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Qi Zheng
131adcc774 mm: memcontrol: refactor memcg_reparent_objcgs() 
Refactor the memcg_reparent_objcgs() to facilitate subsequent reparenting
LRU folios here.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/2e5696db1993e593a51004c1dacedbc261689629.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:47 -07:00
Qi Zheng
f304652609 mm: vmscan: prepare for reparenting MGLRU folios 
Similar to traditional LRU folios, in order to solve the dying memcg
problem, we also need to reparenting MGLRU folios to the parent memcg when
memcg offline.

However, there are the following challenges:

1. Each lruvec has between MIN_NR_GENS and MAX_NR_GENS generations, the
   number of generations of the parent and child memcg may be different,
   so we cannot simply transfer MGLRU folios in the child memcg to the
   parent memcg as we did for traditional LRU folios.
2. The generation information is stored in folio->flags, but we cannot
   traverse these folios while holding the lru lock, otherwise it may
   cause softlockup.
3. In walk_update_folio(), the gen of folio and corresponding lru size
   may be updated, but the folio is not immediately moved to the
   corresponding lru list. Therefore, there may be folios of different
   generations on an LRU list.
4. In lru_gen_del_folio(), the generation to which the folio belongs is
   found based on the generation information in folio->flags, and the
   corresponding LRU size will be updated. Therefore, we need to update
   the lru size correctly during reparenting, otherwise the lru size may
   be updated incorrectly in lru_gen_del_folio().

Finally, this patch chose a compromise method, which is to splice the lru
list in the child memcg to the lru list of the same generation in the
parent memcg during reparenting.  And in order to ensure that the parent
memcg has the same generation, we need to increase the generations in the
parent memcg to the MAX_NR_GENS before reparenting.

Of course, the same generation has different meanings in the parent and
child memcg, this will cause confusion in the hot and cold information of
folios.  But other than that, this method is simple enough, the lru size
is correct, and there is no need to consider some concurrency issues (such
as lru_gen_del_folio()).

To prepare for the above work, this commit implements the specific
functions, which will be used during reparenting.

[zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com: use list_splice_tail_init() to reparent child folios]
  Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260324114937.28569-1-qi.zheng@linux.dev
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/e75050354cdbc42221a04f7cf133292b61105548.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Suggested-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Suggested-by: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:47 -07:00
Qi Zheng
07a6e9a2c1 mm: vmscan: prepare for reparenting traditional LRU folios 
To resolve the dying memcg issue, we need to reparent LRU folios of child
memcg to its parent memcg.  For traditional LRU list, each lruvec of every
memcg comprises four LRU lists.  Due to the symmetry of the LRU lists, it
is feasible to transfer the LRU lists from a memcg to its parent memcg
during the reparenting process.

This commit implements the specific function, which will be used during
the reparenting process.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/a92d217a9fc82bd0c401210204a095caaf615b1c.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
31b54a5e89 mm: memcontrol: prepare for reparenting LRU pages for lruvec lock 
The following diagram illustrates how to ensure the safety of the folio
lruvec lock when LRU folios undergo reparenting.

In the folio_lruvec_lock(folio) function:

    rcu_read_lock();
retry:
    lruvec = folio_lruvec(folio);
    /* There is a possibility of folio reparenting at this point. */
    spin_lock(&lruvec->lru_lock);
    if (unlikely(lruvec_memcg(lruvec) != folio_memcg(folio))) {
        /*
         * The wrong lruvec lock was acquired, and a retry is required.
         * This is because the folio resides on the parent memcg lruvec
         * list.
         */
        spin_unlock(&lruvec->lru_lock);
        goto retry;
    }

    /* Reaching here indicates that folio_memcg() is stable. */


In the memcg_reparent_objcgs(memcg) function:

    spin_lock(&lruvec->lru_lock);
    spin_lock(&lruvec_parent->lru_lock);
    /* Transfer folios from the lruvec list to the parent's. */
    spin_unlock(&lruvec_parent->lru_lock);
    spin_unlock(&lruvec->lru_lock);

After acquiring the lruvec lock, it is necessary to verify whether the
folio has been reparented.  If reparenting has occurred, the new lruvec
lock must be reacquired.  During the LRU folio reparenting process, the
lruvec lock will also be acquired (this will be implemented in a
subsequent patch).  Therefore, folio_memcg() remains unchanged while the
lruvec lock is held.

Given that lruvec_memcg(lruvec) is always equal to folio_memcg(folio)
after the lruvec lock is acquired, the lruvec_memcg_debug() check is
redundant.  Hence, it is removed.

This patch serves as a preparation for the reparenting of LRU folios.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/23f22cbb1419f277a3483018b32158ae2b86c666.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Qi Zheng
d14f878581 mm: do not open-code lruvec lock 
Now we have lruvec_unlock(), lruvec_unlock_irq() and
lruvec_unlock_irqrestore(), but no the paired lruvec_lock(),
lruvec_lock_irq() and lruvec_lock_irqsave().

There is currently no use case for lruvec_lock_irqsave(), so only
introduce lruvec_lock_irq(), and change all open-code places to use this
helper function.  This looks cleaner and prepares for reparenting LRU
pages, preventing user from missing RCU lock calls due to open-code lruvec
lock.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/2d0bafe7564e17ece46dfd58197af22ce57017dc.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
507382970b mm: workingset: prevent lruvec release in workingset_activation() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  So an lruvec returned by folio_lruvec() could be released without
the rcu read lock or a reference to its memory cgroup.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the lruvec in workingset_activation().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/c6130476affbba0a7d309a887c3df11e0167990b.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
74e225ffaa mm: swap: prevent lruvec release in lru_gen_clear_refs() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  So an lruvec returned by folio_lruvec() could be released without
the rcu read lock or a reference to its memory cgroup.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the lruvec in lru_gen_clear_refs().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/986cd26227191a48a7c34a2a15812d361f4ebd53.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
d5ddaf4341 mm: zswap: prevent lruvec release in zswap_folio_swapin() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  So an lruvec returned by folio_lruvec() could be released without
the rcu read lock or a reference to its memory cgroup.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the lruvec in zswap_folio_swapin().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/02b3f76ee8d1132f69ac5baaedce38fb82b09a48.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
fe132152c8 mm: workingset: prevent lruvec release in workingset_refault() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  So an lruvec returned by folio_lruvec() could be released without
the rcu read lock or a reference to its memory cgroup.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the lruvec in workingset_refault().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/e3a8c19a9b18422b43213f6c89c451c5b6ca1577.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Qi Zheng
cf4d6ad54b mm: zswap: prevent memory cgroup release in zswap_compress() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in zswap_compress().

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/340f315050fb8a67caaf01b4836d4f38a41cf1a8.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Qi Zheng
681d325b23 mm: thp: prevent memory cgroup release in folio_split_queue_lock{_irqsave}() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in folio_split_queue_lock{_irqsave}().

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/ca2957c0df1126b2c71b40c738018fd5255525a6.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) <david@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:46 -07:00
Muchun Song
b3ca98297c mm: workingset: prevent memory cgroup release in lru_gen_eviction() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in lru_gen_eviction().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/f37e8ae2d84ddc690813d834cd75735d52d1bc78.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
c863aded26 mm: memcontrol: prevent memory cgroup release in mem_cgroup_swap_full() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in mem_cgroup_swap_full().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/21d1abab7342615745ea4c18a88237335ab44d13.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
c29f90a2da mm: mglru: prevent memory cgroup release in mglru 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in mglru.

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/9d887662a9d39c425742dd8468e3123316bccfe3.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
5305089080 mm: migrate: prevent memory cgroup release in folio_migrate_mapping() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In __folio_migrate_mapping(), the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard
against the release of the memory cgroup in folio_migrate_mapping().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/0f156c2f1188f256855617953f8305f43e066065.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
1f6f80c2db mm: page_io: prevent memory cgroup release in page_io module 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in swap_writeout() and
bio_associate_blkg_from_page().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/7c3708358412fb02c482d0985feb5e9513a863ef.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
f995da5341 mm: memcontrol: prevent memory cgroup release in count_memcg_folio_events() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in count_memcg_folio_events().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the
LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/dea6aa0389367f7fd6b715c8837a2cf7506bd889.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
49717c7bd6 writeback: prevent memory cgroup release in writeback module 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the function get_mem_cgroup_css_from_folio() and the
rcu read lock are employed to safeguard against the release of the memory
cgroup.

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the
LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/645f99bc344575417f67def3744f975596df2793.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
d10adce2c1 buffer: prevent memory cgroup release in folio_alloc_buffers() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the function get_mem_cgroup_from_folio() is employed
to safeguard against the release of the memory cgroup.  This serves as a
preparatory measure for the reparenting of the LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/d6d48fdcf329c549373ac0a1c80fd9f38067e34e.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
af86590786 mm: memcontrol: prevent memory cgroup release in get_mem_cgroup_from_folio() 
In the near future, a folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory
cgroup.  To ensure safety, it will only be appropriate to hold the rcu
read lock or acquire a reference to the memory cgroup returned by
folio_memcg(), thereby preventing it from being released.

In the current patch, the rcu read lock is employed to safeguard against
the release of the memory cgroup in get_mem_cgroup_from_folio().

This serves as a preparatory measure for the reparenting of the
LRU pages.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/a5a64c6173a566bd21534606aeaaa9220cb1366d.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:45 -07:00
Muchun Song
d5aa8c1d13 mm: memcontrol: return root object cgroup for root memory cgroup 
Memory cgroup functions such as get_mem_cgroup_from_folio() and
get_mem_cgroup_from_mm() return a valid memory cgroup pointer, even for
the root memory cgroup.  In contrast, the situation for object cgroups has
been different.

Previously, the root object cgroup couldn't be returned because it didn't
exist.  Now that a valid root object cgroup exists, for the sake of
consistency, it's necessary to align the behavior of object-cgroup-related
operations with that of memory cgroup APIs.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/e9c3f40ba7681d9753372d4ee2ac7a0216848b95.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Muchun Song
aa01ec1325 mm: memcontrol: allocate object cgroup for non-kmem case 
To allow LRU page reparenting, the objcg infrastructure is no longer
solely applicable to the kmem case.  In this patch, we extend the scope of
the objcg infrastructure beyond the kmem case, enabling LRU folios to
reuse it for folio charging purposes.

It should be noted that LRU folios are not accounted for at the root
level, yet the folio->memcg_data points to the root_mem_cgroup.  Hence,
the folio->memcg_data of LRU folios always points to a valid pointer. 
However, the root_mem_cgroup does not possess an object cgroup. 
Therefore, we also allocate an object cgroup for the root_mem_cgroup.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/b77274aa8e3f37c419bedf4782943fd5885dda82.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Muchun Song
a760b64ee0 mm: vmscan: refactor move_folios_to_lru() 
In a subsequent patch, we'll reparent the LRU folios.  The folios that are
moved to the appropriate LRU list can undergo reparenting during the
move_folios_to_lru() process.  Hence, it's incorrect for the caller to
hold a lruvec lock.  Instead, we should utilize the more general interface
of folio_lruvec_relock_irq() to obtain the correct lruvec lock.

This patch involves only code refactoring and doesn't introduce any
functional changes.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/6f1dac88b61e2e3cb7a3e90bacdf06b654acfc15.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Qi Zheng
676496738b mm: vmscan: prepare for the refactoring the move_folios_to_lru() 
Once we refactor move_folios_to_lru(), its callers will no longer have to
hold the lruvec lock; For shrink_inactive_list(), shrink_active_list() and
evict_folios(), IRQ disabling is only needed for __count_vm_events() and
__mod_node_page_state().

To avoid using local_irq_disable() on the PREEMPT_RT kernel, let's make
all callers of move_folios_to_lru() use IRQ-safed count_vm_events() and
mod_node_page_state().

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/b3a202f1787b0857bb6cbe059fffb8edefaf67b7.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Muchun Song
db128b2c6b mm: rename unlock_page_lruvec_irq and its variants 
It is inappropriate to use folio_lruvec_lock() variants in conjunction
with unlock_page_lruvec() variants, as this involves the inconsistent
operation of locking a folio while unlocking a page.  To rectify this, the
functions unlock_page_lruvec{_irq, _irqrestore} are renamed to
lruvec_unlock{_irq,_irqrestore}.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/4e5e05271a250df4d1812e1832be65636a78c957.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) <david@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Muchun Song
2b33c342f7 mm: workingset: use folio_lruvec() in workingset_refault() 
Use folio_lruvec() to simplify the code.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/11bd2fbbf082f4f7972a1113ca42a61fbe2876a9.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Muchun Song
f95fcd7f28 mm: memcontrol: remove dead code of checking parent memory cgroup 
Patch series "Eliminate Dying Memory Cgroup", v6.

Introduction
============

This patchset is intended to transfer the LRU pages to the object cgroup
without holding a reference to the original memory cgroup in order to
address the issue of the dying memory cgroup.  A consensus has already
been reached regarding this approach recently [1].

Background
==========

The issue of a dying memory cgroup refers to a situation where a memory
cgroup is no longer being used by users, but memory (the metadata
associated with memory cgroups) remains allocated to it.  This situation
may potentially result in memory leaks or inefficiencies in memory
reclamation and has persisted as an issue for several years.  Any memory
allocation that endures longer than the lifespan (from the users'
perspective) of a memory cgroup can lead to the issue of dying memory
cgroup.  We have exerted greater efforts to tackle this problem by
introducing the infrastructure of object cgroup [2].

Presently, numerous types of objects (slab objects, non-slab kernel
allocations, per-CPU objects) are charged to the object cgroup without
holding a reference to the original memory cgroup.  The final allocations
for LRU pages (anonymous pages and file pages) are charged at allocation
time and continues to hold a reference to the original memory cgroup until
reclaimed.

File pages are more complex than anonymous pages as they can be shared
among different memory cgroups and may persist beyond the lifespan of the
memory cgroup.  The long-term pinning of file pages to memory cgroups is a
widespread issue that causes recurring problems in practical scenarios
[3].  File pages remain unreclaimed for extended periods.  Additionally,
they are accessed by successive instances (second, third, fourth, etc.) of
the same job, which is restarted into a new cgroup each time.  As a
result, unreclaimable dying memory cgroups accumulate, leading to memory
wastage and significantly reducing the efficiency of page reclamation.

Fundamentals
============

A folio will no longer pin its corresponding memory cgroup.  It is
necessary to ensure that the memory cgroup or the lruvec associated with
the memory cgroup is not released when a user obtains a pointer to the
memory cgroup or lruvec returned by folio_memcg() or folio_lruvec(). 
Users are required to hold the RCU read lock or acquire a reference to the
memory cgroup associated with the folio to prevent its release if they are
not concerned about the binding stability between the folio and its
corresponding memory cgroup.  However, some users of folio_lruvec() (i.e.,
the lruvec lock) desire a stable binding between the folio and its
corresponding memory cgroup.  An approach is needed to ensure the
stability of the binding while the lruvec lock is held, and to detect the
situation of holding the incorrect lruvec lock when there is a race
condition during memory cgroup reparenting.  The following four steps are
taken to achieve these goals.

1. The first step  to be taken is to identify all users of both functions
   (folio_memcg() and folio_lruvec()) who are not concerned about binding
   stability and implement appropriate measures (such as holding a RCU read
   lock or temporarily obtaining a reference to the memory cgroup for a
   brief period) to prevent the release of the memory cgroup.

2. Secondly, the following refactoring of folio_lruvec_lock() demonstrates
   how to ensure the binding stability from the user's perspective of
   folio_lruvec().

   struct lruvec *folio_lruvec_lock(struct folio *folio)
   {
           struct lruvec *lruvec;

           rcu_read_lock();
   retry:
           lruvec = folio_lruvec(folio);
           spin_lock(&lruvec->lru_lock);
           if (unlikely(lruvec_memcg(lruvec) != folio_memcg(folio))) {
                   spin_unlock(&lruvec->lru_lock);
                   goto retry;
           }

           return lruvec;
   }

   From the perspective of memory cgroup removal, the entire reparenting
   process (altering the binding relationship between folio and its memory
   cgroup and moving the LRU lists to its parental memory cgroup) should be
   carried out under both the lruvec lock of the memory cgroup being removed
   and the lruvec lock of its parent.

3. Finally, transfer the LRU pages to the object cgroup without holding a
   reference to the original memory cgroup.

Effect
======

Finally, it can be observed that the quantity of dying memory cgroups will
not experience a significant increase if the following test script is
executed to reproduce the issue.

#!/bin/bash

# Create a temporary file 'temp' filled with zero bytes
dd if=/dev/zero of=temp bs=4096 count=1

# Display memory-cgroup info from /proc/cgroups
cat /proc/cgroups | grep memory

for i in {0..2000}
do
    mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test$i
    echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test$i/cgroup.procs

    # Append 'temp' file content to 'log'
    cat temp >> log

    echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/cgroup.procs

    # Potentially create a dying memory cgroup
    rmdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/test$i
done

# Display memory-cgroup info after test
cat /proc/cgroups | grep memory

rm -f temp log


This patch (of 33):

Since the no-hierarchy mode has been deprecated after the commit:

  commit bef8620cd8 ("mm: memcg: deprecate the non-hierarchical mode").

As a result, parent_mem_cgroup() will not return NULL except when passing
the root memcg, and the root memcg cannot be offline.  Hence, it's safe to
remove the check on the returned value of parent_mem_cgroup().  Remove the
corresponding dead code.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/f4481291bf8c6561dd8949045b5a1ed4008a6b63.1772711148.git.zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/Z6OkXXYDorPrBvEQ@hm-sls2/ [1]
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/895431/ [2]
Link: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/36827 [3]
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chen Ridong <chenridong@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Allen Pais <apais@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Hamza Mahfooz <hamzamahfooz@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@oracle.com>
Cc: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh.babulal@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Lorenzo Stoakes
3d3544a6c9 mm/vma: remove __vma_check_mmap_hook() 
Commit c50ca15dd4 ("mm: add vm_ops->mapped hook") introduced
__vma_check_mmap_hook() in order to assert that a driver doesn't
incorrectly implement both an f_op->mmap() and a vm_ops->mapped hook, the
latter of which would not ultimately get invoked.

However, this did not correctly account for stacked drivers (or drivers
that otherwise use the compatibility layer) which might recursively call
an mmap_prepare hook via the compatibility layer.

Thus the nested mmap_prepare() invocation might result in a VMA which has
vm_ops->mapped set with an overlaying mmap() hook, causing the
__vma_check_mmap_hook() to fail in vfs_mmap(), wrongly failing the
operation.

This patch resolves this by simply removing the check, as we can't be
certain that an mmap() hook doesn't at some point invoke the compatibility
layer, and it's not worth trying to track it.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260413105713.92625-1-ljs@kernel.org
Fixes: c50ca15dd4 ("mm: add vm_ops->mapped hook")
Reported-by: Shinichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/adx2ws5z0NMIe5Yj@shinmob/
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Shinichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
 2026-04-18 00:10:44 -07:00
Dan Carpenter
660b982305 ntfs: fix potential 32-bit truncation in ntfs_write_cb() 
Smatch warned that the bitwise negation in ntfs_write_cb() might lead to
unintended truncation. Casting the block size to loff_t before bitwise
negation prevents the upper 32 bits of pos from being incorrectly zeroed
out during the calculation of new_vcn.

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:21 +09:00
Namjae Jeon
dacc18029e ntfs: fix uninitialized variable in ntfs_map_runlist_nolock 
Smatch reported that ctx_needs_reset could be used uninitialized if
ntfs_map_runlist_nolock() fails early when a search context is provided.
Specifically, if the function returns -EIO because the attribute is
resident, the code jumps to err_out. This initializes ctx_needs_reset to
false to satisfy the static checker.

Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:19 +09:00
Dan Carpenter
32ba4750df ntfs: delete dead code 
We know "ret2" is zero so there is no need to check.  Delete the
if statement.

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:17 +09:00
Dan Carpenter
e8b79d09e3 ntfs: add missing error code in ntfs_mft_record_alloc() 
Return -ENOMEM if the kmalloc() fails.  Don't return success.

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:13 +09:00
Namjae Jeon
cd8d29c1b3 ntfs: fix uninitialized variables in ntfs_ea_set_wsl_inode() 
Smatch reported uninitialized symbol warnings in ntfs_ea_set_wsl_inode()
and __ntfs_create(). In ntfs_ea_set_wsl_inode(), the err variable could be
returned without initialization if no flags are set and rdev is zero.
Additionally, ea_size might remain uninitialized from the caller's
perspective if no EA operations are performed. While these cases might not
be triggered under current logic, we initialize them to zero to satisfy
the static checker.

Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:09 +09:00
Namjae Jeon
545834ac41 ntfs: fix uninitialized pointer in ntfs_write_mft_block 
Smatch reported that the variable rl could be used uninitialized in
ntfs_write_mft_block(). After analyzing the code,
when vol->cluster_size == NTFS_BLOCK_SIZE (512), it is smaller than
folio_size, so rl is guaranteed to be initialized. If vol->cluster_size
is larger, the condition to access rl becomes false, so a runtime error is
not expected to occur. However, to make the static checker happy,
this patch initializes rl to NULL and adds an explicit check before
its usage.

Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:07 +09:00
Namjae Jeon
8a59a2d84f ntfs: fix uninitialized variable in ntfs_write_simple_iomap_begin_non_resident 
Smatch reported that err could be used uninitialized if the code path
does not enter the first ntfs_zero_range() block.

Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:05 +09:00
Hyunchul Lee
cf29a21b3d ntfs: remove noop_direct_IO from address_space_operations 
Since commit a2ad63daa8 ("VFS: add FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT file flag"),
noop_direct_io is not required.

Signed-off-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:03 +09:00
Hyunchul Lee
0b79de3299 ntfs: limit memory allocation in ntfs_attr_readall 
check an attribute size before memory allocation, and reject if the size
is over the maximum size.

Signed-off-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:02 +09:00
Hyunchul Lee
ca513e492f ntfs: not zero out range beyond init in punch_hole 
The area beyond initialized_size are read as zero values, there is no need
to zero out that region.

Signed-off-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:33:00 +09:00
Hyunchul Lee
8b4064e614 ntfs: zero out stale data in straddle block beyond initialized_size 
ntfs_read_iomap_begin_non_resident() rounds up MAPPED extents
to the block boundary of initialized_size. This ensures that
any subsequent blocks are treated as IOMAP_UNWRITTEN, but
it also causes the "straddle block" containing initialized_size
to be read from disk. The disk data beyond initialized_size in
this block is stale and must be zeroed to prevent data leakage.

Signed-off-by: Hyunchul Lee <hyc.lee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
 2026-04-18 11:32:56 +09:00
Linus Torvalds
8541d8f725 * MTD changes 
mtdconcat finally makes it in, after several years of being merged and
 reverted.
 
 Baikal SoC support is being removed, so MTD bits are being removed as
 well.
 
 All the other changes are misc cleanups.
 
 * NAND changes
 
 The main changes happened in the SunXi driver in order to
 support new versions of the Allwinner NAND controller.
 
 There are also some DT-binding improvements and cleanups.
 
 Finally a couple of actual fixes (Realtek ECC and Winbond SPI NAND),
 aside with the usual load of misc changes.
 
 * SPI NOR changes
 
 There is only a collection of bugfixes this time around, with no notable
 changes to the core. Some of the more noteworthy bugfixes listed below.
 
 - Enable die erase on MT35XU02GCBA. We knew this flash needed this fixup
   since 7f77c561e2 ("mtd: spi-nor: micron-st: add TODO for fixing
   mt35xu02gcba") but did not add it due to lack of hardware to test on.
 
 - Fix locking on some Winbond w25q series flashes.
 
 - Fix Auto Address Increment (AAI) writes on SST that flashes that start
   on odd address. The write enable latch needs to be set again after the
   single byte program.
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Merge tag 'mtd/for-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mtd/linux

Pull MTD updates from Miquel Raynal:
 "MTD changes:

   - mtdconcat finally makes it in, after several years of being merged
     and reverted

   - Baikal SoC support is being removed, so MTD bits are being removed
     as well

   - misc cleanups

  NAND changes:

   - SunXi driver support for new versions of the Allwinner NAND
     controller.

   - DT-binding improvements and cleanups.

   - A few fixes (Realtek ECC and Winbond SPI NAND), aside with the
     usual load of misc changes.

  SPI NOR fixes:

   - Enable die erase on MT35XU02GCBA. We knew this flash needed this
     fixup since 7f77c561e2 ("mtd: spi-nor: micron-st: add TODO for
     fixing mt35xu02gcba") but did not add it due to lack of hardware to
     test on.

   - Fix locking on some Winbond w25q series flashes.

   - Fix Auto Address Increment (AAI) writes on SST that flashes that
     start on odd address. The write enable latch needs to be set again
     after the single byte program"

* tag 'mtd/for-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mtd/linux: (44 commits)
  mtd: spinand: winbond: Declare the QE bit on W25NxxJW
  mtd: spi-nor: micron-st: Enable die erase support for MT35XU02GCBA
  mtd: spi-nor: winbond: Fix locking support for w25q256jw
  mtd: spi-nor: sst: Fix write enable before AAI sequence
  mtd: spi-nor: winbond: Fix locking support for w25q64jvm
  mtd: spi-nor: winbond: Fix locking support for w25q256jwm
  dt-bindings: mtd: mxc-nand: add missing compatible string and ref to nand-controller-legacy.yaml
  dt-bindings: mtd: gpmi-nand: ref to nand-controller-legacy.yaml
  dt-bindings: mtd: refactor NAND bindings and add nand-controller-legacy.yaml
  mtd: spinand: winbond: Clarify when to enable the HS bit
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: introduce maximize variable user data length
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: fix typos in comments
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: change error prone variable name
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: remove dead code
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: make the code more self-explanatory
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: replace hard coded value by a define - take2
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: do not count BBM bytes twice
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: fix sunxi_nfc_hw_ecc_read_extra_oob
  mtd: rawnand: sunxi: sunxi_nand_ooblayout_free code clarification
  mtd: cmdlinepart: use a flexible array member
  ...
 2026-04-17 17:57:04 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
a436a0b847 Various clean ups and bug fixes in ext4 for 7.1: 
* Refactor code paths involved with partial block zero-out in
     prearation for converting ext4 to use iomap for buffered writes.
   * Remove use of d_alloc() from ext4 in preparation for the deprecation
     of this interface.
   * Replace some J_ASSERTS with a journal abort so we can avoid a kernel
     panic for a localized file system error
   * Simplify various code paths in mballoc, move_extent, and fast commit
   * Fix rare deadlock in jbd2_journal_cancel_revoke() that can be
     triggered by generic/013 when blocksize < pagesize.
   * Fix memory leak when releasing an extended attribute when its
     value is stored in an ea_inode
   * Fix various potential kunit test bugs in fs/ext4/extents.c
   * Fix potential out-of-bounds access in check_xattr() with a corrupted
     file system
   * Make the jbd2_inode dirty range tracking safe for lockless reads
   * Avoid a WARN_ON when writeback files due to a corrupted file system;
     we already print an ext4 warning indicatign that data will be lost,
     so the WARN_ON is not necessary and doesn't add any new information
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linux-7.0-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4

Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:

 - Refactor code paths involved with partial block zero-out in
   prearation for converting ext4 to use iomap for buffered writes

 - Remove use of d_alloc() from ext4 in preparation for the deprecation
   of this interface

 - Replace some J_ASSERTS with a journal abort so we can avoid a kernel
   panic for a localized file system error

 - Simplify various code paths in mballoc, move_extent, and fast commit

 - Fix rare deadlock in jbd2_journal_cancel_revoke() that can be
   triggered by generic/013 when blocksize < pagesize

 - Fix memory leak when releasing an extended attribute when its value
   is stored in an ea_inode

 - Fix various potential kunit test bugs in fs/ext4/extents.c

 - Fix potential out-of-bounds access in check_xattr() with a corrupted
   file system

 - Make the jbd2_inode dirty range tracking safe for lockless reads

 - Avoid a WARN_ON when writeback files due to a corrupted file system;
   we already print an ext4 warning indicatign that data will be lost,
   so the WARN_ON is not necessary and doesn't add any new information

* tag 'ext4_for_linux-7.0-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (37 commits)
  jbd2: fix deadlock in jbd2_journal_cancel_revoke()
  ext4: fix missing brelse() in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()
  ext4: fix possible null-ptr-deref in mbt_kunit_exit()
  ext4: fix possible null-ptr-deref in extents_kunit_exit()
  ext4: fix the error handling process in extents_kunit_init).
  ext4: call deactivate_super() in extents_kunit_exit()
  ext4: fix miss unlock 'sb->s_umount' in extents_kunit_init()
  ext4: fix bounds check in check_xattrs() to prevent out-of-bounds access
  ext4: zero post-EOF partial block before appending write
  ext4: move pagecache_isize_extended() out of active handle
  ext4: remove ctime/mtime update from ext4_alloc_file_blocks()
  ext4: unify SYNC mode checks in fallocate paths
  ext4: ensure zeroed partial blocks are persisted in SYNC mode
  ext4: move zero partial block range functions out of active handle
  ext4: pass allocate range as loff_t to ext4_alloc_file_blocks()
  ext4: remove handle parameters from zero partial block functions
  ext4: move ordered data handling out of ext4_block_do_zero_range()
  ext4: rename ext4_block_zero_page_range() to ext4_block_zero_range()
  ext4: factor out journalled block zeroing range
  ext4: rename and extend ext4_block_truncate_page()
  ...
 2026-04-17 17:08:31 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
30999ad049 Orangefs: changes for 7.1 
Fixes:
 orangefs: validate getxattr response length
 orangefs_readahead: don't overflow the bufmap slot.
 orangefs-debugfs.c: fix parsing problem with kernel debug keywords.
 
 Cleanup:
 debugfs: take better advantage of strscpy.
 
 New:
 bufmap: manage as folios
 orangefs: add usercopy whitelist to orangefs_op_cache
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Merge tag 'for-linus-7.1-ofs1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux

Pull orangefs updates from Mike Marshall:
 "Fixes:
   - validate getxattr response length
   - don't overflow the bufmap slot on readahead
   - fix parsing problem with kernel debug keywords

  Cleanup:
   - take better advantage of strscpy

  New:
   - manage bufmap as folios
   - add usercopy whitelist to orangefs_op_cache"

* tag 'for-linus-7.1-ofs1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux:
  bufmap: manage as folios, V2.
  orangefs: validate getxattr response length
  orangefs_readahead: don't overflow the bufmap slot.
  debugfs: take better advantage of strscpy.
  orangefs: add usercopy whitelist to orangefs_op_cache
  orangefs-debugfs.c: fix parsing problem with kernel debug keywords.
 2026-04-17 17:03:43 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
cdd4dc3aeb Major changes: 
- Write support:
   Implemented full write support based on the classic read-only NTFS
   driver. Added delayed allocation to improve write performance through
   multi-cluster allocation and reduced fragmentation of the cluster
   bitmap.
 
 - iomap conversion:
   Switched buffered IO (reads/writes), direct IO, file extent mapping,
   readpages, and writepages to use iomap.
 
 - Remove buffer_head:
   Completely removed buffer_head usage by converting to folios.
   As a result, the dependency on CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD has been removed
   from Kconfig.
 
 - Stability improvements:
   The new ntfs driver passes 326 xfstests, compared to 273 for ntfs3.
   All tests passed by ntfs3 are a complete subset of the tests passed
   by this implementation. Added support for fallocate, idmapped mounts,
   permissions, and more.
 
 - xfstests Results report:
   Total tests run: 787
   Passed         : 326
   Failed         : 38
   Skipped        : 423
 
 Failed tests breakdown:
   - 34 tests require metadata journaling
   - 4 other tests:
       094: No unwritten extent concept in NTFS on-disk format
       563: cgroup v2 aware writeback accounting not supported
       631: RENAME_WHITEOUT support required
       787: NFS delegation test
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Merge tag 'ntfs-for-7.1-rc1-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linkinjeon/ntfs

Pull ntfs resurrection from Namjae Jeon:
 "Ever since Kari Argillander’s 2022 report [1] regarding the state of
  the ntfs3 driver, I have spent the last 4 years working to provide
  full write support and current trends (iomap, no buffer head, folio),
  enhanced performance, stable maintenance, utility support including
  fsck for NTFS in Linux.

  This new implementation is built upon the clean foundation of the
  original read-only NTFS driver, adding:

   - Write support:

     Implemented full write support based on the classic read-only NTFS
     driver. Added delayed allocation to improve write performance
     through multi-cluster allocation and reduced fragmentation of the
     cluster bitmap.

   - iomap conversion:

     Switched buffered IO (reads/writes), direct IO, file extent
     mapping, readpages, and writepages to use iomap.

   - Remove buffer_head:

     Completely removed buffer_head usage by converting to folios. As a
     result, the dependency on CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD has been removed from
     Kconfig.

   - Stability improvements:

     The new ntfs driver passes 326 xfstests, compared to 273 for ntfs3.
     All tests passed by ntfs3 are a complete subset of the tests passed
     by this implementation. Added support for fallocate, idmapped
     mounts, permissions, and more.

  xfstests Results report:

     Total tests run: 787
     Passed         : 326
     Failed         : 38
     Skipped        : 423

  Failed tests breakdown:
    - 34 tests require metadata journaling
    - 4 other tests:
         094: No unwritten extent concept in NTFS on-disk format
         563: cgroup v2 aware writeback accounting not supported
         631: RENAME_WHITEOUT support required
         787: NFS delegation test"

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/da20d32b-5185-f40b-48b8-2986922d8b25@stargateuniverse.net/ [1]

[ Let's see if this undead filesystem ends up being of the "Easter
  miracle" kind, or the "Nosferatu of filesystems" kind... ]

* tag 'ntfs-for-7.1-rc1-v2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linkinjeon/ntfs: (46 commits)
  ntfs: remove redundant out-of-bound checks
  ntfs: add bound checking to ntfs_external_attr_find
  ntfs: add bound checking to ntfs_attr_find
  ntfs: fix ignoring unreachable code warnings
  ntfs: fix inconsistent indenting warnings
  ntfs: fix variable dereferenced before check warnings
  ntfs: prefer IS_ERR_OR_NULL() over manual NULL check
  ntfs: harden ntfs_listxattr against EA entries
  ntfs: harden ntfs_ea_lookup against malformed EA entries
  ntfs: check $EA query-length in ntfs_ea_get
  ntfs: validate WSL EA payload sizes
  ntfs: fix WSL ea restore condition
  ntfs: add missing newlines to pr_err() messages
  ntfs: fix pointer/integer casting warnings
  ntfs: use ->mft_no instead of ->i_ino in prints
  ntfs: change mft_no type to u64
  ntfs: select FS_IOMAP in Kconfig
  ntfs: add MODULE_ALIAS_FS
  ntfs: reduce stack usage in ntfs_write_mft_block()
  ntfs: fix sysctl table registration and path
  ...
 2026-04-17 16:35:49 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
eb0d6d97c2 bpf-fixes 
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Merge tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf

Pull bpf fixes from Alexei Starovoitov:
 "Most of the diff stat comes from Xu Kuohai's fix to emit ENDBR/BTI,
  since all JITs had to be touched to move constant blinding out and
  pass bpf_verifier_env in.

   - Fix use-after-free in arena_vm_close on fork (Alexei Starovoitov)

   - Dissociate struct_ops program with map if map_update fails (Amery
     Hung)

   - Fix out-of-range and off-by-one bugs in arm64 JIT (Daniel Borkmann)

   - Fix precedence bug in convert_bpf_ld_abs alignment check (Daniel
     Borkmann)

   - Fix arg tracking for imprecise/multi-offset in BPF_ST/STX insns
     (Eduard Zingerman)

   - Copy token from main to subprogs to fix missing kallsyms (Eduard
     Zingerman)

   - Prevent double close and leak of btf objects in libbpf (Jiri Olsa)

   - Fix af_unix null-ptr-deref in sockmap (Michal Luczaj)

   - Fix NULL deref in map_kptr_match_type for scalar regs (Mykyta
     Yatsenko)

   - Avoid unnecessary IPIs. Remove redundant bpf_flush_icache() in
     arm64 and riscv JITs (Puranjay Mohan)

   - Fix out of bounds access. Validate node_id in arena_alloc_pages()
     (Puranjay Mohan)

   - Reject BPF-to-BPF calls and callbacks in arm32 JIT (Puranjay Mohan)

   - Refactor all JITs to pass bpf_verifier_env to emit ENDBR/BTI for
     indirect jump targets on x86-64, arm64 JITs (Xu Kuohai)

   - Allow UTF-8 literals in bpf_bprintf_prepare() (Yihan Ding)"

* tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf: (32 commits)
  bpf, arm32: Reject BPF-to-BPF calls and callbacks in the JIT
  bpf: Dissociate struct_ops program with map if map_update fails
  bpf: Validate node_id in arena_alloc_pages()
  libbpf: Prevent double close and leak of btf objects
  selftests/bpf: cover UTF-8 trace_printk output
  bpf: allow UTF-8 literals in bpf_bprintf_prepare()
  selftests/bpf: Reject scalar store into kptr slot
  bpf: Fix NULL deref in map_kptr_match_type for scalar regs
  bpf: Fix precedence bug in convert_bpf_ld_abs alignment check
  bpf, arm64: Emit BTI for indirect jump target
  bpf, x86: Emit ENDBR for indirect jump targets
  bpf: Add helper to detect indirect jump targets
  bpf: Pass bpf_verifier_env to JIT
  bpf: Move constants blinding out of arch-specific JITs
  bpf, sockmap: Take state lock for af_unix iter
  bpf, sockmap: Fix af_unix null-ptr-deref in proto update
  selftests/bpf: Extend bpf_iter_unix to attempt deadlocking
  bpf, sockmap: Fix af_unix iter deadlock
  bpf, sockmap: Annotate af_unix sock:: Sk_state data-races
  selftests/bpf: verify kallsyms entries for token-loaded subprograms
  ...
 2026-04-17 15:58:22 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
12bffaef28 CXL changes for v7.1 
Misc patches:
 tools/testing/cxl: Enable replay of user regions as auto regions
 cxl/region: Add a region sysfs interface for region lock status
 cxl/core: Check existence of cxl_memdev_state in poison test
 cxl: Add endpoint decoder flags clear when PCI reset happens
 ACPI: NUMA: Only parse CFMWS at boot when CXL_ACPI is on
 MAINTAINERS: Update address for Dan Williams
 cxl/hdm: Add support for 32 switch decoders
 MAINTAINERS: Update Jonathan Cameron's email address
 
 Ensure endppoint complete initialization before usage:
 cxl/pci: Check memdev driver binding status in cxl_reset_done()
 cxl/pci: Hold memdev lock in cxl_event_trace_record()
 
 Type2 prepatory patches:
 cxl/region: Factor out interleave granularity setup
 cxl/region: Factor out interleave ways setup
 cxl: Make region type based on endpoint type
 cxl/pci: Remove redundant cxl_pci_find_port() call
 cxl: Move pci generic code from cxl_pci to core/cxl_pci
 cxl: export internal structs for external Type2 drivers
 cxl: support Type2 when initializing cxl_dev_state
 
 Patch series that deals with soft reserved memory conflict between CXL and HMEM:
 tools/testing/cxl: Test dax_hmem takeover of CXL regions
 tools/testing/cxl: Simulate auto-assembly failure
 dax/hmem: Parent dax_hmem devices
 dax/hmem: Fix singleton confusion between dax_hmem_work and hmem devices
 dax/hmem: Reduce visibility of dax_cxl coordination symbols
 cxl/region: Constify cxl_region_resource_contains()
 cxl/region: Limit visibility of cxl_region_contains_resource()
 dax/cxl: Fix HMEM dependencies
 cxl/region: Fix use-after-free from auto assembly failure
 dax/hmem, cxl: Defer and resolve Soft Reserved ownership
 cxl/region: Add helper to check Soft Reserved containment by CXL regions
 dax: Track all dax_region allocations under a global resource tree
 dax/cxl, hmem: Initialize hmem early and defer dax_cxl binding
 dax/hmem: Gate Soft Reserved deferral on DEV_DAX_CXL
 dax/hmem: Request cxl_acpi and cxl_pci before walking Soft Reserved ranges
 dax/hmem: Factor HMEM registration into __hmem_register_device()
 dax/bus: Use dax_region_put() in alloc_dax_region() error path
 
 Refactor CXL core/region code to make region code more manageable by
 splitting out DAX and PMEM code from RAM handling code:
 cxl/core: use cleanup.h for devm_cxl_add_dax_region
 cxl/core/region: move dax region device logic into region_dax.c
 cxl/core/region: move pmem region driver logic into region_pmem.c
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Merge tag 'cxl-for-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl

Pull CXL (Compute Express Link) updates from Dave Jiang:
 "The significant change of interest is the handling of soft reserved
  memory conflict between CXL and HMEM. In essence CXL will be the first
  to claim the soft reserved memory ranges that belongs to CXL and
  attempt to enumerate them with best effort. If CXL is not able to
  enumerate the ranges it will punt them to HMEM.

  There are also MAINTAINERS email changes from Dan Williams and
  Jonathan Cameron"

* tag 'cxl-for-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl: (37 commits)
  MAINTAINERS: Update Jonathan Cameron's email address
  cxl/hdm: Add support for 32 switch decoders
  MAINTAINERS: Update address for Dan Williams
  tools/testing/cxl: Enable replay of user regions as auto regions
  cxl/region: Add a region sysfs interface for region lock status
  tools/testing/cxl: Test dax_hmem takeover of CXL regions
  tools/testing/cxl: Simulate auto-assembly failure
  dax/hmem: Parent dax_hmem devices
  dax/hmem: Fix singleton confusion between dax_hmem_work and hmem devices
  dax/hmem: Reduce visibility of dax_cxl coordination symbols
  cxl/region: Constify cxl_region_resource_contains()
  cxl/region: Limit visibility of cxl_region_contains_resource()
  dax/cxl: Fix HMEM dependencies
  cxl/region: Fix use-after-free from auto assembly failure
  cxl/core: Check existence of cxl_memdev_state in poison test
  cxl/core: use cleanup.h for devm_cxl_add_dax_region
  cxl/core/region: move dax region device logic into region_dax.c
  cxl/core/region: move pmem region driver logic into region_pmem.c
  dax/hmem, cxl: Defer and resolve Soft Reserved ownership
  cxl/region: Add helper to check Soft Reserved containment by CXL regions
  ...
 2026-04-17 15:52:58 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
7d672741a5 Stop-machine pull request for v7.1 
This pull request contains kernel-doc updates for the stop_machine()
 and stop_machine_cpuslocked() functions.
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Merge tag 'stop-machine.2026.04.16a' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu

Pull stop-machine update from Paul McKenney:

 - kernel-doc updates for stop_machine() and stop_machine_cpuslocked()
   functions

* tag 'stop-machine.2026.04.16a' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu:
  stop_machine: Fix the documentation for a NULL cpus argument
 2026-04-17 15:48:36 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
9cdca33667 integrity-v7.1 
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Merge tag 'integrity-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity

Pull integrity updates from Mimi Zohar:
 "There are two main changes, one feature removal, some code cleanup,
  and a number of bug fixes.

  Main changes:
   - Detecting secure boot mode was limited to IMA. Make detecting
     secure boot mode accessible to EVM and other LSMs
   - IMA sigv3 support was limited to fsverity. Add IMA sigv3 support
     for IMA regular file hashes and EVM portable signatures

  Remove:
   - Remove IMA support for asychronous hash calculation originally
     added for hardware acceleration

  Cleanup:
   - Remove unnecessary Kconfig CONFIG_MODULE_SIG and CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG
     tests
   - Add descriptions of the IMA atomic flags

  Bug fixes:
   - Like IMA, properly limit EVM "fix" mode
   - Define and call evm_fix_hmac() to update security.evm
   - Fallback to using i_version to detect file change for filesystems
     that do not support STATX_CHANGE_COOKIE
   - Address missing kernel support for configured (new) TPM hash
     algorithms
   - Add missing crypto_shash_final() return value"

* tag 'integrity-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity:
  evm: Enforce signatures version 3 with new EVM policy 'bit 3'
  integrity: Allow sigv3 verification on EVM_XATTR_PORTABLE_DIGSIG
  ima: add support to require IMA sigv3 signatures
  ima: add regular file data hash signature version 3 support
  ima: Define asymmetric_verify_v3() to verify IMA sigv3 signatures
  ima: remove buggy support for asynchronous hashes
  integrity: Eliminate weak definition of arch_get_secureboot()
  ima: Add code comments to explain IMA iint cache atomic_flags
  ima_fs: Correctly create securityfs files for unsupported hash algos
  ima: check return value of crypto_shash_final() in boot aggregate
  ima: Define and use a digest_size field in the ima_algo_desc structure
  powerpc/ima: Drop unnecessary check for CONFIG_MODULE_SIG
  ima: efi: Drop unnecessary check for CONFIG_MODULE_SIG/CONFIG_KEXEC_SIG
  ima: fallback to using i_version to detect file change
  evm: fix security.evm for a file with IMA signature
  s390: Drop unnecessary CONFIG_IMA_SECURE_AND_OR_TRUSTED_BOOT
  evm: Don't enable fix mode when secure boot is enabled
  integrity: Make arch_ima_get_secureboot integrity-wide
 2026-04-17 15:42:01 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
ba314ed1bf hwspinlock updates for v7.1 
Remove the unused u8500 hardware spinlock driver, and clean out the
 hwspinlock_pdata struct as this was the last user of the struct.
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Merge tag 'hwlock-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux

Pull hwspinlock updates from Bjorn Andersson:
 "Remove the unused u8500 hardware spinlock driver, and clean out the
  hwspinlock_pdata struct as this was the last user of the struct"

* tag 'hwlock-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux:
  hwspinlock: remove now unused pdata from header file
  hwspinlock: u8500: delete driver
 2026-04-17 14:21:40 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
3d2d10e1f5 rpmsg updates for v7.1 
Mark "data" argument in rpmsg_send() const, and perculate to related
 drivers. Replace deprecated class_destroy() with class_unregister().
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Merge tag 'rpmsg-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux

Pull rpmsg updates from Bjorn Andersson:
 "Mark 'data' argument in rpmsg_send() const, and perculate to related
  drivers. Replace deprecated class_destroy() with class_unregister()"

* tag 'rpmsg-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux:
  media: platform: mtk-mdp3: Constify buffer passed to mdp_vpu_sendmsg()
  ASoC: qcom: Constify GPR packet being send over GPR interface
  rpmsg: Constify buffer passed to send API
  remoteproc: mtk_scp: Constify buffer passed to scp_send_ipi()
  remoteproc: mtk_scp_ipi: Constify buffer passed to scp_ipi_send()
  drivers: rpmsg: class_destroy() is deprecated
 2026-04-17 14:18:55 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
d65218de87 remoteproc updates for v7.1 
Move requesting of IRQs in TI Keystone driver to probe time instead of
 remoteproc start, to allow better handling of errors.
 
 Introduce support for more than 10 entries in the Qualcomm minidump
 implementation.
 
 Add audio DSP remoteproc support for the Qualcomm Eliza platform. Add
 modem remoteproc support for the Qualcomm MDM9607, MSM8917, MSM8937, and
 MSM8940 platforms.
 
 Add list of Qualcomm QMI service ids to the QMI header file, in order to
 avoid sprinkling them across the various drivers using them. Migrate
 sysmon to use this constant.
 
 Fix several issues related to DeviceTree parsing and mailbox handling in
 the Xilinx R5F remote processor driver.
 
 Fix incorrect error checks in reserved memory handling and polish the
 code across i.MX and TI drivers.
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Merge tag 'rproc-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux

Pull remoteproc updates from Bjorn Andersson:

 - Move requesting of IRQs in TI Keystone driver to probe time instead
   of remoteproc start, to allow better handling of errors.

 - Introduce support for more than 10 entries in the Qualcomm minidump
   implementation.

 - Add audio DSP remoteproc support for the Qualcomm Eliza platform. Add
   modem remoteproc support for the Qualcomm MDM9607, MSM8917, MSM8937,
   and MSM8940 platforms.

 - Add list of Qualcomm QMI service ids to the QMI header file, in order
   to avoid sprinkling them across the various drivers using them.
   Migrate sysmon to use this constant.

 - Fix several issues related to DeviceTree parsing and mailbox handling
   in the Xilinx R5F remote processor driver.

 - Fix incorrect error checks in reserved memory handling and polish the
   code across i.MX and TI drivers.

* tag 'rproc-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/remoteproc/linux: (35 commits)
  remoteproc: qcom: pas: Add Eliza ADSP support
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: qcom,milos-pas: Document Eliza ADSP
  remoteproc: qcom: Add missing space before closing bracket
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: qcom: Drop types for firmware-name
  remoteproc: qcom: Fix minidump out-of-bounds access on subsystems array
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: k3-r5f: Add memory-region-names
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: k3-r5f: Split up memory regions
  remoteproc: use SIZE_MAX in rproc_u64_fit_in_size_t()
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: qcom,sm8550-pas: Add Glymur CDSP
  dt-bindings: remoteproc: qcom,sm8550-pas: Add Glymur ADSP
  remoteproc: xlnx: Release mailbox channels on shutdown
  remoteproc: sysmon: Use the unified QMI service ID instead of defining it locally
  remoteproc: xlnx: Only access buffer information if IPI is buffered
  remoteproc: xlnx: Avoid mailbox setup
  remoteproc: keystone: Request IRQs in probe()
  remoteproc: pru: Remove empty remove callback
  remoteproc: pru: Use rproc_of_parse_firmware() to get firmware name
  remoteproc: da8xx: Reorder resource fetching in probe()
  remoteproc: da8xx: Remove unused local struct data
  remoteproc: da8xx: Use dev_err_probe()
  ...
 2026-04-17 14:16:15 -07:00