sloppily coded clients by surprise. The extended range of codes is only used in the new fw_cdev_event_request2.tcode. Jay and I also suggested an alternative approach to fix the ABI for incoming requests: Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_GET_REQUEST_INFO ioctl which can be called after reception of an fw_cdev_event_request, before issuing of the closing FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_RESPONSE ioctl. The new ioctl would reveal the vital information about a request that fw_cdev_event_request lacks. Jay showed an implementation of this approach. The former event approach adds 27 LOC of rather trivial code to core-cdev.c, the ioctl approach 34 LOC, some of which is nontrivial. The ioctl approach would certainly also add more LOC to userspace programs which require the expanded information on inbound requests. This approach is probably only on the lighter-weight side in case of clients that want to be compatible with kernels that lack the new capability, like libraw1394. However, the code to be added to such libraw1394-like clients in case of the event approach is a straight- forward additional switch () case in its event handler. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:53:55 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix ABI for FCP and address range mapping, add fw_cdev_event_request2 The problem: A target-like userspace driver, e.g. AV/C target or SBP-2/3 target, needs to be able to act as responder and requester. In the latter role, it needs to send requests to nods from which it received requests. This is currently impossible because fw_cdev_event_request lacks information about sender node ID. Reported-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Libffado + libraw1394 + firewire-core is currently unable to drive two or more audio devices on the same bus. Reported-by: Arnold Krille <arnold@arnoldarts.de> This is because libffado requires destination node ID of FCP requests and sender node ID of FCP responses to match. It even prohibits libffado from working with a bus on which libraw1394 opens a /dev/fw* as default ioctl device that does not correspond with the audio device. This is because libraw1394 does not receive the sender node ID from the kernel. Moreover, fw_cdev_event_request makes it impossible to tell unicast and broadcast write requests apart. The fix: Add a replacement of struct fw_cdev_event_request request, boringly called struct fw_cdev_event_request2. The new event will be sent to a userspace client instead of the old one if the client claims compatibility with <linux/firewire-cdev.h> ABI version 4 or later. libraw1394 needs to be extended to make use of the new event, in order to properly support libffado and other FCP or address range mapping users who require correct sender node IDs. Further notes: While we are at it, change back the range of possible values of fw_cdev_event_request.tcode to 0x0...0xb like in ABI version <= 3. The preceding change "firewire: expose extended tcode of incoming lock requests to (userspace) drivers" expanded it to 0x0...0x17 which could catch sloppily coded clients by surprise. The extended range of codes is only used in the new fw_cdev_event_request2.tcode. Jay and I also suggested an alternative approach to fix the ABI for incoming requests: Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_GET_REQUEST_INFO ioctl which can be called after reception of an fw_cdev_event_request, before issuing of the closing FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_RESPONSE ioctl. The new ioctl would reveal the vital information about a request that fw_cdev_event_request lacks. Jay showed an implementation of this approach. The former event approach adds 27 LOC of rather trivial code to core-cdev.c, the ioctl approach 34 LOC, some of which is nontrivial. The ioctl approach would certainly also add more LOC to userspace programs which require the expanded information on inbound requests. This approach is probably only on the lighter-weight side in case of clients that want to be compatible with kernels that lack the new capability, like libraw1394. However, the code to be added to such libraw1394-like clients in case of the event approach is a straight- forward additional switch () case in its event handler. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:53:55 +02:00
firewire: cdev: count references of cards during inbound transactions If a request comes in to an address range managed by a userspace driver i.e. <linux/firewire-cdev.h> client, the card instance of request and response may differ from the card instance of the client device. Therefore we need to take a reference of the card until the response was sent. I thought about putting the reference counting into core-transaction.c, but the various high-level drivers besides cdev clients (firewire-net, firewire-sbp2, firedtv) use the card pointer in their fw_address_handler address_callback method only to look up devices of which they already hold the necessary references. So this seems to be a specific firewire-cdev issue which is better addressed locally. We do not need the reference - in case of FCP_REQUEST or FCP_RESPONSE requests because then the firewire-core will send the split transaction response for us already in the context of the request handler, - if it is the same card as the client device's because we hold a card reference indirectly via teh client->device reference. To keep things simple, we take the reference nevertheless. Jay Fenlason wrote: > there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, > kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction > open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, > very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which > will dereference the card... > > So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card > open forever? While termination of inbound transcations at card removal could be implemented, it is IMO not worth the effort. Currently, the effect of holding a reference of a card that has been removed is to block the process that called the pci_remove of the card. This is - either a user process ran by root. Root can find and kill processes that have /dev/fw* open, if desired. - a kernel thread (which one?) in case of hot removal of a PCCard or ExpressCard. The latter case could be a problem indeed. firewire-core's card shutdown and card release should probably be improved not to block in shutdown, just to defer freeing of memory until release. This is not a new problem though; the same already always happens with the client->device->card without the need of inbound transactions or other special conditions involved, other than the client not closing the file. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:52:27 +02:00
firewire: cdev: improve FW_CDEV_IOC_ALLOCATE In both the ieee1394 stack and the firewire stack, the core treats kernelspace drivers better than userspace drivers when it comes to CSR address range allocation: The former may request a register to be placed automatically at a free spot anywhere inside a specified address range. The latter may only request a register at a fixed offset. Hence, userspace drivers which do not require a fixed offset potentially need to implement a retry loop with incremented offset in each retry until the kernel does not fail allocation with EBUSY. This awkward procedure is not fundamentally necessary as the core already provides a superior allocation API to kernelspace drivers. Therefore change the ioctl() ABI by addition of a region_end member in the existing struct fw_cdev_allocate. Userspace and kernelspace APIs work the same way now. There is a small cost to pay by clients though: If client source code is required to compile with older kernel headers too, then any use of the new member fw_cdev_allocate.region_end needs to be enclosed by #ifdef/#endif directives. However, any client program that seriously wants to use address range allocations will require a kernel of cdev ABI version >= 4 at runtime and a linux/firewire-cdev.h header of >= 4 anyway. This is because v4 brings FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST2. The only client program in which build-time compatibility with struct fw_cdev_allocate as found in older kernel headers makes sense is libraw1394. (libraw1394 uses the older broken FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST to implement a makeshift, incorrect transaction responder that does at least work somewhat in many simple scenarios, relying on guesswork by libraw1394 and by libraw1394 based applications. Plus, address range allocation and transaction responder is only one of many features that libraw1394 needs to provide, and these other features need to work with kernel and kernel-headers as old as possible. Any new linux/firewire-cdev.h based client that implements a transaction responder should never attempt to do it like libraw1394; instead it should make a header and kernel of v4 or later a hard requirement.) While we are at it, update the struct fw_cdev_allocate documentation to better reflect the recent fw_cdev_event_request2 ABI addition. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-23 13:05:39 +02:00
firewire: cdev: improve FW_CDEV_IOC_ALLOCATE In both the ieee1394 stack and the firewire stack, the core treats kernelspace drivers better than userspace drivers when it comes to CSR address range allocation: The former may request a register to be placed automatically at a free spot anywhere inside a specified address range. The latter may only request a register at a fixed offset. Hence, userspace drivers which do not require a fixed offset potentially need to implement a retry loop with incremented offset in each retry until the kernel does not fail allocation with EBUSY. This awkward procedure is not fundamentally necessary as the core already provides a superior allocation API to kernelspace drivers. Therefore change the ioctl() ABI by addition of a region_end member in the existing struct fw_cdev_allocate. Userspace and kernelspace APIs work the same way now. There is a small cost to pay by clients though: If client source code is required to compile with older kernel headers too, then any use of the new member fw_cdev_allocate.region_end needs to be enclosed by #ifdef/#endif directives. However, any client program that seriously wants to use address range allocations will require a kernel of cdev ABI version >= 4 at runtime and a linux/firewire-cdev.h header of >= 4 anyway. This is because v4 brings FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST2. The only client program in which build-time compatibility with struct fw_cdev_allocate as found in older kernel headers makes sense is libraw1394. (libraw1394 uses the older broken FW_CDEV_EVENT_REQUEST to implement a makeshift, incorrect transaction responder that does at least work somewhat in many simple scenarios, relying on guesswork by libraw1394 and by libraw1394 based applications. Plus, address range allocation and transaction responder is only one of many features that libraw1394 needs to provide, and these other features need to work with kernel and kernel-headers as old as possible. Any new linux/firewire-cdev.h based client that implements a transaction responder should never attempt to do it like libraw1394; instead it should make a header and kernel of v4 or later a hard requirement.) While we are at it, update the struct fw_cdev_allocate documentation to better reflect the recent fw_cdev_event_request2 ABI addition. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-23 13:05:39 +02:00
firewire: cdev: fix responses to nodes at different card My box has two firewire cards in it: card0 and card1. My application opens /dev/fw0 (card 0) and allocates an address space. The core makes the address space available on both cards. Along comes the remote device, which sends a READ_QUADLET_REQUEST to card1. The request gets passed up to my application, which calls ioctl_send_response(). ioctl_send_response() then calls fw_send_response() with card0, because that's the card it's bound to. Card0's driver drops the response, because it isn't part of a transaction that it has outstanding. So in core-cdev: handle_request(), we need to stash the card of the inbound request in the struct inbound_transaction_resource and use that card to send the response to. The hard part will be refcounting the card correctly so it can't get deallocated while we hold a pointer to it. Here's a trivial patch, which does not do the card refcounting, but at least demonstrates what the problem is. Note that we can't depend on the fact that the core-cdev:client structure holds a card open, because in this case the card it holds open is not the card the request came in on. ..and there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which will dereference the card... So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card open forever? Signed-off-by: Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com> Reference counting to be addressed in a separate change. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de> (whitespace)
2010-05-18 14:02:45 -04:00
firewire: cdev: count references of cards during inbound transactions If a request comes in to an address range managed by a userspace driver i.e. <linux/firewire-cdev.h> client, the card instance of request and response may differ from the card instance of the client device. Therefore we need to take a reference of the card until the response was sent. I thought about putting the reference counting into core-transaction.c, but the various high-level drivers besides cdev clients (firewire-net, firewire-sbp2, firedtv) use the card pointer in their fw_address_handler address_callback method only to look up devices of which they already hold the necessary references. So this seems to be a specific firewire-cdev issue which is better addressed locally. We do not need the reference - in case of FCP_REQUEST or FCP_RESPONSE requests because then the firewire-core will send the split transaction response for us already in the context of the request handler, - if it is the same card as the client device's because we hold a card reference indirectly via teh client->device reference. To keep things simple, we take the reference nevertheless. Jay Fenlason wrote: > there's no way for the core to tell cdev "this card is gone, > kill any inbound transactions on it", while cdev holds the transaction > open until userspace issues a SEND_RESPONSE ioctl, which may be a very, > very long time. But when it does, it calls fw_send_response(), which > will dereference the card... > > So how unhappy are we about userspace potentially holding a fw_card > open forever? While termination of inbound transcations at card removal could be implemented, it is IMO not worth the effort. Currently, the effect of holding a reference of a card that has been removed is to block the process that called the pci_remove of the card. This is - either a user process ran by root. Root can find and kill processes that have /dev/fw* open, if desired. - a kernel thread (which one?) in case of hot removal of a PCCard or ExpressCard. The latter case could be a problem indeed. firewire-core's card shutdown and card release should probably be improved not to block in shutdown, just to defer freeing of memory until release. This is not a new problem though; the same already always happens with the client->device->card without the need of inbound transactions or other special conditions involved, other than the client not closing the file. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-06-20 22:52:27 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00
firewire: cdev: add PHY packet transmission Add an FW_CDEV_IOC_SEND_PHY_PACKET ioctl() for /dev/fw* which can be used to implement bus management related functionality in userspace. This is also half of the functionality (the transmit part) that is needed to support a userspace implementation of a VersaPHY transaction layer. Safety considerations: - PHY packets are generally broadcasts and may have interesting effects on PHYs and the bus, e.g. make asynchronous arbitration impossible due to too low gap count. Hence some kind of elevated privileges should be required of a process to be able to send PHY packets. This implementation assumes that a process that is allowed to open the /dev/fw* of a local node does have this privilege. There was an inconclusive discussion about introducing POSIX capabilities as a means to check for user privileges for these kinds of operations. - The kernel does not check integrity of the supplied packet data. That would be far too much code, considering the many kinds of PHY packets. A process which got the privilege to send these packets is trusted to do it correctly. Just like with the other "send packet" ioctls, a non-blocking API is chosen; i.e. the ioctl may return even before AT DMA started. After transmission, an event for poll()/read() is enqueued. Most users are going to need a blocking API, but a blocking userspace wrapper is easy to implement, and the second of the two existing libraw1394 calls raw1394_phy_packet_write() and raw1394_start_phy_packet_write() can be better supported that way. Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
2010-07-16 22:25:14 +02:00