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35,463 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Al Viro
6642619b3a ioctx_alloc(): fix vma (and file) leak on failure
commit deeb8525f9 upstream.

If we fail past the aio_setup_ring(), we need to destroy the
mapping.  We don't need to care about anybody having found ctx,
or added requests to it, since the last failure exit is exactly
the failure to make ctx visible to lookups.

Reproducer (based on one by Joe Mario <jmario@redhat.com>):

void count(char *p)
{
	char s[80];
	printf("%s: ", p);
	fflush(stdout);
	sprintf(s, "/bin/cat /proc/%d/maps|/bin/fgrep -c '/[aio] (deleted)'", getpid());
	system(s);
}

int main()
{
	io_context_t *ctx;
	int created, limit, i, destroyed;
	FILE *f;

	count("before");
	if ((f = fopen("/proc/sys/fs/aio-max-nr", "r")) == NULL)
		perror("opening aio-max-nr");
	else if (fscanf(f, "%d", &limit) != 1)
		fprintf(stderr, "can't parse aio-max-nr\n");
	else if ((ctx = calloc(limit, sizeof(io_context_t))) == NULL)
		perror("allocating aio_context_t array");
	else {
		for (i = 0, created = 0; i < limit; i++) {
			if (io_setup(1000, ctx + created) == 0)
				created++;
		}
		for (i = 0, destroyed = 0; i < created; i++)
			if (io_destroy(ctx[i]) == 0)
				destroyed++;
		printf("created %d, failed %d, destroyed %d\n",
			created, limit - created, destroyed);
		count("after");
	}
}

Found-by: Joe Mario <jmario@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-19 10:11:09 +02:00
Al Viro
c82bd11714 ocfs2: _really_ sync the right range
commit 64b4e2526d upstream.

"ocfs2 syncs the wrong range" had been broken; prior to it the
code was doing the wrong thing in case of O_APPEND, all right,
but _after_ it we were syncing the wrong range in 100% cases.
*ppos, aka iocb->ki_pos is incremented prior to that point,
so we are always doing sync on the area _after_ the one we'd
written to.

Spotted by Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com> back in January;
unfortunately, I'd missed his mail back then ;-/

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-19 10:11:09 +02:00
David Disseldorp
db6312ab77 cifs: fix use-after-free bug in find_writable_file
commit e1e9bda22d upstream.

Under intermittent network outages, find_writable_file() is susceptible
to the following race condition, which results in a user-after-free in
the cifs_writepages code-path:

Thread 1                                        Thread 2
========                                        ========

inv_file = NULL
refind = 0
spin_lock(&cifs_file_list_lock)

// invalidHandle found on openFileList

inv_file = open_file
// inv_file->count currently 1

cifsFileInfo_get(inv_file)
// inv_file->count = 2

spin_unlock(&cifs_file_list_lock);

cifs_reopen_file()                            cifs_close()
// fails (rc != 0)                            ->cifsFileInfo_put()
                                       spin_lock(&cifs_file_list_lock)
                                       // inv_file->count = 1
                                       spin_unlock(&cifs_file_list_lock)

spin_lock(&cifs_file_list_lock);
list_move_tail(&inv_file->flist,
      &cifs_inode->openFileList);
spin_unlock(&cifs_file_list_lock);

cifsFileInfo_put(inv_file);
->spin_lock(&cifs_file_list_lock)

  // inv_file->count = 0
  list_del(&cifs_file->flist);
  // cleanup!!
  kfree(cifs_file);

  spin_unlock(&cifs_file_list_lock);

spin_lock(&cifs_file_list_lock);
++refind;
// refind = 1
goto refind_writable;

At this point we loop back through with an invalid inv_file pointer
and a refind value of 1. On second pass, inv_file is not overwritten on
openFileList traversal, and is subsequently dereferenced.

Signed-off-by: David Disseldorp <ddiss@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-19 10:11:08 +02:00
Sachin Prabhu
8b39787234 cifs: smb2_clone_range() - exit on unhandled error
commit 2477bc58d4 upstream.

While attempting to clone a file on a samba server, we receive a
STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST. This is mapped to -EOPNOTSUPP which
isn't handled in smb2_clone_range(). We end up looping in the while loop
making same call to the samba server over and over again.

The proposed fix is to exit and return the error value when encountered
with an unhandled error.

Signed-off-by: Sachin Prabhu <sprabhu@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <steve.french@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-19 10:11:08 +02:00
David Sterba
5ab0f4da79 btrfs: simplify insert_orphan_item
commit 9c4f61f01d upstream.

We can search and add the orphan item in one go,
btrfs_insert_orphan_item will find out if the item already exists.

Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Roman Mamedov <rm@romanrm.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-19 10:11:06 +02:00
Sergei Antonov
4bcbae5481 hfsplus: fix B-tree corruption after insertion at position 0
commit 98cf21c61a upstream.

Fix B-tree corruption when a new record is inserted at position 0 in the
node in hfs_brec_insert().  In this case a hfs_brec_update_parent() is
called to update the parent index node (if exists) and it is passed
hfs_find_data with a search_key containing a newly inserted key instead
of the key to be updated.  This results in an inconsistent index node.
The bug reproduces on my machine after an extents overflow record for
the catalog file (CNID=4) is inserted into the extents overflow B-tree.
Because of a low (reserved) value of CNID=4, it has to become the first
record in the first leaf node.

The resulting first leaf node is correct:

  ----------------------------------------------------
  | key0.CNID=4 | key1.CNID=123 | key2.CNID=456, ... |
  ----------------------------------------------------

But the parent index key0 still contains the previous key CNID=123:

  -----------------------
  | key0.CNID=123 | ... |
  -----------------------

A change in hfs_brec_insert() makes hfs_brec_update_parent() work
correctly by preventing it from getting fd->record=-1 value from
__hfs_brec_find().

Along the way, I removed duplicate code with unification of the if
condition.  The resulting code is equivalent to the original code
because node is never 0.

Also hfs_brec_update_parent() will now return an error after getting a
negative fd->record value.  However, the return value of
hfs_brec_update_parent() is not checked anywhere in the file and I'm
leaving it unchanged by this patch.  brec.c lacks error checking after
some other calls too, but this issue is of less importance than the one
being fixed by this patch.

Signed-off-by: Sergei Antonov <saproj@gmail.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: Vyacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com>
Acked-by: Hin-Tak Leung <htl10@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cam.ac.uk>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-04-13 14:03:03 +02:00
Kirill A. Shutemov
26f7f4d46a pagemap: do not leak physical addresses to non-privileged userspace
commit ab676b7d6f upstream.

As pointed by recent post[1] on exploiting DRAM physical imperfection,
/proc/PID/pagemap exposes sensitive information which can be used to do
attacks.

This disallows anybody without CAP_SYS_ADMIN to read the pagemap.

[1] http://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2015/03/exploiting-dram-rowhammer-bug-to-gain.html

[ Eventually we might want to do anything more finegrained, but for now
  this is the simple model.   - Linus ]

Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Seaborn <mseaborn@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-26 15:06:57 +01:00
Ryusuke Konishi
64580cdff8 nilfs2: fix deadlock of segment constructor during recovery
commit 283ee1482f upstream.

According to a report from Yuxuan Shui, nilfs2 in kernel 3.19 got stuck
during recovery at mount time.  The code path that caused the deadlock was
as follows:

  nilfs_fill_super()
    load_nilfs()
      nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs()
        * Do roll-forwarding, attach segment constructor for recovery,
          and kick it.

        nilfs_segctor_thread()
          nilfs_segctor_thread_construct()
           * A lock is held with nilfs_transaction_lock()
             nilfs_segctor_do_construct()
               nilfs_segctor_drop_written_files()
                 iput()
                   iput_final()
                     write_inode_now()
                       writeback_single_inode()
                         __writeback_single_inode()
                           do_writepages()
                             nilfs_writepage()
                               nilfs_construct_dsync_segment()
                                 nilfs_transaction_lock() --> deadlock

This can happen if commit 7ef3ff2fea ("nilfs2: fix deadlock of segment
constructor over I_SYNC flag") is applied and roll-forward recovery was
performed at mount time.  The roll-forward recovery can happen if datasync
write is done and the file system crashes immediately after that.  For
instance, we can reproduce the issue with the following steps:

 < nilfs2 is mounted on /nilfs (device: /dev/sdb1) >
 # dd if=/dev/zero of=/nilfs/test bs=4k count=1 && sync
 # dd if=/dev/zero of=/nilfs/test conv=notrunc oflag=dsync bs=4k
 count=1 && reboot -nfh
 < the system will immediately reboot >
 # mount -t nilfs2 /dev/sdb1 /nilfs

The deadlock occurs because iput() can run segment constructor through
writeback_single_inode() if MS_ACTIVE flag is not set on sb->s_flags.  The
above commit changed segment constructor so that it calls iput()
asynchronously for inodes with i_nlink == 0, but that change was
imperfect.

This fixes the another deadlock by deferring iput() in segment constructor
even for the case that mount is not finished, that is, for the case that
MS_ACTIVE flag is not set.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Reported-by: Yuxuan Shui <yshuiv7@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-26 15:06:56 +01:00
Miklos Szeredi
07bb18dc02 fuse: notify: don't move pages
commit 0d2783626a upstream.

fuse_try_move_page() is not prepared for replacing pages that have already
been read.

Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-26 15:06:53 +01:00
Miklos Szeredi
343a1ba48b fuse: set stolen page uptodate
commit aa991b3b26 upstream.

Regular pipe buffers' ->steal method (generic_pipe_buf_steal()) doesn't set
PG_uptodate.

Don't warn on this condition, just set the uptodate flag.

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-26 15:06:52 +01:00
Trond Myklebust
e1887ec351 NFSv4: Don't call put_rpccred() under the rcu_read_lock()
commit 7c0af9ffb7 upstream.

put_rpccred() can sleep.

Fixes: 8f649c3762 ("NFSv4: Fix the locking in nfs_inode_reclaim_delegation()")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:34 +01:00
Ryusuke Konishi
ce084ba5d5 nilfs2: fix potential memory overrun on inode
commit 957ed60b53 upstream.

Each inode of nilfs2 stores a root node of a b-tree, and it turned out to
have a memory overrun issue:

Each b-tree node of nilfs2 stores a set of key-value pairs and the number
of them (in "bn_nchildren" member of nilfs_btree_node struct), as well as
a few other "bn_*" members.

Since the value of "bn_nchildren" is used for operations on the key-values
within the b-tree node, it can cause memory access overrun if a large
number is incorrectly set to "bn_nchildren".

For instance, nilfs_btree_node_lookup() function determines the range of
binary search with it, and too large "bn_nchildren" leads
nilfs_btree_node_get_key() in that function to overrun.

As for intermediate b-tree nodes, this is prevented by a sanity check
performed when each node is read from a drive, however, no sanity check
has been done for root nodes stored in inodes.

This patch fixes the issue by adding missing sanity check against b-tree
root nodes so that it's called when on-memory inodes are read from ifile,
inode metadata file.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:32 +01:00
Al Viro
bef6f8ab73 procfs: fix race between symlink removals and traversals
commit 7e0e953bb0 upstream.

use_pde()/unuse_pde() in ->follow_link()/->put_link() resp.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:31 +01:00
Al Viro
962faa265c debugfs: leave freeing a symlink body until inode eviction
commit 0db59e5929 upstream.

As it is, we have debugfs_remove() racing with symlink traversals.
Supply ->evict_inode() and do freeing there - inode will remain
pinned until we are done with the symlink body.

And rip the idiocy with checking if dentry is positive right after
we'd verified debugfs_positive(), which is a stronger check...

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:30 +01:00
Al Viro
2888d04f7a autofs4 copy_dev_ioctl(): keep the value of ->size we'd used for allocation
commit 0a280962dc upstream.

X-Coverup: just ask spender
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:30 +01:00
Quentin Casasnovas
de9b1dd6e7 Btrfs:__add_inode_ref: out of bounds memory read when looking for extended ref.
commit dd9ef135e3 upstream.

Improper arithmetics when calculting the address of the extended ref could
lead to an out of bounds memory read and kernel panic.

Signed-off-by: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:27 +01:00
Filipe Manana
93014d588b Btrfs: fix data loss in the fast fsync path
commit 3a8b36f378 upstream.

When using the fast file fsync code path we can miss the fact that new
writes happened since the last file fsync and therefore return without
waiting for the IO to finish and write the new extents to the fsync log.

Here's an example scenario where the fsync will miss the fact that new
file data exists that wasn't yet durably persisted:

1. fs_info->last_trans_committed == N - 1 and current transaction is
   transaction N (fs_info->generation == N);

2. do a buffered write;

3. fsync our inode, this clears our inode's full sync flag, starts
   an ordered extent and waits for it to complete - when it completes
   at btrfs_finish_ordered_io(), the inode's last_trans is set to the
   value N (via btrfs_update_inode_fallback -> btrfs_update_inode ->
   btrfs_set_inode_last_trans);

4. transaction N is committed, so fs_info->last_trans_committed is now
   set to the value N and fs_info->generation remains with the value N;

5. do another buffered write, when this happens btrfs_file_write_iter
   sets our inode's last_trans to the value N + 1 (that is
   fs_info->generation + 1 == N + 1);

6. transaction N + 1 is started and fs_info->generation now has the
   value N + 1;

7. transaction N + 1 is committed, so fs_info->last_trans_committed
   is set to the value N + 1;

8. fsync our inode - because it doesn't have the full sync flag set,
   we only start the ordered extent, we don't wait for it to complete
   (only in a later phase) therefore its last_trans field has the
   value N + 1 set previously by btrfs_file_write_iter(), and so we
   have:

       inode->last_trans <= fs_info->last_trans_committed
           (N + 1)              (N + 1)

   Which made us not log the last buffered write and exit the fsync
   handler immediately, returning success (0) to user space and resulting
   in data loss after a crash.

This can actually be triggered deterministically and the following excerpt
from a testcase I made for xfstests triggers the issue. It moves a dummy
file across directories and then fsyncs the old parent directory - this
is just to trigger a transaction commit, so moving files around isn't
directly related to the issue but it was chosen because running 'sync' for
example does more than just committing the current transaction, as it
flushes/waits for all file data to be persisted. The issue can also happen
at random periods, since the transaction kthread periodicaly commits the
current transaction (about every 30 seconds by default).
The body of the test is:

  _scratch_mkfs >> $seqres.full 2>&1
  _init_flakey
  _mount_flakey

  # Create our main test file 'foo', the one we check for data loss.
  # By doing an fsync against our file, it makes btrfs clear the 'needs_full_sync'
  # bit from its flags (btrfs inode specific flags).
  $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xaa 0 8K" \
                  -c "fsync" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo | _filter_xfs_io

  # Now create one other file and 2 directories. We will move this second file
  # from one directory to the other later because it forces btrfs to commit its
  # currently open transaction if we fsync the old parent directory. This is
  # necessary to trigger the data loss bug that affected btrfs.
  mkdir $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_1
  touch $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_1/bar
  mkdir $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_2

  # Make sure everything is durably persisted.
  sync

  # Write more 8Kb of data to our file.
  $XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 8K 8K" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo | _filter_xfs_io

  # Move our 'bar' file into a new directory.
  mv $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_1/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_2/bar

  # Fsync our first directory. Because it had a file moved into some other
  # directory, this made btrfs commit the currently open transaction. This is
  # a condition necessary to trigger the data loss bug.
  $XFS_IO_PROG -c "fsync" $SCRATCH_MNT/testdir_1

  # Now fsync our main test file. If the fsync succeeds, we expect the 8Kb of
  # data we wrote previously to be persisted and available if a crash happens.
  # This did not happen with btrfs, because of the transaction commit that
  # happened when we fsynced the parent directory.
  $XFS_IO_PROG -c "fsync" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo

  # Simulate a crash/power loss.
  _load_flakey_table $FLAKEY_DROP_WRITES
  _unmount_flakey

  _load_flakey_table $FLAKEY_ALLOW_WRITES
  _mount_flakey

  # Now check that all data we wrote before are available.
  echo "File content after log replay:"
  od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo

  status=0
  exit

The expected golden output for the test, which is what we get with this
fix applied (or when running against ext3/4 and xfs), is:

  wrote 8192/8192 bytes at offset 0
  XXX Bytes, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
  wrote 8192/8192 bytes at offset 8192
  XXX Bytes, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
  File content after log replay:
  0000000 aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
  *
  0020000 bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb
  *
  0040000

Without this fix applied, the output shows the test file does not have
the second 8Kb extent that we successfully fsynced:

  wrote 8192/8192 bytes at offset 0
  XXX Bytes, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
  wrote 8192/8192 bytes at offset 8192
  XXX Bytes, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
  File content after log replay:
  0000000 aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa
  *
  0020000

So fix this by skipping the fsync only if we're doing a full sync and
if the inode's last_trans is <= fs_info->last_trans_committed, or if
the inode is already in the log. Also remove setting the inode's
last_trans in btrfs_file_write_iter since it's useless/unreliable.

Also because btrfs_file_write_iter no longer sets inode->last_trans to
fs_info->generation + 1, don't set last_trans to 0 if we bail out and don't
bail out if last_trans is 0, otherwise something as simple as the following
example wouldn't log the second write on the last fsync:

  1. write to file

  2. fsync file

  3. fsync file
       |--> btrfs_inode_in_log() returns true and it set last_trans to 0

  4. write to file
       |--> btrfs_file_write_iter() no longers sets last_trans, so it
            remained with a value of 0
  5. fsync
       |--> inode->last_trans == 0, so it bails out without logging the
            second write

A test case for xfstests will be sent soon.

Signed-off-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:27 +01:00
David Sterba
d3decd5494 btrfs: fix lost return value due to variable shadowing
commit 1932b7be97 upstream.

A block-local variable stores error code but btrfs_get_blocks_direct may
not return it in the end as there's a ret defined in the function scope.

Fixes: d187663ef2 ("Btrfs: lock extents as we map them in DIO")
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-18 13:31:27 +01:00
Hector Marco-Gisbert
14a3e0c960 x86, mm/ASLR: Fix stack randomization on 64-bit systems
commit 4e7c22d447 upstream.

The issue is that the stack for processes is not properly randomized on
64 bit architectures due to an integer overflow.

The affected function is randomize_stack_top() in file
"fs/binfmt_elf.c":

  static unsigned long randomize_stack_top(unsigned long stack_top)
  {
           unsigned int random_variable = 0;

           if ((current->flags & PF_RANDOMIZE) &&
                   !(current->personality & ADDR_NO_RANDOMIZE)) {
                   random_variable = get_random_int() & STACK_RND_MASK;
                   random_variable <<= PAGE_SHIFT;
           }
           return PAGE_ALIGN(stack_top) + random_variable;
           return PAGE_ALIGN(stack_top) - random_variable;
  }

Note that, it declares the "random_variable" variable as "unsigned int".
Since the result of the shifting operation between STACK_RND_MASK (which
is 0x3fffff on x86_64, 22 bits) and PAGE_SHIFT (which is 12 on x86_64):

	  random_variable <<= PAGE_SHIFT;

then the two leftmost bits are dropped when storing the result in the
"random_variable". This variable shall be at least 34 bits long to hold
the (22+12) result.

These two dropped bits have an impact on the entropy of process stack.
Concretely, the total stack entropy is reduced by four: from 2^28 to
2^30 (One fourth of expected entropy).

This patch restores back the entropy by correcting the types involved
in the operations in the functions randomize_stack_top() and
stack_maxrandom_size().

The successful fix can be tested with:

  $ for i in `seq 1 10`; do cat /proc/self/maps | grep stack; done
  7ffeda566000-7ffeda587000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [stack]
  7fff5a332000-7fff5a353000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [stack]
  7ffcdb7a1000-7ffcdb7c2000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [stack]
  7ffd5e2c4000-7ffd5e2e5000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                          [stack]
  ...

Once corrected, the leading bytes should be between 7ffc and 7fff,
rather than always being 7fff.

Signed-off-by: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Signed-off-by: Ismael Ripoll <iripoll@upv.es>
[ Rebased, fixed 80 char bugs, cleaned up commit message, added test example and CVE ]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Fixes: CVE-2015-1593
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150214173350.GA18393@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:32 -08:00
David Sterba
f9e2ba638c btrfs: fix leak of path in btrfs_find_item
commit 381cf6587f upstream.

If btrfs_find_item is called with NULL path it allocates one locally but
does not free it. Affected paths are inserting an orphan item for a file
and for a subvol root.

Move the path allocation to the callers.

Fixes: 3f870c2899 ("btrfs: expand btrfs_find_item() to include find_orphan_item functionality")
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:32 -08:00
David Sterba
74e42361fa btrfs: set proper message level for skinny metadata
commit 5efa0490cc upstream.

This has been confusing people for too long, the message is really just
informative.

Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:32 -08:00
Chen Jie
b82eaa1b48 jffs2: fix handling of corrupted summary length
commit 164c24063a upstream.

sm->offset maybe wrong but magic maybe right, the offset do not have CRC.

Badness at c00c7580 [verbose debug info unavailable]
NIP: c00c7580 LR: c00c718c CTR: 00000014
REGS: df07bb40 TRAP: 0700   Not tainted  (2.6.34.13-WR4.3.0.0_standard)
MSR: 00029000 <EE,ME,CE>  CR: 22084f84  XER: 00000000
TASK = df84d6e0[908] 'mount' THREAD: df07a000
GPR00: 00000001 df07bbf0 df84d6e0 00000000 00000001 00000000 df07bb58 00000041
GPR08: 00000041 c0638860 00000000 00000010 22084f88 100636c8 df814ff8 00000000
GPR16: df84d6e0 dfa558cc c05adb90 00000048 c0452d30 00000000 000240d0 000040d0
GPR24: 00000014 c05ae734 c05be2e0 00000000 00000001 00000000 00000000 c05ae730
NIP [c00c7580] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x4d0/0x638
LR [c00c718c] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0xdc/0x638
Call Trace:
[df07bbf0] [c00c718c] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0xdc/0x638 (unreliable)
[df07bc90] [c00c7708] __get_free_pages+0x20/0x48
[df07bca0] [c00f4a40] __kmalloc+0x15c/0x1ec
[df07bcd0] [c01fc880] jffs2_scan_medium+0xa58/0x14d0
[df07bd70] [c01ff38c] jffs2_do_mount_fs+0x1f4/0x6b4
[df07bdb0] [c020144c] jffs2_do_fill_super+0xa8/0x260
[df07bdd0] [c020230c] jffs2_fill_super+0x104/0x184
[df07be00] [c0335814] get_sb_mtd_aux+0x9c/0xec
[df07be20] [c033596c] get_sb_mtd+0x84/0x1e8
[df07be60] [c0201ed0] jffs2_get_sb+0x1c/0x2c
[df07be70] [c0103898] vfs_kern_mount+0x78/0x1e8
[df07bea0] [c0103a58] do_kern_mount+0x40/0x100
[df07bec0] [c011fe90] do_mount+0x240/0x890
[df07bf10] [c0120570] sys_mount+0x90/0xd8
[df07bf40] [c00110d8] ret_from_syscall+0x0/0x4

=== Exception: c01 at 0xff61a34
    LR = 0x100135f0
Instruction dump:
38800005 38600000 48010f41 4bfffe1c 4bfc2d15 4bfffe8c 72e90200 4082fc28
3d20c064 39298860 8809000d 68000001 <0f000000> 2f800000 419efc0c 38000001
mount: mounting /dev/mtdblock3 on /common failed: Input/output error

Signed-off-by: Chen Jie <chenjie6@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:32 -08:00
Jan Kara
6d135a3dbf xfs: Fix quota type in quota structures when reusing quota file
commit dfcc70a8c8 upstream.

For filesystems without separate project quota inode field in the
superblock we just reuse project quota file for group quotas (and vice
versa) if project quota file is allocated and we need group quota file.
When we reuse the file, quota structures on disk suddenly have wrong
type stored in d_flags though. Nobody really cares about this (although
structure type reported to userspace was wrong as well) except
that after commit 14bf61ffe6 (quota: Switch ->get_dqblk() and
->set_dqblk() to use bytes as space units) assertion in
xfs_qm_scall_getquota() started to trigger on xfs/106 test (apparently I
was testing without XFS_DEBUG so I didn't notice when submitting the
above commit).

Fix the problem by properly resetting ddq->d_flags when running quotacheck
for a quota file.

Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:31 -08:00
Trond Myklebust
5c88a9da64 NFSv4.1: Fix a kfree() of uninitialised pointers in decode_cb_sequence_args
commit d8ba1f9714 upstream.

If the call to decode_rc_list() fails due to a memory allocation error,
then we need to truncate the array size to ensure that we only call
kfree() on those pointer that were allocated.

Reported-by: David Ramos <daramos@stanford.edu>
Fixes: 4aece6a19c ("nfs41: cb_sequence xdr implementation")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:29 -08:00
Jeff Layton
50b2d089d3 nfs: don't call blocking operations while !TASK_RUNNING
commit 6ffa30d3f7 upstream.

Bruce reported seeing this warning pop when mounting using v4.1:

     ------------[ cut here ]------------
     WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1121 at kernel/sched/core.c:7300 __might_sleep+0xbd/0xd0()
    do not call blocking ops when !TASK_RUNNING; state=1 set at [<ffffffff810ff58f>] prepare_to_wait+0x2f/0x90
    Modules linked in: rpcsec_gss_krb5 auth_rpcgss nfsv4 dns_resolver nfs lockd grace sunrpc fscache ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6 xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 ip6table_mangle ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw snd_hda_codec_generic snd_hda_intel snd_hda_controller snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_timer ppdev joydev snd virtio_console virtio_balloon pcspkr serio_raw parport_pc parport pvpanic floppy soundcore i2c_piix4 virtio_blk virtio_net qxl drm_kms_helper ttm drm virtio_pci virtio_ring ata_generic virtio pata_acpi
    CPU: 1 PID: 1121 Comm: nfsv4.1-svc Not tainted 3.19.0-rc4+ #25
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.7.5-20140709_153950- 04/01/2014
     0000000000000000 000000004e5e3f73 ffff8800b998fb48 ffffffff8186ac78
     0000000000000000 ffff8800b998fba0 ffff8800b998fb88 ffffffff810ac9da
     ffff8800b998fb68 ffffffff81c923e7 00000000000004d9 0000000000000000
    Call Trace:
     [<ffffffff8186ac78>] dump_stack+0x4c/0x65
     [<ffffffff810ac9da>] warn_slowpath_common+0x8a/0xc0
     [<ffffffff810aca65>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x55/0x70
     [<ffffffff810ff58f>] ? prepare_to_wait+0x2f/0x90
     [<ffffffff810ff58f>] ? prepare_to_wait+0x2f/0x90
     [<ffffffff810dd2ad>] __might_sleep+0xbd/0xd0
     [<ffffffff8124c973>] kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x243/0x430
     [<ffffffff810d941e>] ? groups_alloc+0x3e/0x130
     [<ffffffff810d941e>] groups_alloc+0x3e/0x130
     [<ffffffffa0301b1e>] svcauth_unix_accept+0x16e/0x290 [sunrpc]
     [<ffffffffa0300571>] svc_authenticate+0xe1/0xf0 [sunrpc]
     [<ffffffffa02fc564>] svc_process_common+0x244/0x6a0 [sunrpc]
     [<ffffffffa02fd044>] bc_svc_process+0x1c4/0x260 [sunrpc]
     [<ffffffffa03d5478>] nfs41_callback_svc+0x128/0x1f0 [nfsv4]
     [<ffffffff810ff970>] ? wait_woken+0xc0/0xc0
     [<ffffffffa03d5350>] ? nfs4_callback_svc+0x60/0x60 [nfsv4]
     [<ffffffff810d45bf>] kthread+0x11f/0x140
     [<ffffffff810ea815>] ? local_clock+0x15/0x30
     [<ffffffff810d44a0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x250/0x250
     [<ffffffff81874bfc>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
     [<ffffffff810d44a0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x250/0x250
    ---[ end trace 675220a11e30f4f2 ]---

nfs41_callback_svc does most of its work while in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,
which is just wrong. Fix that by finishing the wait immediately if we've
found that the list has something on it.

Also, we don't expect this kthread to accept signals, so we should be
using a TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE sleep instead. That however, opens us up
hung task warnings from the watchdog, so have the schedule_timeout
wake up every 60s if there's no callback activity.

Reported-by: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:27 -08:00
Dave Chinner
2c6ebd821d xfs: set superblock buffer type correctly
commit 3443a3bca5 upstream.

When the superblock is modified in a transaction, the commonly
modified fields are not actually copied to the superblock buffer to
avoid the buffer lock becoming a serialisation point. However, there
are some other operations that modify the superblock fields within
the transaction that don't directly log to the superblock but rely
on the changes to be applied during the transaction commit (to
minimise the buffer lock hold time).

When we do this, we fail to mark the buffer log item as being a
superblock buffer and that can lead to the buffer not being marked
with the corect type in the log and hence causing recovery issues.
Fix it by setting the type correctly, similar to xfs_mod_sb()...

Tested-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:23 -08:00
Dave Chinner
d4fc1dd5a9 xfs: inode unlink does not set AGI buffer type
commit f19b872b08 upstream.

This leads to log recovery throwing errors like:

XFS (md0): Mounting V5 Filesystem
XFS (md0): Starting recovery (logdev: internal)
XFS (md0): Unknown buffer type 0!
XFS (md0): _xfs_buf_ioapply: no ops on block 0xaea8802/0x1
ffff8800ffc53800: 58 41 47 49 .....

Which is the AGI buffer magic number.

Ensure that we set the type appropriately in both unlink list
addition and removal.

Tested-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:23 -08:00
Dave Chinner
9c1f6f2295 xfs: ensure buffer types are set correctly
commit 0d612fb570 upstream.

Jan Kara reported that log recovery was finding buffers with invalid
types in them. This should not happen, and indicates a bug in the
logging of buffers. To catch this, add asserts to the buffer
formatting code to ensure that the buffer type is in range when the
transaction is committed.

We don't set a type on buffers being marked stale - they are not
going to get replayed, the format item exists only for recovery to
be able to prevent replay of the buffer, so the type does not
matter. Hence that needs special casing here.

Reported-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-03-06 14:43:22 -08:00
Dmitry Monakhov
0711034360 ext4: prevent bugon on race between write/fcntl
commit a41537e69b upstream.

O_DIRECT flags can be toggeled via fcntl(F_SETFL). But this value checked
twice inside ext4_file_write_iter() and __generic_file_write() which
result in BUG_ON inside ext4_direct_IO.

Let's initialize iocb->private unconditionally.

TESTCASE: xfstest:generic/036  https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/402445/

#TYPICAL STACK TRACE:
kernel BUG at fs/ext4/inode.c:2960!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: brd iTCO_wdt lpc_ich mfd_core igb ptp dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
CPU: 6 PID: 5505 Comm: aio-dio-fcntl-r Not tainted 3.17.0-rc2-00176-gff5c017 #161
Hardware name: Intel Corporation W2600CR/W2600CR, BIOS SE5C600.86B.99.99.x028.061320111235 06/13/2011
task: ffff88080e95a7c0 ti: ffff88080f908000 task.ti: ffff88080f908000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff811fabf2>]  [<ffffffff811fabf2>] ext4_direct_IO+0x162/0x3d0
RSP: 0018:ffff88080f90bb58  EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000400 RBX: ffff88080fdb2a28 RCX: 00000000a802c818
RDX: 0000040000080000 RSI: ffff88080d8aeb80 RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: ffff88080f90bbc8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000001581
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88080d8aeb80
R13: ffff88080f90bbf8 R14: ffff88080fdb28c8 R15: ffff88080fdb2a28
FS:  00007f23b2055700(0000) GS:ffff880818400000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f23b2045000 CR3: 000000080cedf000 CR4: 00000000000407e0
Stack:
 ffff88080f90bb98 0000000000000000 7ffffffffffffffe ffff88080fdb2c30
 0000000000000200 0000000000000200 0000000000000001 0000000000000200
 ffff88080f90bbc8 ffff88080fdb2c30 ffff88080f90be08 0000000000000200
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8112ca9d>] generic_file_direct_write+0xed/0x180
 [<ffffffff8112f2b2>] __generic_file_write_iter+0x222/0x370
 [<ffffffff811f495b>] ext4_file_write_iter+0x34b/0x400
 [<ffffffff811bd709>] ? aio_run_iocb+0x239/0x410
 [<ffffffff811bd709>] ? aio_run_iocb+0x239/0x410
 [<ffffffff810990e5>] ? local_clock+0x25/0x30
 [<ffffffff810abd94>] ? __lock_acquire+0x274/0x700
 [<ffffffff811f4610>] ? ext4_unwritten_wait+0xb0/0xb0
 [<ffffffff811bd756>] aio_run_iocb+0x286/0x410
 [<ffffffff810990e5>] ? local_clock+0x25/0x30
 [<ffffffff810ac359>] ? lock_release_holdtime+0x29/0x190
 [<ffffffff811bc05b>] ? lookup_ioctx+0x4b/0xf0
 [<ffffffff811bde3b>] do_io_submit+0x55b/0x740
 [<ffffffff811bdcaa>] ? do_io_submit+0x3ca/0x740
 [<ffffffff811be030>] SyS_io_submit+0x10/0x20
 [<ffffffff815ce192>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Code: 01 48 8b 80 f0 01 00 00 48 8b 18 49 8b 45 10 0f 85 f1 01 00 00 48 03 45 c8 48 3b 43 48 0f 8f e3 01 00 00 49 83 7c
24 18 00 75 04 <0f> 0b eb fe f0 ff 83 ec 01 00 00 49 8b 44 24 18 8b 00 85 c0 89
RIP  [<ffffffff811fabf2>] ext4_direct_IO+0x162/0x3d0
 RSP <ffff88080f90bb58>

Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
[hujianyang: Backported to 3.10
 - Move initialization of iocb->private to ext4_file_write() as we don't
   have ext4_file_write_iter(), which is introduced by commit 9b884164.
 - Adjust context to make 'overwrite' changes apply to ext4_file_dio_write()
   as ext4_file_dio_write() is not move into ext4_file_write()]
Signed-off-by: hujianyang <hujianyang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-11 14:54:48 +08:00
Ryusuke Konishi
52e87609d9 nilfs2: fix deadlock of segment constructor over I_SYNC flag
commit 7ef3ff2fea upstream.

Nilfs2 eventually hangs in a stress test with fsstress program.  This
issue was caused by the following deadlock over I_SYNC flag between
nilfs_segctor_thread() and writeback_sb_inodes():

  nilfs_segctor_thread()
    nilfs_segctor_thread_construct()
      nilfs_segctor_unlock()
        nilfs_dispose_list()
          iput()
            iput_final()
              evict()
                inode_wait_for_writeback()  * wait for I_SYNC flag

  writeback_sb_inodes()
     * set I_SYNC flag on inode->i_state
    __writeback_single_inode()
      do_writepages()
        nilfs_writepages()
          nilfs_construct_dsync_segment()
            nilfs_segctor_sync()
               * wait for completion of segment constructor
    inode_sync_complete()
       * clear I_SYNC flag after __writeback_single_inode() completed

writeback_sb_inodes() calls do_writepages() for dirty inodes after
setting I_SYNC flag on inode->i_state.  do_writepages() in turn calls
nilfs_writepages(), which can run segment constructor and wait for its
completion.  On the other hand, segment constructor calls iput(), which
can call evict() and wait for the I_SYNC flag on
inode_wait_for_writeback().

Since segment constructor doesn't know when I_SYNC will be set, it
cannot know whether iput() will block or not unless inode->i_nlink has a
non-zero count.  We can prevent evict() from being called in iput() by
implementing sop->drop_inode(), but it's not preferable to leave inodes
with i_nlink == 0 for long periods because it even defers file
truncation and inode deallocation.  So, this instead resolves the
deadlock by calling iput() asynchronously with a workqueue for inodes
with i_nlink == 0.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Tested-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-11 14:54:47 +08:00
Sachin Prabhu
7af7e9a452 Complete oplock break jobs before closing file handle
commit ca7df8e0bb upstream.

Commit
c11f1df500
requires writers to wait for any pending oplock break handler to
complete before proceeding to write. This is done by waiting on bit
CIFS_INODE_PENDING_OPLOCK_BREAK in cifsFileInfo->flags. This bit is
cleared by the oplock break handler job queued on the workqueue once it
has completed handling the oplock break allowing writers to proceed with
writing to the file.

While testing, it was noticed that the filehandle could be closed while
there is a pending oplock break which results in the oplock break
handler on the cifsiod workqueue being cancelled before it has had a
chance to execute and clear the CIFS_INODE_PENDING_OPLOCK_BREAK bit.
Any subsequent attempt to write to this file hangs waiting for the
CIFS_INODE_PENDING_OPLOCK_BREAK bit to be cleared.

We fix this by ensuring that we also clear the bit
CIFS_INODE_PENDING_OPLOCK_BREAK when we remove the oplock break handler
from the workqueue.

The bug was found by Red Hat QA while testing using ltp's fsstress
command.

Signed-off-by: Sachin Prabhu <sprabhu@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Shirish Pargaonkar <shirishpargaonkar@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <steve.french@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-11 14:54:47 +08:00
Liu ShuoX
c1f4213810 pstore: Fix NULL pointer fault if get NULL prz in ramoops_get_next_prz
commit b0aa931fb8 upstream.

ramoops_get_next_prz get the prz according the paramters. If it get a
uninitialized prz, access its members by following persistent_ram_old_size(prz)
will cause a NULL pointer crash.
Ex: if ftrace_size is 0, fprz will be NULL.

Fix it by return NULL in advance.

Signed-off-by: Liu ShuoX <shuox.liu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: HuKeping <hukeping@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-05 22:35:52 -08:00
Liu ShuoX
b310479c59 pstore: skip zero size persistent ram buffer in traverse
commit aa9a4a1edf upstream.

In ramoops_pstore_read, a valid prz pointer with zero size buffer will
break traverse of all persistent ram buffers.  The latter buffer might be
lost.

Signed-off-by: Liu ShuoX <shuox.liu@intel.com>
Cc: "Zhang, Yanmin" <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: HuKeping <hukeping@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-05 22:35:52 -08:00
Liu ShuoX
90ebdaa3d0 pstore: clarify clearing of _read_cnt in ramoops_context
commit 57fd835385 upstream.

*_read_cnt in ramoops_context need to be cleared during pstore ->open to
support mutli times getting the records.  The patch added missed
ftrace_read_cnt clearing and removed duplicate clearing in ramoops_probe.

Signed-off-by: Liu ShuoX <shuox.liu@intel.com>
Cc: "Zhang, Yanmin" <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: HuKeping <hukeping@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-05 22:35:51 -08:00
Trond Myklebust
6c90be6618 NFSv4.1: Fix an Oops in nfs41_walk_client_list
commit 3175e1dcec upstream.

If we start state recovery on a client that failed to initialise correctly,
then we are very likely to Oops.

Reported-by: "Mkrtchyan, Tigran" <tigran.mkrtchyan@desy.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/130621862.279655.1421851650684.JavaMail.zimbra@desy.de
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-05 22:35:50 -08:00
Peng Tao
1066a175c7 nfs: fix dio deadlock when O_DIRECT flag is flipped
commit ee8a1a8b16 upstream.

We only support swap file calling nfs_direct_IO. However, application
might be able to get to nfs_direct_IO if it toggles O_DIRECT flag
during IO and it can deadlock because we grab inode->i_mutex in
nfs_file_direct_write(). So return 0 for such case. Then the generic
layer will fall back to buffer IO.

Signed-off-by: Peng Tao <tao.peng@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-02-05 22:35:50 -08:00
Mel Gorman
35dbe179fe mm: non-atomically mark page accessed during page cache allocation where possible
commit 2457aec637 upstream.

aops->write_begin may allocate a new page and make it visible only to have
mark_page_accessed called almost immediately after.  Once the page is
visible the atomic operations are necessary which is noticable overhead
when writing to an in-memory filesystem like tmpfs but should also be
noticable with fast storage.  The objective of the patch is to initialse
the accessed information with non-atomic operations before the page is
visible.

The bulk of filesystems directly or indirectly use
grab_cache_page_write_begin or find_or_create_page for the initial
allocation of a page cache page.  This patch adds an init_page_accessed()
helper which behaves like the first call to mark_page_accessed() but may
called before the page is visible and can be done non-atomically.

The primary APIs of concern in this care are the following and are used
by most filesystems.

	find_get_page
	find_lock_page
	find_or_create_page
	grab_cache_page_nowait
	grab_cache_page_write_begin

All of them are very similar in detail to the patch creates a core helper
pagecache_get_page() which takes a flags parameter that affects its
behavior such as whether the page should be marked accessed or not.  Then
old API is preserved but is basically a thin wrapper around this core
function.

Each of the filesystems are then updated to avoid calling
mark_page_accessed when it is known that the VM interfaces have already
done the job.  There is a slight snag in that the timing of the
mark_page_accessed() has now changed so in rare cases it's possible a page
gets to the end of the LRU as PageReferenced where as previously it might
have been repromoted.  This is expected to be rare but it's worth the
filesystem people thinking about it in case they see a problem with the
timing change.  It is also the case that some filesystems may be marking
pages accessed that previously did not but it makes sense that filesystems
have consistent behaviour in this regard.

The test case used to evaulate this is a simple dd of a large file done
multiple times with the file deleted on each iterations.  The size of the
file is 1/10th physical memory to avoid dirty page balancing.  In the
async case it will be possible that the workload completes without even
hitting the disk and will have variable results but highlight the impact
of mark_page_accessed for async IO.  The sync results are expected to be
more stable.  The exception is tmpfs where the normal case is for the "IO"
to not hit the disk.

The test machine was single socket and UMA to avoid any scheduling or NUMA
artifacts.  Throughput and wall times are presented for sync IO, only wall
times are shown for async as the granularity reported by dd and the
variability is unsuitable for comparison.  As async results were variable
do to writback timings, I'm only reporting the maximum figures.  The sync
results were stable enough to make the mean and stddev uninteresting.

The performance results are reported based on a run with no profiling.
Profile data is based on a separate run with oprofile running.

async dd
                                    3.15.0-rc3            3.15.0-rc3
                                       vanilla           accessed-v2
ext3    Max      elapsed     13.9900 (  0.00%)     11.5900 ( 17.16%)
tmpfs	Max      elapsed      0.5100 (  0.00%)      0.4900 (  3.92%)
btrfs   Max      elapsed     12.8100 (  0.00%)     12.7800 (  0.23%)
ext4	Max      elapsed     18.6000 (  0.00%)     13.3400 ( 28.28%)
xfs	Max      elapsed     12.5600 (  0.00%)      2.0900 ( 83.36%)

The XFS figure is a bit strange as it managed to avoid a worst case by
sheer luck but the average figures looked reasonable.

        samples percentage
ext3       86107    0.9783  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-vanilla        mark_page_accessed
ext3       23833    0.2710  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 mark_page_accessed
ext3        5036    0.0573  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 init_page_accessed
ext4       64566    0.8961  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-vanilla        mark_page_accessed
ext4        5322    0.0713  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 mark_page_accessed
ext4        2869    0.0384  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 init_page_accessed
xfs        62126    1.7675  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-vanilla        mark_page_accessed
xfs         1904    0.0554  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 init_page_accessed
xfs          103    0.0030  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 mark_page_accessed
btrfs      10655    0.1338  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-vanilla        mark_page_accessed
btrfs       2020    0.0273  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 init_page_accessed
btrfs        587    0.0079  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 mark_page_accessed
tmpfs      59562    3.2628  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-vanilla        mark_page_accessed
tmpfs       1210    0.0696  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 init_page_accessed
tmpfs         94    0.0054  vmlinux-3.15.0-rc4-accessed-v3r25 mark_page_accessed

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: don't run init_page_accessed() against an uninitialised pointer]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Prabhakar Lad <prabhakar.csengg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-29 17:40:52 -08:00
Mel Gorman
45f8d6eb30 fs: buffer: do not use unnecessary atomic operations when discarding buffers
commit e7470ee89f upstream.

Discarding buffers uses a bunch of atomic operations when discarding
buffers because ......  I can't think of a reason.  Use a cmpxchg loop to
clear all the necessary flags.  In most (all?) cases this will be a single
atomic operations.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: move BUFFER_FLAGS_DISCARD into the .c file]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-29 17:40:52 -08:00
Mel Gorman
5cfde3e59e mm: page_alloc: convert hot/cold parameter and immediate callers to bool
commit b745bc85f2 upstream.

cold is a bool, make it one.  Make the likely case the "if" part of the
block instead of the else as according to the optimisation manual this is
preferred.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-29 17:40:51 -08:00
Al Viro
ba7883e486 fix deadlock in cifs_ioctl_clone()
commit 378ff1a53b upstream.

It really needs to check that src is non-directory *and* use
{un,}lock_two_nodirectories().  As it is, it's trivial to cause
double-lock (ioctl(fd, CIFS_IOC_COPYCHUNK_FILE, fd)) and if the
last argument is an fd of directory, we are asking for trouble
by violating the locking order - all directories go before all
non-directories.  If the last argument is an fd of parent
directory, it has 50% odds of locking child before parent,
which will cause AB-BA deadlock if we race with unlink().

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-29 17:40:49 -08:00
Jerry Hoemann
00a3ce6d49 fsnotify: next_i is freed during fsnotify_unmount_inodes.
commit 6424babfd6 upstream.

During file system stress testing on 3.10 and 3.12 based kernels, the
umount command occasionally hung in fsnotify_unmount_inodes in the
section of code:

                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
                if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE|I_NEW)) {
                        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                        continue;
                }

As this section of code holds the global inode_sb_list_lock, eventually
the system hangs trying to acquire the lock.

Multiple crash dumps showed:

The inode->i_state == 0x60 and i_count == 0 and i_sb_list would point
back at itself.  As this is not the value of list upon entry to the
function, the kernel never exits the loop.

To help narrow down problem, the call to list_del_init in
inode_sb_list_del was changed to list_del.  This poisons the pointers in
the i_sb_list and causes a kernel to panic if it transverse a freed
inode.

Subsequent stress testing paniced in fsnotify_unmount_inodes at the
bottom of the list_for_each_entry_safe loop showing next_i had become
free.

We believe the root cause of the problem is that next_i is being freed
during the window of time that the list_for_each_entry_safe loop
temporarily releases inode_sb_list_lock to call fsnotify and
fsnotify_inode_delete.

The code in fsnotify_unmount_inodes attempts to prevent the freeing of
inode and next_i by calling __iget.  However, the code doesn't do the
__iget call on next_i

	if i_count == 0 or
	if i_state & (I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)

The patch addresses this issue by advancing next_i in the above two cases
until we either find a next_i which we can __iget or we reach the end of
the list.  This makes the handling of next_i more closely match the
handling of the variable "inode."

The time to reproduce the hang is highly variable (from hours to days.) We
ran the stress test on a 3.10 kernel with the proposed patch for a week
without failure.

During list_for_each_entry_safe, next_i is becoming free causing
the loop to never terminate.  Advance next_i in those cases where
__iget is not done.

Signed-off-by: Jerry Hoemann <jerry.hoemann@hp.com>
Cc: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Cc: Ken Helias <kenhelias@firemail.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-27 08:18:59 -08:00
Trond Myklebust
7055233b96 LOCKD: Fix a race when initialising nlmsvc_timeout
commit 06bed7d18c upstream.

This commit fixes a race whereby nlmclnt_init() first starts the lockd
daemon, and then calls nlm_bind_host() with the expectation that
nlmsvc_timeout has already been initialised. Unfortunately, there is no
no synchronisation between lockd() and lockd_up() to guarantee that this
is the case.

Fix is to move the initialisation of nlmsvc_timeout into lockd_create_svc

Fixes: 9a1b6bf818 ("LOCKD: Don't call utsname()->nodename...")
Cc: Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.10.x
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-27 08:18:58 -08:00
Trond Myklebust
b047a36f1d NFSv4.1: Fix client id trunking on Linux
commit 1fc0703af3 upstream.

Currently, our trunking code will check for session trunking, but will
fail to detect client id trunking. This is a problem, because it means
that the client will fail to recognise that the two connections represent
shared state, even if they do not permit a shared session.
By removing the check for the server minor id, and only checking the
major id, we will end up doing the right thing in both cases: we close
down the new nfs_client and fall back to using the existing one.

Fixes: 05f4c350ee ("NFS: Discover NFSv4 server trunking when mounting")
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-27 08:18:56 -08:00
Thomas Gleixner
5666a3de7a genirq: Prevent proc race against freeing of irq descriptors
commit c291ee6221 upstream.

Since the rework of the sparse interrupt code to actually free the
unused interrupt descriptors there exists a race between the /proc
interfaces to the irq subsystem and the code which frees the interrupt
descriptor.

CPU0				CPU1
				show_interrupts()
				  desc = irq_to_desc(X);
free_desc(desc)
  remove_from_radix_tree();
  kfree(desc);
				  raw_spinlock_irq(&desc->lock);

/proc/interrupts is the only interface which can actively corrupt
kernel memory via the lock access. /proc/stat can only read from freed
memory. Extremly hard to trigger, but possible.

The interfaces in /proc/irq/N/ are not affected by this because the
removal of the proc file is serialized in procfs against concurrent
readers/writers. The removal happens before the descriptor is freed.

For architectures which have CONFIG_SPARSE_IRQ=n this is a non issue
as the descriptor is never freed. It's merely cleared out with the irq
descriptor lock held. So any concurrent proc access will either see
the old correct value or the cleared out ones.

Protect the lookup and access to the irq descriptor in
show_interrupts() with the sparse_irq_lock.

Provide kstat_irqs_usr() which is protecting the lookup and access
with sparse_irq_lock and switch /proc/stat to use it.

Document the existing kstat_irqs interfaces so it's clear that the
caller needs to take care about protection. The users of these
interfaces are either not affected due to SPARSE_IRQ=n or already
protected against removal.

Fixes: 1f5a5b87f7 "genirq: Implement a sane sparse_irq allocator"
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-27 08:18:55 -08:00
Chris Mason
3341738696 Btrfs: don't delay inode ref updates during log replay
commit 6f8960541b upstream.

Commit 1d52c78afb (Btrfs: try not to ENOSPC on log replay) added a
check to skip delayed inode updates during log replay because it
confuses the enospc code.  But the delayed processing will end up
ignoring delayed refs from log replay because the inode itself wasn't
put through the delayed code.

This can end up triggering a warning at commit time:

WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 778 at fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1410 btrfs_assert_delayed_root_empty+0x32/0x34()

Which is repeated for each commit because we never process the delayed
inode ref update.

The fix used here is to change btrfs_delayed_delete_inode_ref to return
an error if we're currently in log replay.  The caller will do the ref
deletion immediately and everything will work properly.

Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:34 -08:00
Ryusuke Konishi
1cde12540b nilfs2: fix the nilfs_iget() vs. nilfs_new_inode() races
commit 705304a863 upstream.

Same story as in commit 41080b5a24 ("nfsd race fixes: ext2") (similar
ext2 fix) except that nilfs2 needs to use insert_inode_locked4() instead
of insert_inode_locked() and a bug of a check for dead inodes needs to
be fixed.

If nilfs_iget() is called from nfsd after nilfs_new_inode() calls
insert_inode_locked4(), nilfs_iget() will wait for unlock_new_inode() at
the end of nilfs_mkdir()/nilfs_create()/etc to unlock the inode.

If nilfs_iget() is called before nilfs_new_inode() calls
insert_inode_locked4(), it will create an in-core inode and read its
data from the on-disk inode.  But, nilfs_iget() will find i_nlink equals
zero and fail at nilfs_read_inode_common(), which will lead it to call
iget_failed() and cleanly fail.

However, this sanity check doesn't work as expected for reused on-disk
inodes because they leave a non-zero value in i_mode field and it
hinders the test of i_nlink.  This patch also fixes the issue by
removing the test on i_mode that nilfs2 doesn't need.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:33 -08:00
Yan, Zheng
92a34c8705 ceph: fix null pointer dereference in discard_cap_releases()
commit 00bd8edb86 upstream.

send_mds_reconnect() may call discard_cap_releases() after all
release messages have been dropped by cleanup_cap_releases()

Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>
Cc: Markus Blank-Burian <burian@muenster.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:33 -08:00
Dan Carpenter
e3de52b760 ceph: do_sync is never initialized
commit 021b77bee2 upstream.

Probably this code was syncing a lot more often then intended because
the do_sync variable wasn't set to zero.

Fixes: c62988ec09 ('ceph: avoid meaningless calling ceph_caps_revoking if sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL.')
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:33 -08:00
Benjamin Coddington
0cd81f5953 nfsd4: fix xdr4 inclusion of escaped char
commit 5a64e56976 upstream.

Fix a bug where nfsd4_encode_components_esc() includes the esc_end char as
an additional string encoding.

Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com>
Fixes: e7a0444aef "nfsd: add IPv6 addr escaping to fs_location hosts"
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:33 -08:00
Rasmus Villemoes
d7d13fde8b fs: nfsd: Fix signedness bug in compare_blob
commit ef17af2a81 upstream.

Bugs similar to the one in acbbe6fbb2 (kcmp: fix standard comparison
bug) are in rich supply.

In this variant, the problem is that struct xdr_netobj::len has type
unsigned int, so the expression o1->len - o2->len _also_ has type
unsigned int; it has completely well-defined semantics, and the result
is some non-negative integer, which is always representable in a long
long. But this means that if the conditional triggers, we are
guaranteed to return a positive value from compare_blob.

In this case it could be fixed by

-       res = o1->len - o2->len;
+       res = (long long)o1->len - (long long)o2->len;

but I'd rather eliminate the usually broken 'return a - b;' idiom.

Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2015-01-16 06:59:33 -08:00