linux

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2017-11-01 15:07:57 +01:00

UIO: Hilscher CIF card driver this is a patch that adds support for Hilscher CIF DeviceNet and Profibus cards. I tested it on a Kontron CPX board, and Thomas reviewed it. You can find the user space part here: http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/cif-0.1.0.tar.gz Notes: cif_api.c is the main file you want to look at. It contains the functions to open, close, mmap and so on. cif_dps.c adds functions specific to Profibus cards, and cif_dn.c contains functions for DeviceNet cards. cif.c is a universal playground, it's just a small test program. The user space part of this UIO driver is still work in progress, and not everything is tested yet. At the moment, the thread in cif_api.c contains some code that artificially makes the card generate interrupts, this was added for testing and will be removed later. But the driver already contains all the functions needed for useful operation, so it gives a good idea of how such a thing looks like. For comparison, here's what you get from the manufacturer (www.hilscher.com) when you ask for a Linux 2.6 driver: http://www.tglx.de/private/hjk/cif-orig-2.6.tar.bz2 WARNING: Don't look at the code for too long, you might become sick :-) Signed-off-by: Hans-Jürgen Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2007-03-02 13:03:12 +01:00

UIO: generic irq handling for some uio platform devices This is V3 of uio_pdrv_genirq.c, a platform driver for UIO with generic IRQ handling code. This driver is very similar to the regular UIO platform driver, but is only suitable for devices that are connected to the interrupt controller using unique interrupt lines. The uio_pdrv_genirq driver includes generic interrupt handling code which disables the serviced interrupt in the interrupt controller and makes the user space driver responsible for acknowledging the interrupt in the device and reenabling the interrupt in the interrupt controller. Shared interrupts are not supported since the in-kernel interrupt handler will disable the interrupt line in the interrupt controller, and in a shared interrupt configuration this will stop other devices from delivering interrupts. Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2008-07-11 18:55:27 +09:00

Add new uio device for dynamic memory allocation This device extends the uio_pdrv_genirq driver to provide limited dynamic memory allocation for UIO devices. This allows UIO devices to use CMA and IOMMU allocated memory regions. This driver is based on the uio_pdrv_genirq driver and provides the same generic interrupt handling capabilities. Like uio_prdv_genirq, a fixed number of memory regions, defined in the platform device's .resources field are exported to userpace. This driver adds the ability to export additional regions whose number and size are known at boot time, but whose memory is not allocated until the uio device file is opened for the first time. When the device file is closed, the allocated memory block is freed. Physical (DMA) addresses for the dynamic regions are provided to the userspace via /sys/class/uio/uioX/maps/mapY/addr in the same way as static addresses are when the uio device file is open, when no processes are holding the device file open, the address returned to userspace is DMA_ERROR_CODE. Signed-off-by: Damian Hobson-Garcia <dhobsong@igel.co.jp> Signed-off-by: "Hans J. Koch" <hjk@hansjkoch.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2012-09-25 15:09:11 +09:00

uio: add the uio_aec driver UIO driver for the Adrienne Electronics Corporation PCI time code device. This device differs from other UIO devices since it uses I/O ports instead of memory mapped I/O. In order to make it possible for UIO to work with this device a utility, uioport, can be used to read and write the ports. uioport is designed to be a setuid program and checks the permissions of the /dev/uio* node and if the user has write permissions it will use iopl and out*/in* to access the device. [1] git clone git://ifup.org/philips/uioport.git Signed-off-by: Brandon Philips <brandon@ifup.org> Signed-off-by: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2009-01-27 13:00:04 -08:00

UIO: add automata sercos3 pci card support Here is a new version of the patch to support the Automata Sercos III PCI card driver. I now check that the IRQ is enabled before accepting the interrupt. I still use a logical OR to store the enabled interrupts and I've added a second use of a logical OR when restoring the enabled interrupts. I added an explanation of why I do this in comments at the top of the source file. Since I use a logical OR, I also removed the extra checks if the Interrupt Enable Register and ier0_cache are 0. Signed-off-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2008-09-18 11:57:15 +02:00

uio: add generic driver for PCI 2.3 devices This adds a generic uio driver that can bind to any PCI device. First user will be virtualization where a qemu userspace process needs to give guest OS access to the device. Interrupts are handled using the Interrupt Disable bit in the PCI command register and Interrupt Status bit in the PCI status register. All devices compliant to PCI 2.3 (circa 2002) and all compliant PCI Express devices should support these bits. Driver detects this support, and won't bind to devices which do not support the Interrupt Disable Bit in the command register. It's expected that more features of interest to virtualization will be added to this driver in the future. Possibilities are: mmap for device resources, MSI/MSI-X, eventfd (to interface with kvm), iommu. Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Acked-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Acked-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2009-07-20 10:29:34 +03:00

UIO: Add a driver for Hilscher netX-based fieldbus cards This patch adds a Userspace IO driver for netX-based fieldbus cards by Hilscher (see http://www.hilscher.com). ATM, cifX and comX cards are supported. The userspace part for this driver is provided by Hilscher and should come with the card. The driver is in use for several months now and has been tested by people at Hilscher and Linutronix. Signed-off-by: Hans J. Koch <hjk@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

2010-02-09 20:13:49 +01:00

drivers: uio: Add driver for Humusoft MF624 DAQ PCI card Signed-off-by: Rostislav Lisovy <lisovy@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2013-08-30 14:58:02 +02:00

uio: uio_fsl_elbc_gpcm: new driver This driver provides UIO access to memory of a peripheral connected to the Freescale enhanced local bus controller (eLBC) interface using the general purpose chip-select mode (GPCM). Signed-off-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2014-12-09 17:43:10 +01:00

uio-hv-generic: new userspace i/o driver for VMBus This is a new driver to enable userspace networking on VMBus. It is based largely on the similar driver that already exists for PCI, and earlier work done by Brocade to support DPDK. Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <sthemmin@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: K. Y. Srinivasan <kys@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2016-12-03 12:34:40 -08:00

uio: uio_dfl: add userspace i/o driver for DFL bus This patch supports the DFL drivers be written in userspace. This is realized by exposing the userspace I/O device interfaces. The driver now only binds the ether group feature, which has no irq. So the irq support is not implemented yet. Reviewed-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@intel.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1615168776-8553-2-git-send-email-yilun.xu@intel.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2021-03-08 09:59:35 +08:00

uio: Add SVA support for PCI devices via uio_pci_generic_sva.c This patch introduces a new UIO driver, uio_pci_generic_sva, which extends the functionality of uio_pci_generic by adding support for Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) when IOMMU is enabled in the system. The key enhancement allows PCI devices to directly use user-space virtual addresses for DMA operations, eliminating the need for bounce buffers or explicit IOVA mapping. This is achieved by leveraging the kernel's IOMMU-SVA subsystem, including process address space attachment, page fault handling, and shared context management between CPU and device. With this driver, userspace applications can perform zero-copy DMA using native pointers: void *addr = malloc(N); set_dma_addr((uint64_t)addr); // Passing user VA directly start_dma(); The device can now access 'addr' through the IOMMU's PASID-based translation, provided that the underlying IOMMU hardware (e.g., Intel VT-d 3.1+, AMD-Vi, ARM SMMU, RISCV IOMMU) and platform support SVA. Dependencies: - CONFIG_IOMMU_SVA must be enabled. - The platform must support PRI (Page Request Interface) and PASID. - Device drivers/userspace must handle page faults if demand-paging is used. The implementation reuses core logic from uio_pci_generic.c while adding PASID setting, and integration with the IOMMU SVA APIs. Also, add a read-only sysfs attribute 'pasid' to expose the Process Address Space ID assigned by IOMMU driver when binding an SVA-enabled device. For details, refer to the ABI documentation for uio_pci_sva driver sysfs attribute (Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-driver-uio_pci_sva-pasid). Signed-off-by: Yaxing Guo <guoyaxing@bosc.ac.cn> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250926095828.506-1-guoyaxing@bosc.ac.cn Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

2025-09-26 17:58:28 +08:00

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