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1,429,402 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Zhang Heng
891b77d459 ALSA: hda/realtek: fix right sounds and mute/micmute LEDs for HP machine
The HP EliteBook 630 G11 (103c:8c8f) is using ALC236 codec which used 0x02
to control mute LED and 0x01 to control micmute LED. Therefore, add a quirk
to make it works.

Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220828
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Zhang Heng <zhangheng@kylinos.cn>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260126073508.3897461-1-zhangheng@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2026-01-26 09:41:35 +01:00
Heinz Mauelshagen
cefcb9297f md raid: fix hang when stopping arrays with metadata through dm-raid
When using device-mapper's dm-raid target, stopping a RAID array can cause
the system to hang under specific conditions.

This occurs when:

- A dm-raid managed device tree is suspended from top to bottom
   (the top-level RAID device is suspended first, followed by its
    underlying metadata and data devices)

- The top-level RAID device is then removed

Removing the top-level device triggers a hang in the following sequence:
the dm-raid destructor calls md_stop(), which tries to flush the
write-intent bitmap by writing to the metadata sub-devices. However, these
devices are already suspended, making them unable to complete the write-intent
operations and causing an indefinite block.

Fix:

- Prevent bitmap flushing when md_stop() is called from dm-raid
destructor context
  and avoid a quiescing/unquescing cycle which could also cause I/O

- Still allow write-intent bitmap flushing when called from dm-raid
suspend context

This ensures that RAID array teardown can complete successfully even when the
underlying devices are in a suspended state.

This second patch uses md_is_rdwr() to distinguish between suspend and
destructor paths as elaborated on above.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/CAM23VxqYrwkhKEBeQrZeZwQudbiNey2_8B_SEOLqug=pXxaFrA@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Heinz Mauelshagen <heinzm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:46:40 +08:00
Jiasheng Jiang
f150e753cb md-cluster: fix NULL pointer dereference in process_metadata_update
The function process_metadata_update() blindly dereferences the 'thread'
pointer (acquired via rcu_dereference_protected) within the wait_event()
macro.

While the code comment states "daemon thread must exist", there is a valid
race condition window during the MD array startup sequence (md_run):

1. bitmap_load() is called, which invokes md_cluster_ops->join().
2. join() starts the "cluster_recv" thread (recv_daemon).
3. At this point, recv_daemon is active and processing messages.
4. However, mddev->thread (the main MD thread) is not initialized until
   later in md_run().

If a METADATA_UPDATED message is received from a remote node during this
specific window, process_metadata_update() will be called while
mddev->thread is still NULL, leading to a kernel panic.

To fix this, we must validate the 'thread' pointer. If it is NULL, we
release the held lock (no_new_dev_lockres) and return early, safely
ignoring the update request as the array is not yet fully ready to
process it.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260117145903.28921-1-jiashengjiangcool@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jiasheng Jiang <jiashengjiangcool@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:36:08 +08:00
Jack Wang
46ef85f854 md/bitmap: fix GPF in write_page caused by resize race
A General Protection Fault occurs in write_page() during array resize:
RIP: 0010:write_page+0x22b/0x3c0 [md_mod]

This is a use-after-free race between bitmap_daemon_work() and
__bitmap_resize(). The daemon iterates over `bitmap->storage.filemap`
without locking, while the resize path frees that storage via
md_bitmap_file_unmap(). `quiesce()` does not stop the md thread,
allowing concurrent access to freed pages.

Fix by holding `mddev->bitmap_info.mutex` during the bitmap update.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260120102456.25169-1-jinpu.wang@ionos.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/CAMGffE=Mbfp=7xD_hYxXk1PAaCZNSEAVeQGKGy7YF9f2S4=NEA@mail.gmail.com/T/#u
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: d60b479d17 ("md/bitmap: add bitmap_resize function to allow bitmap resizing.")
Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang@ionos.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:36:06 +08:00
Yu Kuai
d119bd2e16 md/md-llbitmap: fix percpu_ref not resurrected on suspend timeout
When llbitmap_suspend_timeout() times out waiting for percpu_ref to
become zero, it returns -ETIMEDOUT without resurrecting the percpu_ref.
The caller (md_llbitmap_daemon_fn) then continues to the next page
without calling llbitmap_resume(), leaving the percpu_ref in a killed
state permanently.

Fix this by resurrecting the percpu_ref before returning the error,
ensuring the page control structure remains usable for subsequent
operations.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260123182623.3718551-3-yukuai@fnnas.com
Fixes: 5ab829f197 ("md/md-llbitmap: introduce new lockless bitmap")
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:25:31 +08:00
Yu Kuai
cd1635d844 md/raid5: fix IO hang with degraded array with llbitmap
When llbitmap bit state is still unwritten, any new write should force
rcw, as bitmap_ops->blocks_synced() is checked in handle_stripe_dirtying().
However, later the same check is missing in need_this_block(), causing
stripe to deadloop during handling because handle_stripe() will decide
to go to handle_stripe_fill(), meanwhile need_this_block() always return
0 and nothing is handled.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260123182623.3718551-2-yukuai@fnnas.com
Fixes: 5ab829f197 ("md/md-llbitmap: introduce new lockless bitmap")
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:18:59 +08:00
Li Nan
5d1dd57929 md: remove recovery_disabled
'recovery_disabled' logic is complex and confusing, originally intended to
preserve raid in extreme scenarios. It was used in following cases:
- When sync fails and setting badblocks also fails, kick out non-In_sync
  rdev and block spare rdev from joining to preserve raid [1]
- When last backup is unavailable, prevent repeated add-remove of spares
  triggering recovery [2]

The original issues are now resolved:
- Error handlers in all raid types prevent last rdev from being kicked out
- Disks with failed recovery are marked Faulty and can't re-join

Therefore, remove 'recovery_disabled' as it's no longer needed.

[1] 5389042ffa ("md: change managed of recovery_disabled.")
[2] 4044ba58dd ("md: don't retry recovery of raid1 that fails due to error on source drive.")

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-13-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:17:38 +08:00
Li Nan
7435b73f05 md/raid10: cleanup skip handling in raid10_sync_request
Skip a sector in raid10_sync_request() when it needs no syncing or no
readable device exists. Current skip handling is unnecessary:

- Use 'skip' label to reissue the next sector instead of return directly
- Complete sync and return 'max_sectors' when multiple sectors are skipped
  due to badblocks

The first is error-prone. For example, commit bc49694a9e ("md: pass in
max_sectors for pers->sync_request()") removed redundant max_sector
assignments. Since skip modifies max_sectors, `goto skip` leaves
max_sectors equal to sector_nr after the jump, which is incorrect.

The second causes sync to complete erroneously when no actual sync occurs.
For recovery, recording badblocks and continue syncing subsequent sectors
is more suitable. For resync, just skip bad sectors and syncing subsequent
sectors.

Clean up complex and unnecessary skip code. Return immediately when a
sector should be skipped. Reduce code paths and lower regression risk.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-12-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: bc49694a9e ("md: pass in max_sectors for pers->sync_request()")
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:26 +08:00
Li Nan
99582edb3f md/raid10: fix any_working flag handling in raid10_sync_request
In raid10_sync_request(), 'any_working' indicates if any IO will
be submitted. When there's only one In_sync disk with badblocks,
'any_working' might be set to 1 but no IO is submitted. Fix it by
setting 'any_working' after badblock checks.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-11-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: e875ecea26 ("md/raid10 record bad blocks as needed during recovery.")
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:25 +08:00
Li Nan
8ff59a7247 md: move finish_reshape to md_finish_sync()
finish_reshape implementations of raid10 and raid5 only update mddev
and rdev configurations. Move these operations to md_finish_sync() as
it is more appropriate.

No functional changes.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-10-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:23 +08:00
Li Nan
6dd3aa08e8 md: factor out sync completion update into helper
Repeatedly reading 'mddev->recovery' flags in md_do_sync() may introduce
potential risk if this flag is modified during sync, leading to incorrect
offset updates. Therefore, replace direct 'mddev->recovery' checks with
'action'.

Move sync completion update logic into helper md_finish_sync(), which
improves readability and maintainability.

The reshape completion update remains safe as it only updated after
successful reshape when MD_RECOVERY_INTR is not set and 'curr_resync'
equals 'max_sectors'.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-9-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:21 +08:00
Li Nan
af9c40ff5a md: remove MD_RECOVERY_ERROR handling and simplify resync_offset update
Following previous patch "md: update curr_resync_completed even when
MD_RECOVERY_INTR is set", 'curr_resync_completed' always equals
'curr_resync' for resync, so MD_RECOVERY_ERROR can be removed.

Also, simplify resync_offset update logic.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-8-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:19 +08:00
Li Nan
cc0dab317a md: update curr_resync_completed even when MD_RECOVERY_INTR is set
An error sync IO may be done and sub 'recovery_active' while its
error handling work is pending. This work sets 'recovery_disabled'
and MD_RECOVERY_INTR, then later removes the bad disk without Faulty
flag. If 'curr_resync_completed' is updated before the disk is removed,
it could lead to reading from sync-failed regions.

With the previous patch, error IO will set badblocks or mark rdev as
Faulty, sync-failed regions are no longer readable. After waiting for
'recovery_active' to reach 0 (in the previous line), all sync IO has
*completed*, regardless of whether MD_RECOVERY_INTR is set. Thus, the
MD_RECOVERY_INTR check can be removed.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-7-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:17 +08:00
Li Nan
fd4d44c14f md: mark rdev Faulty when badblocks setting fails
Currently when sync read fails and badblocks set fails (exceeding
512 limit), rdev isn't immediately marked Faulty. Instead
'recovery_disabled' is set and non-In_sync rdevs are removed later.
This preserves array availability if bad regions aren't read, but bad
sectors might be read by users before rdev removal. This occurs due
to incorrect resync/recovery_offset updates that include these bad
sectors.

When badblocks exceed 512, keeping the disk provides little benefit
while adding complexity. Prompt disk replacement is more important.
Therefore when badblocks set fails, directly call md_error to mark rdev
Faulty immediately, preventing potential data access issues.

After this change, cleanup of offset update logic and 'recovery_disabled'
handling will follow.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-6-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: 5e5702898e ("md/raid10: Handle read errors during recovery better.")
Fixes: 3a9f28a511 ("md/raid1: improve handling of read failure during recovery.")
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:15 +08:00
Li Nan
aa9d12cfa1 md: break remaining operations on badblocks set failure in narrow_write_error
Mark device faulty and exit at once when setting badblocks fails in
narrow_write_error(). No need to continue processing remaining sections.
With this change, narrow_write_error() no longer needs to return a value,
so adjust its return type to void.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-5-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:12 +08:00
Li Nan
4870b0f59c md/raid1,raid10: support narrow_write_error when badblocks is disabled
When badblocks.shift < 0 (badblocks disabled), narrow_write_error()
return false, preventing write error handling. Since narrow_write_error()
only splits IO into smaller sizes and re-submits, it can work with
badblocks disabled.

Adjust to use the logical block size for block_sectors when badblocks is
disabled, allowing narrow_write_error() to function in this case.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-4-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:09 +08:00
Li Nan
2a5d4549a2 md: factor error handling out of md_done_sync into helper
The 'ok' parameter in md_done_sync() is redundant for most callers that
always pass 'true'. Factor error handling logic into a separate helper
function md_sync_error() to eliminate unnecessary parameter passing and
improve code clarity.

No functional changes introduced.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-3-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:07 +08:00
Li Nan
090856dd85 md/raid1: simplify uptodate handling in end_sync_write
In end_sync_write, r1bio state is always set to either R1BIO_WriteError
or R1BIO_MadeGood. Consequently, put_sync_write_buf() never takes the
'else' branch that calls md_done_sync(), making the uptodate parameter
have no practical effect.

Pass 1 to put_sync_write_buf(). A more complete cleanup will be done in
a follow-up patch.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260105110300.1442509-2-linan666@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:16:05 +08:00
Yu Kuai
4ffe28ed0d md/raid5: make sure max_sectors is not less than io_opt
Otherwise, even if user issue IO by io_opt, such IO will be split
by max_sectors before they are submitted to raid5. For consequence,
full stripe IO is impossible.

BTW, dm-raid5 is not affected and still have such problem.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-7-yukuai@fnnas.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-01-26 13:11:51 +08:00
Yu Kuai
9340a95d48 md/raid5: use mempool to allocate stripe_request_ctx
On the one hand, stripe_request_ctx is 72 bytes, and it's a bit huge for
a stack variable.

On the other hand, the bitmap sectors_to_do is a fixed size, result in
max_hw_sector_kb of raid5 array is at most 256 * 4k = 1Mb, and this will
make full stripe IO impossible for the array that chunk_size * data_disks
is bigger. Allocate ctx during runtime will make it possible to get rid
of this limit.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-6-yukuai@fnnas.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:11:29 +08:00
Yu Kuai
10787568cc md: merge mddev serialize_policy into mddev_flags
There is not need to use a separate field in struct mddev, there are no
functional changes.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-5-yukuai@fnnas.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:10:51 +08:00
Yu Kuai
4f6d2e648c md: merge mddev faillast_dev into mddev_flags
There is not need to use a separate field in struct mddev, there are no
functional changes.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-4-yukuai@fnnas.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:10:24 +08:00
Yu Kuai
fba4a98040 md: merge mddev has_superblock into mddev_flags
There is not need to use a separate field in struct mddev, there are no
functional changes.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-3-yukuai@fnnas.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
2026-01-26 13:09:55 +08:00
Yu Kuai
2d9f7150ac md/raid5: fix raid5_run() to return error when log_init() fails
Since commit f63f17350e ("md/raid5: use the atomic queue limit
update APIs"), the abort path in raid5_run() returns 'ret' instead of
-EIO. However, if log_init() fails, 'ret' is still 0 from the previous
successful call, causing raid5_run() to return success despite the
failure.

Fix this by capturing the return value from log_init().

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260114171241.3043364-2-yukuai@fnnas.com
Fixes: f63f17350e ("md/raid5: use the atomic queue limit update APIs")
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/202601130531.LGfcZsa4-lkp@intel.com/
Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
2026-01-26 13:09:42 +08:00
Deepak Gupta
540de7ade1 riscv/mm: update write protect to work on shadow stacks
'fork' implements copy-on-write (COW) by making pages readonly in both
child and parent.

ptep_set_wrprotect() and pte_wrprotect() clear _PAGE_WRITE in PTE.
The assumption is that the page is readable and, on a fault,
copy-on-write happens.

To implement COW on shadow stack pages, clearing the W bit makes them
XWR = 000. This will result in the wrong PTE setting, which allows no
permissions, but with V=1 and the PFN field pointing to the final
page. Instead, the desired behavior is to turn it into a readable
page, take an access (load/store) fault on sspush/sspop (shadow stack)
and then perform COW on such pages. This way regular reads would still
be allowed and not lead to COW maintaining current behavior of COW on
non-shadow stack but writeable memory.

On the other hand, this doesn't interfere with existing COW for
read-write memory.  The assumption is always that _PAGE_READ must have
been set, and thus, setting _PAGE_READ is harmless.

Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-9-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: clarify patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:54 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
c68c2ef9d6 riscv/mm: teach pte_mkwrite to manufacture shadow stack PTEs
pte_mkwrite() creates PTEs with WRITE encodings for the underlying
architecture.  The underlying architecture can have two types of
writeable mappings: one that can be written using regular store
instructions, and another one that can only be written using
specialized store instructions (like shadow stack stores).
pte_mkwrite can select write PTE encoding based on VMA range (i.e.
VM_SHADOW_STACK)

Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-8-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
f56ffb8ada riscv/mm: manufacture shadow stack ptes
This patch implements the creation of a shadow stack pte on
riscv. Creating shadow stack PTE on riscv means clearing RWX and then
setting W=1.

Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-7-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
6c7559f22b riscv/mm: ensure PROT_WRITE leads to VM_READ | VM_WRITE
'arch_calc_vm_prot_bits' is implemented on risc-v to return VM_READ |
VM_WRITE if PROT_WRITE is specified. Similarly 'riscv_sys_mmap' is
updated to convert all incoming PROT_WRITE to (PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ).
This is to make sure that any existing apps using PROT_WRITE still work.

Earlier 'protection_map[VM_WRITE]' used to pick read-write PTE encodings.
Now 'protection_map[VM_WRITE]' will always pick PAGE_SHADOWSTACK PTE
encodings for shadow stack. The above changes ensure that existing apps
continue to work because underneath, the kernel will be picking
'protection_map[VM_WRITE|VM_READ]' PTE encodings.

Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-6-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
79dd4f2f40 riscv: Add usercfi state for task and save/restore of CSR_SSP on trap entry/exit
Carve out space in the RISC-V architecture-specific thread struct for
cfi status and shadow stack in usermode.

This patch:
- defines a new structure cfi_status with status bit for cfi feature
- defines shadow stack pointer, base and size in cfi_status structure
- defines offsets to new member fields in thread in asm-offsets.c
- saves and restores shadow stack pointer on trap entry (U --> S) and exit
  (S --> U)

Shadow stack save/restore is gated on feature availability and is
implemented using alternatives. CSR_SSP can be context-switched in
'switch_to' as well, but as soon as kernel shadow stack support gets
rolled in, the shadow stack pointer will need to be switched at trap
entry/exit point (much like 'sp'). It can be argued that a kernel
using a shadow stack deployment scenario may not be as prevalent as
user mode using this feature. But even if there is some minimal
deployment of kernel shadow stack, that means that it needs to be
supported.  Thus save/restore of shadow stack pointer is implemented
in entry.S instead of in 'switch_to.h'.

Reviewed-by: Charlie Jenkins <charlie@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-5-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
41a2452c99 riscv: add Zicfiss / Zicfilp extension CSR and bit definitions
The Zicfiss and Zicfilp extensions are enabled via b3 and b2 in
*envcfg CSRs.  menvcfg controls enabling for S/HS mode.  henvcfg
controls enabling for VS.  senvcfg controls enabling for U/VU mode.

The Zicfilp extension extends *status CSRs to hold an 'expected
landing pad' bit.  A trap or interrupt can occur between an indirect
jmp/call and target instruction.  The 'expected landing pad' bit from
the CPU is recorded into the xstatus CSR so that when the supervisor
performs xret, the 'expected landing pad' state of the CPU can be
restored.

Zicfiss adds one new CSR, CSR_SSP, which contains the current shadow
stack pointer.

Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Charlie Jenkins <charlie@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-4-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: grouped CSR_SSP macro with the other CSR macros; clarified patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
df11708566 riscv: zicfiss / zicfilp enumeration
This patch adds support for detecting the RISC-V ISA extensions
Zicfiss and Zicfilp.  Zicfiss and Zicfilp stand for the unprivileged
integer spec extensions for shadow stack and indirect branch tracking,
respectively.

This patch looks for Zicfiss and Zicfilp in the device tree and
accordingly lights up the corresponding bits in the cpu feature
bitmap. Furthermore this patch adds detection utility functions to
return whether shadow stack or landing pads are supported by the cpu.

Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-3-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply; cleaned up patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
f94645fc03 dt-bindings: riscv: document zicfilp and zicfiss in extensions.yaml
Make an entry for cfi extensions in extensions.yaml.

Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring (Arm) <robh@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-2-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: updated subject]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:53 -07:00
Deepak Gupta
98036587a4 mm: add VM_SHADOW_STACK definition for riscv
VM_HIGH_ARCH_5 is used for riscv.

Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6
Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-1-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com
[pjw@kernel.org: clarify subject; update to apply]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:52 -07:00
Markus Elfring
3127718ad9 iommu/riscv: Simplify maximum determination in riscv_iommu_init_check()
Reduce nested max() calls by a single max3() call in this
function implementation.

This issue was detected by using the Coccinelle software.

Signed-off-by: Markus Elfring <elfring@users.sourceforge.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/d1a384c9-f154-4537-94d6-c3613f4167bc@web.de
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:52 -07:00
Javier Carrasco
5bfb287891 riscv: defconfig: enable NLS_ISO8859_1
NLS_ISO8859_1 was enabled as a module with commit efe1e08bca ("riscv:
defconfig: enable NLS_CODEPAGE_437, NLS_ISO8859_1"), but the
NLS_CODEPAGE_437 counterpart is selected as built-in. The commit does
not explain the reason behind, and it is not consistent with the
defconfig for ARM64 that also enables these modules to mount EFI system
partitions.

Select NLS_ISO8859_1 as built-in to provide both requirements within the
kernel image.

Signed-off-by: Javier Carrasco <javier.carrasco.cruz@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260111-nls_iso8859_1_y_riscv-v1-1-2c992bb2c00d@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:52 -07:00
Florian Schmaus
9f77b4c5c3 riscv: mm: define copy_user_page() as copy_page()
Currently, the implementation of copy_user_page() is identical to
copy_page().

Align riscv with other architectures (alpha, arc, arm64, hexagon,
longarch, m68k, openrisc, s390, um, xtensa) and map copy_user_page()
to copy_page() given that their implementation is identical.

In addition to following a common pattern, this centralizes the
implementation. Any changes to the underlying page copy logic (e.g.,
for CHERI) will now automatically propagate to copy_user_page().

Signed-off-by: Florian Schmaus <florian.schmaus@codasip.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260113134025.905627-1-florian.schmaus@codasip.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:52 -07:00
Andreas Schwab
28a12ef366 errata/sifive: remove unreliable warn_miss_errata
When both the SiFive and MIPS errata are enabled then
sifive_errata_patch_func emits a wrong and misleading warning claiming
that the SiFive errata haven't been applied.  This happens because
sifive_errata_patch_func is being called twice, once for the kernel image
and once for the vdso image.  The vdso image has alternative entries
for the MIPS errata, but none for the SiFive errata.

Signed-off-by: Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/mvmv7i8q8gg.fsf@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:09:04 -07:00
Austin Kim
494d4a051c riscv: fix minor typo in syscall.h comment
Some developers may be confused because RISC-V does not have
a register named r0. Also, orig_r0 is not available in pt_regs structure,
which is specific to riscv. So we had better fix this minor typo.

Signed-off-by: Austin Kim <austin.kim@lge.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/aW3Z4zTBvGJpk7a7@adminpc-PowerEdge-R7525
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:08:59 -07:00
Paul Walmsley
ba89709a36 riscv: signal: fix some warnings reported by sparse
Clean up a few warnings reported by sparse in
arch/riscv/kernel/signal.c.  These come from code that was added
recently; they were missed when I initially reviewed the patch.

Fixes: 818d78ba1b ("riscv: signal: abstract header saving for setup_sigcontext")
Cc: Andy Chiu <andybnac@gmail.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202601171848.ydLTJYrz-lkp@intel.com/
[pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-25 21:08:53 -07:00
Alice Ryhl
e741e19d76 rust: workqueue: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-26-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:51:31 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
93ad1d734e rust: uaccess: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-23-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:51:16 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
4890cd1d33 rust: slab: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-19-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:50:50 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
ac585bf970 rust: rbtree: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-15-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:50:41 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
fffdb58732 rust: of: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring (Arm) <robh@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-12-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:50:21 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
5092aeaf70 rust: mm: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-11-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:49:56 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
fa6cbf1f5a rust: maple_tree: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Ballance <andrewjballance@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-10-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:49:09 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
227d1955bf rust: err: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-8-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:49:04 +01:00
Alice Ryhl
7caeac0b38 rust: bug: add __rust_helper to helpers
This is needed to inline these helpers into Rust code.

Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260105-define-rust-helper-v2-3-51da5f454a67@google.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:48:25 +01:00
Alexandre Courbot
0bfea95c3c gpu: nova-core: gsp: use () as message type for GspInitDone message
`GspInitDone` has no payload whatsoever, so the unit type `()` is the
correct way to represent its message content. We can use it now that
`()` implements `FromBytes`.

Reviewed-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251215-transmute_unit-v4-2-477d71ec7c23@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:17:12 +01:00
Alexandre Courbot
209c70953a rust: transmute: implement FromBytes and AsBytes for inhabited ZSTs
This is useful when using types that may or may not be empty in generic
code relying on these traits. It is also safe because technically a
no-op.

Reviewed-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <lossin@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251215-transmute_unit-v4-1-477d71ec7c23@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
2026-01-26 03:16:31 +01:00