linux/fs/nfs/dir.c

2563 lines
65 KiB

NFS: Share NFS superblocks per-protocol per-server per-FSID The attached patch makes NFS share superblocks between mounts from the same server and FSID over the same protocol. It does this by creating each superblock with a false root and returning the real root dentry in the vfsmount presented by get_sb(). The root dentry set starts off as an anonymous dentry if we don't already have the dentry for its inode, otherwise it simply returns the dentry we already have. We may thus end up with several trees of dentries in the superblock, and if at some later point one of anonymous tree roots is discovered by normal filesystem activity to be located in another tree within the superblock, the anonymous root is named and materialises attached to the second tree at the appropriate point. Why do it this way? Why not pass an extra argument to the mount() syscall to indicate the subpath and then pathwalk from the server root to the desired directory? You can't guarantee this will work for two reasons: (1) The root and intervening nodes may not be accessible to the client. With NFS2 and NFS3, for instance, mountd is called on the server to get the filehandle for the tip of a path. mountd won't give us handles for anything we don't have permission to access, and so we can't set up NFS inodes for such nodes, and so can't easily set up dentries (we'd have to have ghost inodes or something). With this patch we don't actually create dentries until we get handles from the server that we can use to set up their inodes, and we don't actually bind them into the tree until we know for sure where they go. (2) Inaccessible symbolic links. If we're asked to mount two exports from the server, eg: mount warthog:/warthog/aaa/xxx /mmm mount warthog:/warthog/bbb/yyy /nnn We may not be able to access anything nearer the root than xxx and yyy, but we may find out later that /mmm/www/yyy, say, is actually the same directory as the one mounted on /nnn. What we might then find out, for example, is that /warthog/bbb was actually a symbolic link to /warthog/aaa/xxx/www, but we can't actually determine that by talking to the server until /warthog is made available by NFS. This would lead to having constructed an errneous dentry tree which we can't easily fix. We can end up with a dentry marked as a directory when it should actually be a symlink, or we could end up with an apparently hardlinked directory. With this patch we need not make assumptions about the type of a dentry for which we can't retrieve information, nor need we assume we know its place in the grand scheme of things until we actually see that place. This patch reduces the possibility of aliasing in the inode and page caches for inodes that may be accessed by more than one NFS export. It also reduces the number of superblocks required for NFS where there are many NFS exports being used from a server (home directory server + autofs for example). This in turn makes it simpler to do local caching of network filesystems, as it can then be guaranteed that there won't be links from multiple inodes in separate superblocks to the same cache file. Obviously, cache aliasing between different levels of NFS protocol could still be a problem, but at least that gives us another key to use when indexing the cache. This patch makes the following changes: (1) The server record construction/destruction has been abstracted out into its own set of functions to make things easier to get right. These have been moved into fs/nfs/client.c. All the code in fs/nfs/client.c has to do with the management of connections to servers, and doesn't touch superblocks in any way; the remaining code in fs/nfs/super.c has to do with VFS superblock management. (2) The sequence of events undertaken by NFS mount is now reordered: (a) A volume representation (struct nfs_server) is allocated. (b) A server representation (struct nfs_client) is acquired. This may be allocated or shared, and is keyed on server address, port and NFS version. (c) If allocated, the client representation is initialised. The state member variable of nfs_client is used to prevent a race during initialisation from two mounts. (d) For NFS4 a simple pathwalk is performed, walking from FH to FH to find the root filehandle for the mount (fs/nfs/getroot.c). For NFS2/3 we are given the root FH in advance. (e) The volume FSID is probed for on the root FH. (f) The volume representation is initialised from the FSINFO record retrieved on the root FH. (g) sget() is called to acquire a superblock. This may be allocated or shared, keyed on client pointer and FSID. (h) If allocated, the superblock is initialised. (i) If the superblock is shared, then the new nfs_server record is discarded. (j) The root dentry for this mount is looked up from the root FH. (k) The root dentry for this mount is assigned to the vfsmount. (3) nfs_readdir_lookup() creates dentries for each of the entries readdir() returns; this function now attaches disconnected trees from alternate roots that happen to be discovered attached to a directory being read (in the same way nfs_lookup() is made to do for lookup ops). The new d_materialise_unique() function is now used to do this, thus permitting the whole thing to be done under one set of locks, and thus avoiding any race between mount and lookup operations on the same directory. (4) The client management code uses a new debug facility: NFSDBG_CLIENT which is set by echoing 1024 to /proc/net/sunrpc/nfs_debug. (5) Clone mounts are now called xdev mounts. (6) Use the dentry passed to the statfs() op as the handle for retrieving fs statistics rather than the root dentry of the superblock (which is now a dummy). Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
2006-08-22 20:06:13 -04:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
mm, fs: get rid of PAGE_CACHE_* and page_cache_{get,release} macros PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} macros were introduced *long* time ago with promise that one day it will be possible to implement page cache with bigger chunks than PAGE_SIZE. This promise never materialized. And unlikely will. We have many places where PAGE_CACHE_SIZE assumed to be equal to PAGE_SIZE. And it's constant source of confusion on whether PAGE_CACHE_* or PAGE_* constant should be used in a particular case, especially on the border between fs and mm. Global switching to PAGE_CACHE_SIZE != PAGE_SIZE would cause to much breakage to be doable. Let's stop pretending that pages in page cache are special. They are not. The changes are pretty straight-forward: - <foo> << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>; - <foo> >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>; - PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} -> PAGE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN}; - page_cache_get() -> get_page(); - page_cache_release() -> put_page(); This patch contains automated changes generated with coccinelle using script below. For some reason, coccinelle doesn't patch header files. I've called spatch for them manually. The only adjustment after coccinelle is revert of changes to PAGE_CAHCE_ALIGN definition: we are going to drop it later. There are few places in the code where coccinelle didn't reach. I'll fix them manually in a separate patch. Comments and documentation also will be addressed with the separate patch. virtual patch @@ expression E; @@ - E << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) + E @@ expression E; @@ - E >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) + E @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT + PAGE_SHIFT @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_SIZE + PAGE_SIZE @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_MASK + PAGE_MASK @@ expression E; @@ - PAGE_CACHE_ALIGN(E) + PAGE_ALIGN(E) @@ expression E; @@ - page_cache_get(E) + get_page(E) @@ expression E; @@ - page_cache_release(E) + put_page(E) Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-04-01 15:29:47 +03:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: switch back to to ->iterate() NFS has some optimizations for readdir to choose between using READDIR or READDIRPLUS based on workload, and which NFS operation to use is determined by subsequent interactions with lookup, d_revalidate, and getattr. Concurrent use of nfs_readdir() via ->iterate_shared() can cause those optimizations to repeatedly invalidate the pagecache used to store directory entries during readdir(), which causes some very bad performance for directories with many entries (more than about 10000). There's a couple ways to fix this in NFS, but no fix would be as simple as going back to ->iterate() to serialize nfs_readdir(), and neither fix I tested performed as well as going back to ->iterate(). The first required taking the directory's i_lock for each entry, with the result of terrible contention. The second way adds another flag to the nfs_inode, and so keeps the optimizations working for large directories. The difference from using ->iterate() here is that much more memory is consumed for a given workload without any performance gain. The workings of nfs_readdir() are such that concurrent users are serialized within read_cache_page() waiting to retrieve pages of entries from the server. By serializing this work in iterate_dir() instead, contention for cache pages is reduced. Waiting processes can have an uncontended pass at the entirety of the directory's pagecache once previous processes have completed filling it. v2 - Keep the bits needed for parallel lookup Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2017-03-10 17:07:46 -05:00
NFS: only invalidate dentrys that are clearly invalid. Since commit bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") in v3.18, a return of '0' from ->d_revalidate() will cause the dentry to be invalidated even if it has filesystems mounted on or it or on a descendant. The mounted filesystem is unmounted. This means we need to be careful not to return 0 unless the directory referred to truly is invalid. So -ESTALE or -ENOENT should invalidate the directory. Other errors such a -EPERM or -ERESTARTSYS should be returned from ->d_revalidate() so they are propagated to the caller. A particular problem can be demonstrated by: 1/ mount an NFS filesystem using NFSv3 on /mnt 2/ mount any other filesystem on /mnt/foo 3/ ls /mnt/foo 4/ turn off network, or otherwise make the server unable to respond 5/ ls /mnt/foo & 6/ cat /proc/$!/stack # note that nfs_lookup_revalidate is in the call stack 7/ kill -9 $! # this results in -ERESTARTSYS being returned 8/ observe that /mnt/foo has been unmounted. This patch changes nfs_lookup_revalidate() to only treat -ESTALE from nfs_lookup_verify_inode() and -ESTALE or -ENOENT from ->lookup() as indicating an invalid inode. Other errors are returned. Also nfs_check_inode_attributes() is changed to return -ESTALE rather than -EIO. This is consistent with the error returned in similar circumstances from nfs_update_inode(). As this bug allows any user to unmount a filesystem mounted on an NFS filesystem, this fix is suitable for stable kernels. Fixes: bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org (v3.18+) Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
2017-07-05 12:22:20 +10:00
NFS: only invalidate dentrys that are clearly invalid. Since commit bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") in v3.18, a return of '0' from ->d_revalidate() will cause the dentry to be invalidated even if it has filesystems mounted on or it or on a descendant. The mounted filesystem is unmounted. This means we need to be careful not to return 0 unless the directory referred to truly is invalid. So -ESTALE or -ENOENT should invalidate the directory. Other errors such a -EPERM or -ERESTARTSYS should be returned from ->d_revalidate() so they are propagated to the caller. A particular problem can be demonstrated by: 1/ mount an NFS filesystem using NFSv3 on /mnt 2/ mount any other filesystem on /mnt/foo 3/ ls /mnt/foo 4/ turn off network, or otherwise make the server unable to respond 5/ ls /mnt/foo & 6/ cat /proc/$!/stack # note that nfs_lookup_revalidate is in the call stack 7/ kill -9 $! # this results in -ERESTARTSYS being returned 8/ observe that /mnt/foo has been unmounted. This patch changes nfs_lookup_revalidate() to only treat -ESTALE from nfs_lookup_verify_inode() and -ESTALE or -ENOENT from ->lookup() as indicating an invalid inode. Other errors are returned. Also nfs_check_inode_attributes() is changed to return -ESTALE rather than -EIO. This is consistent with the error returned in similar circumstances from nfs_update_inode(). As this bug allows any user to unmount a filesystem mounted on an NFS filesystem, this fix is suitable for stable kernels. Fixes: bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org (v3.18+) Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
2017-07-05 12:22:20 +10:00
NFS: only invalidate dentrys that are clearly invalid. Since commit bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") in v3.18, a return of '0' from ->d_revalidate() will cause the dentry to be invalidated even if it has filesystems mounted on or it or on a descendant. The mounted filesystem is unmounted. This means we need to be careful not to return 0 unless the directory referred to truly is invalid. So -ESTALE or -ENOENT should invalidate the directory. Other errors such a -EPERM or -ERESTARTSYS should be returned from ->d_revalidate() so they are propagated to the caller. A particular problem can be demonstrated by: 1/ mount an NFS filesystem using NFSv3 on /mnt 2/ mount any other filesystem on /mnt/foo 3/ ls /mnt/foo 4/ turn off network, or otherwise make the server unable to respond 5/ ls /mnt/foo & 6/ cat /proc/$!/stack # note that nfs_lookup_revalidate is in the call stack 7/ kill -9 $! # this results in -ERESTARTSYS being returned 8/ observe that /mnt/foo has been unmounted. This patch changes nfs_lookup_revalidate() to only treat -ESTALE from nfs_lookup_verify_inode() and -ESTALE or -ENOENT from ->lookup() as indicating an invalid inode. Other errors are returned. Also nfs_check_inode_attributes() is changed to return -ESTALE rather than -EIO. This is consistent with the error returned in similar circumstances from nfs_update_inode(). As this bug allows any user to unmount a filesystem mounted on an NFS filesystem, this fix is suitable for stable kernels. Fixes: bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org (v3.18+) Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
2017-07-05 12:22:20 +10:00
NFS: only invalidate dentrys that are clearly invalid. Since commit bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") in v3.18, a return of '0' from ->d_revalidate() will cause the dentry to be invalidated even if it has filesystems mounted on or it or on a descendant. The mounted filesystem is unmounted. This means we need to be careful not to return 0 unless the directory referred to truly is invalid. So -ESTALE or -ENOENT should invalidate the directory. Other errors such a -EPERM or -ERESTARTSYS should be returned from ->d_revalidate() so they are propagated to the caller. A particular problem can be demonstrated by: 1/ mount an NFS filesystem using NFSv3 on /mnt 2/ mount any other filesystem on /mnt/foo 3/ ls /mnt/foo 4/ turn off network, or otherwise make the server unable to respond 5/ ls /mnt/foo & 6/ cat /proc/$!/stack # note that nfs_lookup_revalidate is in the call stack 7/ kill -9 $! # this results in -ERESTARTSYS being returned 8/ observe that /mnt/foo has been unmounted. This patch changes nfs_lookup_revalidate() to only treat -ESTALE from nfs_lookup_verify_inode() and -ESTALE or -ENOENT from ->lookup() as indicating an invalid inode. Other errors are returned. Also nfs_check_inode_attributes() is changed to return -ESTALE rather than -EIO. This is consistent with the error returned in similar circumstances from nfs_update_inode(). As this bug allows any user to unmount a filesystem mounted on an NFS filesystem, this fix is suitable for stable kernels. Fixes: bafc9b754f75 ("vfs: More precise tests in d_invalidate") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org (v3.18+) Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
2017-07-05 12:22:20 +10:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
NFS: Fix calls to drop_nlink() It is almost always wrong for NFS to call drop_nlink() after removing a file. What we really want is to mark the inode's attributes for revalidation, and we want to ensure that the VFS drops it if we're reasonably sure that this is the final unlink(). Do the former using the usual cache validity flags, and the latter by testing if inode->i_nlink == 1, and clearing it in that case. This also fixes the following warning reported by Neil Brown and Jeff Layton (among others). [634155.004438] WARNING: at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/kernel-desktop-3.5.0/lin [634155.004442] Hardware name: Latitude E6510 [634155.004577] crc_itu_t crc32c_intel snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcor [634155.004609] Pid: 13402, comm: bash Tainted: G W 3.5.0-36-desktop # [634155.004611] Call Trace: [634155.004630] [<ffffffff8100444a>] dump_trace+0xaa/0x2b0 [634155.004641] [<ffffffff815a23dc>] dump_stack+0x69/0x6f [634155.004653] [<ffffffff81041a0b>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7b/0xc0 [634155.004662] [<ffffffff811832e4>] drop_nlink+0x34/0x40 [634155.004687] [<ffffffffa05bb6c3>] nfs_dentry_iput+0x33/0x70 [nfs] [634155.004714] [<ffffffff8118049e>] dput+0x12e/0x230 [634155.004726] [<ffffffff8116b230>] __fput+0x170/0x230 [634155.004735] [<ffffffff81167c0f>] filp_close+0x5f/0x90 [634155.004743] [<ffffffff81167cd7>] sys_close+0x97/0x100 [634155.004754] [<ffffffff815c3b39>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [634155.004767] [<00007f2a73a0d110>] 0x7f2a73a0d10f Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [3.3+]
2012-12-14 16:38:46 -05:00
NFS: Fix calls to drop_nlink() It is almost always wrong for NFS to call drop_nlink() after removing a file. What we really want is to mark the inode's attributes for revalidation, and we want to ensure that the VFS drops it if we're reasonably sure that this is the final unlink(). Do the former using the usual cache validity flags, and the latter by testing if inode->i_nlink == 1, and clearing it in that case. This also fixes the following warning reported by Neil Brown and Jeff Layton (among others). [634155.004438] WARNING: at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/kernel-desktop-3.5.0/lin [634155.004442] Hardware name: Latitude E6510 [634155.004577] crc_itu_t crc32c_intel snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcor [634155.004609] Pid: 13402, comm: bash Tainted: G W 3.5.0-36-desktop # [634155.004611] Call Trace: [634155.004630] [<ffffffff8100444a>] dump_trace+0xaa/0x2b0 [634155.004641] [<ffffffff815a23dc>] dump_stack+0x69/0x6f [634155.004653] [<ffffffff81041a0b>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7b/0xc0 [634155.004662] [<ffffffff811832e4>] drop_nlink+0x34/0x40 [634155.004687] [<ffffffffa05bb6c3>] nfs_dentry_iput+0x33/0x70 [nfs] [634155.004714] [<ffffffff8118049e>] dput+0x12e/0x230 [634155.004726] [<ffffffff8116b230>] __fput+0x170/0x230 [634155.004735] [<ffffffff81167c0f>] filp_close+0x5f/0x90 [634155.004743] [<ffffffff81167cd7>] sys_close+0x97/0x100 [634155.004754] [<ffffffff815c3b39>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [634155.004767] [<00007f2a73a0d110>] 0x7f2a73a0d10f Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [3.3+]
2012-12-14 16:38:46 -05:00
NFS: Fix directory caching problem - with test case and patch. Try running this script in an NFS mounted directory (Client relatively recent - 2.6.18 has the problem as does 2.6.20). ------------------------------------------------------ #!/bin/bash # # This script will produce the following errormessage from tar: # # tar: newdir/innerdir/innerfile: file changed as we read it # create dirs rm -rf nfstest mkdir -p nfstest/dir/innerdir # create files (should not be empty) echo "Hello World!" >nfstest/dir/file echo "Hello World!" >nfstest/dir/innerdir/innerfile # problem only happens if we sleep before chmod sleep 1 # change file modes chmod -R a+r nfstest # rename dir mv nfstest/dir nfstest/newdir # tar it tar -cf nfstest/nfstest.tar -C nfstest newdir # restore old dir name mv nfstest/newdir nfstest/dir -------------------------------------------------------- What happens: The 'chmod -R' does a readdir_plus in each directory and the results get cached in the page cache. It then updates the ctime on each file by one second. When this happens, the post-op attributes are used to update the ctime stored on the client to match the value in the kernel. The 'mv' calls shrink_dcache_parent on the directory tree which flushes all the dentries (so a new lookup will be required) but doesn't flush the inodes or pagecache. The 'tar' does a readdir on each directory, but (in the case of 'innerdir' at least) satisfies it from the pagecache and uses the READDIRPLUS data to update all the inodes. In the case of 'innerdir/innerfile', the ctime is out of date. 'tar' then calls 'lstat' on innerdir/innerfile getting an old ctime. It then opens the file (triggering a GETATTR), reads the content, and then calls fstat to see if anything has changed. It finds that ctime has changed and so complains. The problem seems to be that the cache readdirplus info is kept around for too long. My patch below discards pagecache data for directories when dentry_iput is called on them. This effectively removes the symptom which convinces me that I correctly understand the problem. However I'm not convinced that is a proper solution, as there could easily be other races that trigger the same problem without being affected by this 'fix'. One possibility would be to require that readdirplus pagecache data be only used *once* to instantiate an inode. Somehow it should then be invalidated so that if the dentry subsequently disappears, it will cause a new request to the server to fill in the stat data. Another possibility is to compare the cache_change_attribute on the inode with something similar for the readdirplus info and reject the info from readdirplus if it is too old. I haven't tried to implement these and would value other opinions before I do. Thanks, NeilBrown Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
2007-02-26 12:48:25 +11:00
NFS: Fix calls to drop_nlink() It is almost always wrong for NFS to call drop_nlink() after removing a file. What we really want is to mark the inode's attributes for revalidation, and we want to ensure that the VFS drops it if we're reasonably sure that this is the final unlink(). Do the former using the usual cache validity flags, and the latter by testing if inode->i_nlink == 1, and clearing it in that case. This also fixes the following warning reported by Neil Brown and Jeff Layton (among others). [634155.004438] WARNING: at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/kernel-desktop-3.5.0/lin [634155.004442] Hardware name: Latitude E6510 [634155.004577] crc_itu_t crc32c_intel snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcor [634155.004609] Pid: 13402, comm: bash Tainted: G W 3.5.0-36-desktop # [634155.004611] Call Trace: [634155.004630] [<ffffffff8100444a>] dump_trace+0xaa/0x2b0 [634155.004641] [<ffffffff815a23dc>] dump_stack+0x69/0x6f [634155.004653] [<ffffffff81041a0b>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7b/0xc0 [634155.004662] [<ffffffff811832e4>] drop_nlink+0x34/0x40 [634155.004687] [<ffffffffa05bb6c3>] nfs_dentry_iput+0x33/0x70 [nfs] [634155.004714] [<ffffffff8118049e>] dput+0x12e/0x230 [634155.004726] [<ffffffff8116b230>] __fput+0x170/0x230 [634155.004735] [<ffffffff81167c0f>] filp_close+0x5f/0x90 [634155.004743] [<ffffffff81167cd7>] sys_close+0x97/0x100 [634155.004754] [<ffffffff815c3b39>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [634155.004767] [<00007f2a73a0d110>] 0x7f2a73a0d10f Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [3.3+]
2012-12-14 16:38:46 -05:00
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op The following set of operations on a NFS client and server will cause server# mkdir a client# cd a server# mv a a.bak client# sleep 30 # (or whatever the dir attrcache timeout is) client# stat . stat: cannot stat `.': Stale NFS file handle Obviously, we should not be getting an ESTALE error back there since the inode still exists on the server. The problem is that the lookup code will call d_revalidate on the dentry that "." refers to, because NFS has FS_REVAL_DOT set. nfs_lookup_revalidate will see that the parent directory has changed and will try to reverify the dentry by redoing a LOOKUP. That of course fails, so the lookup code returns ESTALE. The problem here is that d_revalidate is really a bad fit for this case. What we really want to know at this point is whether the inode is still good or not, but we don't really care what name it goes by or whether the dcache is still valid. Add a new d_op->d_weak_revalidate operation and have complete_walk call that instead of d_revalidate. The intent there is to allow for a "weaker" d_revalidate that just checks to see whether the inode is still good. This is also gives us an opportunity to kill off the FS_REVAL_DOT special casing. [AV: changed method name, added note in porting, fixed confusion re having it possibly called from RCU mode (it won't be)] Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-20 11:19:05 -05:00
NFS: Share NFS superblocks per-protocol per-server per-FSID The attached patch makes NFS share superblocks between mounts from the same server and FSID over the same protocol. It does this by creating each superblock with a false root and returning the real root dentry in the vfsmount presented by get_sb(). The root dentry set starts off as an anonymous dentry if we don't already have the dentry for its inode, otherwise it simply returns the dentry we already have. We may thus end up with several trees of dentries in the superblock, and if at some later point one of anonymous tree roots is discovered by normal filesystem activity to be located in another tree within the superblock, the anonymous root is named and materialises attached to the second tree at the appropriate point. Why do it this way? Why not pass an extra argument to the mount() syscall to indicate the subpath and then pathwalk from the server root to the desired directory? You can't guarantee this will work for two reasons: (1) The root and intervening nodes may not be accessible to the client. With NFS2 and NFS3, for instance, mountd is called on the server to get the filehandle for the tip of a path. mountd won't give us handles for anything we don't have permission to access, and so we can't set up NFS inodes for such nodes, and so can't easily set up dentries (we'd have to have ghost inodes or something). With this patch we don't actually create dentries until we get handles from the server that we can use to set up their inodes, and we don't actually bind them into the tree until we know for sure where they go. (2) Inaccessible symbolic links. If we're asked to mount two exports from the server, eg: mount warthog:/warthog/aaa/xxx /mmm mount warthog:/warthog/bbb/yyy /nnn We may not be able to access anything nearer the root than xxx and yyy, but we may find out later that /mmm/www/yyy, say, is actually the same directory as the one mounted on /nnn. What we might then find out, for example, is that /warthog/bbb was actually a symbolic link to /warthog/aaa/xxx/www, but we can't actually determine that by talking to the server until /warthog is made available by NFS. This would lead to having constructed an errneous dentry tree which we can't easily fix. We can end up with a dentry marked as a directory when it should actually be a symlink, or we could end up with an apparently hardlinked directory. With this patch we need not make assumptions about the type of a dentry for which we can't retrieve information, nor need we assume we know its place in the grand scheme of things until we actually see that place. This patch reduces the possibility of aliasing in the inode and page caches for inodes that may be accessed by more than one NFS export. It also reduces the number of superblocks required for NFS where there are many NFS exports being used from a server (home directory server + autofs for example). This in turn makes it simpler to do local caching of network filesystems, as it can then be guaranteed that there won't be links from multiple inodes in separate superblocks to the same cache file. Obviously, cache aliasing between different levels of NFS protocol could still be a problem, but at least that gives us another key to use when indexing the cache. This patch makes the following changes: (1) The server record construction/destruction has been abstracted out into its own set of functions to make things easier to get right. These have been moved into fs/nfs/client.c. All the code in fs/nfs/client.c has to do with the management of connections to servers, and doesn't touch superblocks in any way; the remaining code in fs/nfs/super.c has to do with VFS superblock management. (2) The sequence of events undertaken by NFS mount is now reordered: (a) A volume representation (struct nfs_server) is allocated. (b) A server representation (struct nfs_client) is acquired. This may be allocated or shared, and is keyed on server address, port and NFS version. (c) If allocated, the client representation is initialised. The state member variable of nfs_client is used to prevent a race during initialisation from two mounts. (d) For NFS4 a simple pathwalk is performed, walking from FH to FH to find the root filehandle for the mount (fs/nfs/getroot.c). For NFS2/3 we are given the root FH in advance. (e) The volume FSID is probed for on the root FH. (f) The volume representation is initialised from the FSINFO record retrieved on the root FH. (g) sget() is called to acquire a superblock. This may be allocated or shared, keyed on client pointer and FSID. (h) If allocated, the superblock is initialised. (i) If the superblock is shared, then the new nfs_server record is discarded. (j) The root dentry for this mount is looked up from the root FH. (k) The root dentry for this mount is assigned to the vfsmount. (3) nfs_readdir_lookup() creates dentries for each of the entries readdir() returns; this function now attaches disconnected trees from alternate roots that happen to be discovered attached to a directory being read (in the same way nfs_lookup() is made to do for lookup ops). The new d_materialise_unique() function is now used to do this, thus permitting the whole thing to be done under one set of locks, and thus avoiding any race between mount and lookup operations on the same directory. (4) The client management code uses a new debug facility: NFSDBG_CLIENT which is set by echoing 1024 to /proc/net/sunrpc/nfs_debug. (5) Clone mounts are now called xdev mounts. (6) Use the dentry passed to the statfs() op as the handle for retrieving fs statistics rather than the root dentry of the superblock (which is now a dummy). Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
2006-08-22 20:06:13 -04:00
2016-10-13 15:26:47 +11:00
2016-10-13 15:26:47 +11:00
NFS: Use i_writecount to control whether to get an fscache cookie in nfs_open() Use i_writecount to control whether to get an fscache cookie in nfs_open() as NFS does not do write caching yet. I *think* this is the cause of a problem encountered by Mark Moseley whereby __fscache_uncache_page() gets a NULL pointer dereference because cookie->def is NULL: BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000010 IP: [<ffffffff812a1903>] __fscache_uncache_page+0x23/0x160 PGD 0 Thread overran stack, or stack corrupted Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP Modules linked in: ... CPU: 7 PID: 18993 Comm: php Not tainted 3.11.1 #1 Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R420/072XWF, BIOS 1.3.5 08/21/2012 task: ffff8804203460c0 ti: ffff880420346640 RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff812a1903>] __fscache_uncache_page+0x23/0x160 RSP: 0018:ffff8801053af878 EFLAGS: 00210286 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff8800be2f8780 RCX: ffff88022ffae5e8 RDX: 0000000000004c66 RSI: ffffea00055ff440 RDI: ffff8800be2f8780 RBP: ffff8801053af898 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000003 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffea00055ff440 R13: 0000000000001000 R14: ffff8800c50be538 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88042fc60000(0063) knlGS:00000000e439c700 CS: 0010 DS: 002b ES: 002b CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000000010 CR3: 0000000001d8f000 CR4: 00000000000607f0 Stack: ... Call Trace: [<ffffffff81365a72>] __nfs_fscache_invalidate_page+0x42/0x70 [<ffffffff813553d5>] nfs_invalidate_page+0x75/0x90 [<ffffffff811b8f5e>] truncate_inode_page+0x8e/0x90 [<ffffffff811b90ad>] truncate_inode_pages_range.part.12+0x14d/0x620 [<ffffffff81d6387d>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x1fd/0x2e0 [<ffffffff811b95d3>] truncate_inode_pages_range+0x53/0x70 [<ffffffff811b969d>] truncate_inode_pages+0x2d/0x40 [<ffffffff811b96ff>] truncate_pagecache+0x4f/0x70 [<ffffffff81356840>] nfs_setattr_update_inode+0xa0/0x120 [<ffffffff81368de4>] nfs3_proc_setattr+0xc4/0xe0 [<ffffffff81357f78>] nfs_setattr+0xc8/0x150 [<ffffffff8122d95b>] notify_change+0x1cb/0x390 [<ffffffff8120a55b>] do_truncate+0x7b/0xc0 [<ffffffff8121f96c>] do_last+0xa4c/0xfd0 [<ffffffff8121ffbc>] path_openat+0xcc/0x670 [<ffffffff81220a0e>] do_filp_open+0x4e/0xb0 [<ffffffff8120ba1f>] do_sys_open+0x13f/0x2b0 [<ffffffff8126aaf6>] compat_SyS_open+0x36/0x50 [<ffffffff81d7204c>] sysenter_dispatch+0x7/0x24 The code at the instruction pointer was disassembled: > (gdb) disas __fscache_uncache_page > Dump of assembler code for function __fscache_uncache_page: > ... > 0xffffffff812a18ff <+31>: mov 0x48(%rbx),%rax > 0xffffffff812a1903 <+35>: cmpb $0x0,0x10(%rax) > 0xffffffff812a1907 <+39>: je 0xffffffff812a19cd <__fscache_uncache_page+237> These instructions make up: ASSERTCMP(cookie->def->type, !=, FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX); That cmpb is the faulting instruction (%rax is 0). So cookie->def is NULL - which presumably means that the cookie has already been at least partway through __fscache_relinquish_cookie(). What I think may be happening is something like a three-way race on the same file: PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2 PROCESS 3 =============== =============== =============== open(O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY) open(O_RDONLY) open(O_WRONLY) -->nfs_open() -->nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() nfs_fscache_inode_lock() nfs_fscache_disable_inode_cookie() __fscache_relinquish_cookie() nfs_inode->fscache = NULL <--nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() -->nfs_open() -->nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() nfs_fscache_inode_lock() nfs_fscache_enable_inode_cookie() __fscache_acquire_cookie() nfs_inode->fscache = cookie <--nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() <--nfs_open() -->nfs_setattr() ... ... -->nfs_invalidate_page() -->__nfs_fscache_invalidate_page() cookie = nfsi->fscache -->nfs_open() -->nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() nfs_fscache_inode_lock() nfs_fscache_disable_inode_cookie() -->__fscache_relinquish_cookie() -->__fscache_uncache_page(cookie) <crash> <--__fscache_relinquish_cookie() nfs_inode->fscache = NULL <--nfs_fscache_set_inode_cookie() What is needed is something to prevent process #2 from reacquiring the cookie - and I think checking i_writecount should do the trick. It's also possible to have a two-way race on this if the file is opened O_TRUNC|O_RDONLY instead. Reported-by: Mark Moseley <moseleymark@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2013-09-27 11:20:03 +01:00
2016-10-13 15:26:47 +11:00
mm, fs: get rid of PAGE_CACHE_* and page_cache_{get,release} macros PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} macros were introduced *long* time ago with promise that one day it will be possible to implement page cache with bigger chunks than PAGE_SIZE. This promise never materialized. And unlikely will. We have many places where PAGE_CACHE_SIZE assumed to be equal to PAGE_SIZE. And it's constant source of confusion on whether PAGE_CACHE_* or PAGE_* constant should be used in a particular case, especially on the border between fs and mm. Global switching to PAGE_CACHE_SIZE != PAGE_SIZE would cause to much breakage to be doable. Let's stop pretending that pages in page cache are special. They are not. The changes are pretty straight-forward: - <foo> << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>; - <foo> >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>; - PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} -> PAGE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN}; - page_cache_get() -> get_page(); - page_cache_release() -> put_page(); This patch contains automated changes generated with coccinelle using script below. For some reason, coccinelle doesn't patch header files. I've called spatch for them manually. The only adjustment after coccinelle is revert of changes to PAGE_CAHCE_ALIGN definition: we are going to drop it later. There are few places in the code where coccinelle didn't reach. I'll fix them manually in a separate patch. Comments and documentation also will be addressed with the separate patch. virtual patch @@ expression E; @@ - E << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) + E @@ expression E; @@ - E >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) + E @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT + PAGE_SHIFT @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_SIZE + PAGE_SIZE @@ @@ - PAGE_CACHE_MASK + PAGE_MASK @@ expression E; @@ - PAGE_CACHE_ALIGN(E) + PAGE_ALIGN(E) @@ expression E; @@ - page_cache_get(E) + get_page(E) @@ expression E; @@ - page_cache_release(E) + put_page(E) Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-04-01 15:29:47 +03:00
fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API Convert the filesystem shrinkers to use the new API, and standardise some of the behaviours of the shrinkers at the same time. For example, nr_to_scan means the number of objects to scan, not the number of objects to free. I refactored the CIFS idmap shrinker a little - it really needs to be broken up into a shrinker per tree and keep an item count with the tree root so that we don't need to walk the tree every time the shrinker needs to count the number of objects in the tree (i.e. all the time under memory pressure). [glommer@openvz.org: fixes for ext4, ubifs, nfs, cifs and glock. Fixes are needed mainly due to new code merged in the tree] [assorted fixes folded in] Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-08-28 10:18:09 +10:00
fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API Convert the filesystem shrinkers to use the new API, and standardise some of the behaviours of the shrinkers at the same time. For example, nr_to_scan means the number of objects to scan, not the number of objects to free. I refactored the CIFS idmap shrinker a little - it really needs to be broken up into a shrinker per tree and keep an item count with the tree root so that we don't need to walk the tree every time the shrinker needs to count the number of objects in the tree (i.e. all the time under memory pressure). [glommer@openvz.org: fixes for ext4, ubifs, nfs, cifs and glock. Fixes are needed mainly due to new code merged in the tree] [assorted fixes folded in] Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-08-28 10:18:09 +10:00
fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API Convert the filesystem shrinkers to use the new API, and standardise some of the behaviours of the shrinkers at the same time. For example, nr_to_scan means the number of objects to scan, not the number of objects to free. I refactored the CIFS idmap shrinker a little - it really needs to be broken up into a shrinker per tree and keep an item count with the tree root so that we don't need to walk the tree every time the shrinker needs to count the number of objects in the tree (i.e. all the time under memory pressure). [glommer@openvz.org: fixes for ext4, ubifs, nfs, cifs and glock. Fixes are needed mainly due to new code merged in the tree] [assorted fixes folded in] Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-08-28 10:18:09 +10:00
fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API Convert the filesystem shrinkers to use the new API, and standardise some of the behaviours of the shrinkers at the same time. For example, nr_to_scan means the number of objects to scan, not the number of objects to free. I refactored the CIFS idmap shrinker a little - it really needs to be broken up into a shrinker per tree and keep an item count with the tree root so that we don't need to walk the tree every time the shrinker needs to count the number of objects in the tree (i.e. all the time under memory pressure). [glommer@openvz.org: fixes for ext4, ubifs, nfs, cifs and glock. Fixes are needed mainly due to new code merged in the tree] [assorted fixes folded in] Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-08-28 10:18:09 +10:00
super: fix calculation of shrinkable objects for small numbers The sysctl knob sysctl_vfs_cache_pressure is used to determine which percentage of the shrinkable objects in our cache we should actively try to shrink. It works great in situations in which we have many objects (at least more than 100), because the aproximation errors will be negligible. But if this is not the case, specially when total_objects < 100, we may end up concluding that we have no objects at all (total / 100 = 0, if total < 100). This is certainly not the biggest killer in the world, but may matter in very low kernel memory situations. Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@openvz.org> Reviewed-by: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com> Cc: Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@android.com> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-08-28 10:17:53 +10:00
NFS: Handle -ESTALE error in access() Hi Trond, I have been looking at a bugreport where trying to open applications on KDE on a NFS mounted home fails temporarily. There have been multiple reports on different kernel versions pointing to this common issue: http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12557 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/269954 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=508866.html This issue can be reproducible consistently by doing this on a NFS mounted home (KDE): 1. Open 2 xterm sessions 2. From one of the xterm session, do "ssh -X <remote host>" 3. "stat ~/.Xauthority" on the remote SSH session 4. Close the two xterm sessions 5. On the server do a "stat ~/.Xauthority" 6. Now on the client, try to open xterm This will fail. Even if the filehandle had become stale, the NFS client should invalidate the cache/inode and should repeat LOOKUP. Looking at the packet capture when the failure occurs shows that there were two subsequent ACCESS() calls with the same filehandle and both fails with -ESTALE error. I have tested the fix below. Now the client issue a LOOKUP after the ACCESS() call fails with -ESTALE. If all this makes sense to you, can you consider this for inclusion? Thanks, If the server returns an -ESTALE error due to stale filehandle in response to an ACCESS() call, we need to invalidate the cache and inode so that LOOKUP() can be retried. Without this change, the nfs client retries ACCESS() with the same filehandle, fails again and could lead to temporary failure of applications running on nfs mounted home. Signed-off-by: Suresh Jayaraman <sjayaraman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
2009-03-10 20:33:21 -04:00
NFS: Handle -ESTALE error in access() Hi Trond, I have been looking at a bugreport where trying to open applications on KDE on a NFS mounted home fails temporarily. There have been multiple reports on different kernel versions pointing to this common issue: http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12557 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/269954 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=508866.html This issue can be reproducible consistently by doing this on a NFS mounted home (KDE): 1. Open 2 xterm sessions 2. From one of the xterm session, do "ssh -X <remote host>" 3. "stat ~/.Xauthority" on the remote SSH session 4. Close the two xterm sessions 5. On the server do a "stat ~/.Xauthority" 6. Now on the client, try to open xterm This will fail. Even if the filehandle had become stale, the NFS client should invalidate the cache/inode and should repeat LOOKUP. Looking at the packet capture when the failure occurs shows that there were two subsequent ACCESS() calls with the same filehandle and both fails with -ESTALE error. I have tested the fix below. Now the client issue a LOOKUP after the ACCESS() call fails with -ESTALE. If all this makes sense to you, can you consider this for inclusion? Thanks, If the server returns an -ESTALE error due to stale filehandle in response to an ACCESS() call, we need to invalidate the cache and inode so that LOOKUP() can be retried. Without this change, the nfs client retries ACCESS() with the same filehandle, fails again and could lead to temporary failure of applications running on nfs mounted home. Signed-off-by: Suresh Jayaraman <sjayaraman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
2009-03-10 20:33:21 -04:00
NFSv4: Don't perform cached access checks before we've OPENed the file Donald Buczek reports that a nfs4 client incorrectly denies execute access based on outdated file mode (missing 'x' bit). After the mode on the server is 'fixed' (chmod +x) further execution attempts continue to fail, because the nfs ACCESS call updates the access parameter but not the mode parameter or the mode in the inode. The root cause is ultimately that the VFS is calling may_open() before the NFS client has a chance to OPEN the file and hence revalidate the access and attribute caches. Al Viro suggests: >>> Make nfs_permission() relax the checks when it sees MAY_OPEN, if you know >>> that things will be caught by server anyway? >> >> That can work as long as we're guaranteed that everything that calls >> inode_permission() with MAY_OPEN on a regular file will also follow up >> with a vfs_open() or dentry_open() on success. Is this always the >> case? > > 1) in do_tmpfile(), followed by do_dentry_open() (not reachable by NFS since > it doesn't have ->tmpfile() instance anyway) > > 2) in atomic_open(), after the call of ->atomic_open() has succeeded. > > 3) in do_last(), followed on success by vfs_open() > > That's all. All calls of inode_permission() that get MAY_OPEN come from > may_open(), and there's no other callers of that puppy. Reported-by: Donald Buczek <buczek@molgen.mpg.de> Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=109771 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1451046656-26319-1-git-send-email-buczek@molgen.mpg.de Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
2015-12-26 21:54:58 -05:00