a bit more widely, because newer versions of LLVM started
optimizing it a bit better and introduced run-time relocations
in PIE code. (Nathan Chancellor)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'x86-urgent-2026-07-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 fix from Ingo Molnar:
- Disable jump/lookup tables in the x86 boot decompressor code
a bit more widely, because newer versions of LLVM started
optimizing it a bit better and introduced run-time relocations
in PIE code (Nathan Chancellor)
* tag 'x86-urgent-2026-07-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot/compressed: Disable jump tables
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Merge tag 'loongarch-fixes-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson
Pull LoongArch fixes from Huacai Chen:
- fix build warnings and errors
- move jump_label_init() before parse_early_param()
- retrieve CPU package ID from PPTT when available
- fix some bugs kgdb, BPF JIT and laptop platform driver bugs
* tag 'loongarch-fixes-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson:
platform/loongarch: laptop: Explicitly reset bl_powered state when suspend
platform/loongarch: laptop: Stop setting acpi_device_class()
LoongArch: BPF: Fix memory leak in bpf_jit_free()
LoongArch: BPF: Zero-extend signed ALU32 div/mod results
LoongArch: Fix oops during single-step debugging
LoongArch: Fix address space mismatch in kexec command line lookup
LoongArch: Retrieve CPU package ID from PPTT when available
LoongArch: Move jump_label_init() before parse_early_param()
LoongArch: Fix build errors due to wrong instructions for 32BIT
LoongArch: Increase TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET up to 2040 for 32BIT
- Fix early_ioremap() of unaligned ACPI tables
- Remove bogus information from data abort diagnostics
- Fix kprobes recursion during single-step
- Fix incorrect constant in ESR address size fault macro
- Fix OOB page-table walk in memory hot-unplug notifier
- Fix OOB access to the linear map when retrieving an unaligned huge pte
- Fix MPAM register reset values
- Fix MPAM NULL dereference on teardown
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Merge tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
"It's a bit all over the place, as I was hoping to fix a decade-old bug
in our seccomp handling on syscall entry and ended up collecting other
fixes in the meantime. You'll see the failed attempt (+revert) here
but I didn't want to hold off on the others any longer. Hopefully
we'll get that one squashed next week...
- Fix early_ioremap() of unaligned ACPI tables
- Remove bogus information from data abort diagnostics
- Fix kprobes recursion during single-step
- Fix incorrect constant in ESR address size fault macro
- Fix OOB page-table walk in memory hot-unplug notifier
- Fix OOB access to the linear map when retrieving an unaligned huge pte
- Fix MPAM register reset values
- Fix MPAM NULL dereference on teardown"
* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
arm64: make huge_ptep_get handled unaligned addresses
arm64/mm: Check the requested PFN range during memory removal
arm64: Correct value returned by ESR_ELx_FSC_ADDRSZ_nL()
arm64: kprobes: Allow reentering kprobes while single-stepping
arm64: kprobes: Only handle faults originating from XOL slot
drivers/virt: pkvm: Fix end calculation in mmio_guard_ioremap_hook()
Revert "arm64: syscall: Ensure saved x0 is kept in-sync with tracer updates"
arm64: mm: When logging data aborts only decode Xs when ISV=1
arm64: fixmap: Allow 256K early_ioremap() at any offset
arm_mpam: guard MBWU state before adding it to garbage
arm_mpam: Fix MPAMCFG_MBW_PBM register setting
arm_mpam: Fix software reset values of MPAMCFG_PRI
arm64: syscall: Ensure saved x0 is kept in-sync with tracer updates
When bpf_int_jit_compile() is called for subprograms, it returns early
during the first pass (!prog->is_func || extra_pass is false), keeping
ctx->offset alive for the subsequent extra pass.
If JIT compilation fails for a later subprogram, the BPF core aborts and
calls bpf_jit_free() to clean up the first subprogram. However,
bpf_jit_free() fails to free jit_data->ctx.offset, which causes a memory
leak of the JIT context offsets array.
So fix this by adding the missing kvfree(jit_data->ctx.offset) in
bpf_jit_free().
Reported-by: Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Fixes: 4ab17e762b ("LoongArch: BPF: Use BPF prog pack allocator")
Acked-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Pu Lehui <pulehui@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Largely due to my time off followed by a networking conference
which distracted most maintainers (less so the AI generators).
Including fixes from Bluetooth and WiFi.
Current release - regressions:
- wifi: mt76: fix MAC address for non OF pcie cards
Current release - new code bugs:
- mptcp: fix BUILD_BUG_ON on legacy ARM config
- wifi: cfg80211: guard optional PMSR nominal time
Previous releases - regressions:
- qrtr: ns: raise node count limit to 512, we arbitrarily picked
256 as a limit, turns out it was too low for real world deployments
- vhost-net: fix TX stall when vhost owns virtio-net header
- eth: amd-xgbe: fix MAC_AUTO_SW handling in CL37 AN
- wifi: ath12k: fix low MLO RX throughput on WCN7850
Previous releases - always broken:
- number of random AI fixes for SCTP, RDS and TIPC protocols
- more AI-looking fixes for WiFi drivers
- number of fixes for missing pointer reloading after skb pull
- reject BPF redirect use from qdisc qevent block
- tcp: initialize standalone TCP-AO response padding
- vsock/virtio: collapse receive queue under memory pressure to avoid
client OOMing the host with tiny messages
- ipv4: icmp: fill flow parameters in icmp_route_lookup decoy lookup,
make sure the ICMP response routing follows the routing policy
- gro: fix double aggregation of flush-marked skbs
- ovpn: fix various refcount bugs
- tls: device: push pending open record on splice EOF
- eth: mlx5:
- use sender devcom for MPV master-up
- fix MCIA register buffer overflow on 32 dword reads
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'net-7.2-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net
Pull networking fixes from Jakub Kicinski:
"Lots of fixes, double the count even for the 'new normal'. Largely due
to my time off followed by a networking conference which distracted
most maintainers (less so the AI generators).
Including fixes from Bluetooth and WiFi.
Current release - regressions:
- wifi: mt76: fix MAC address for non OF pcie cards
Current release - new code bugs:
- mptcp: fix BUILD_BUG_ON on legacy ARM config
- wifi: cfg80211: guard optional PMSR nominal time
Previous releases - regressions:
- qrtr: ns: raise node count limit to 512, we arbitrarily picked
256 as a limit, turns out it was too low for real world deployments
- vhost-net: fix TX stall when vhost owns virtio-net header
- eth: amd-xgbe: fix MAC_AUTO_SW handling in CL37 AN
- wifi: ath12k: fix low MLO RX throughput on WCN7850
Previous releases - always broken:
- number of random AI fixes for SCTP, RDS and TIPC protocols
- more AI-looking fixes for WiFi drivers
- number of fixes for missing pointer reloading after skb pull
- reject BPF redirect use from qdisc qevent block
- tcp: initialize standalone TCP-AO response padding
- vsock/virtio: collapse receive queue under memory pressure to avoid
client OOMing the host with tiny messages
- ipv4: icmp: fill flow parameters in icmp_route_lookup decoy lookup,
make sure the ICMP response routing follows the routing policy
- gro: fix double aggregation of flush-marked skbs
- ovpn: fix various refcount bugs
- tls: device: push pending open record on splice EOF
- eth: mlx5:
- use sender devcom for MPV master-up
- fix MCIA register buffer overflow on 32 dword reads"
* tag 'net-7.2-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (234 commits)
drop_monitor: perform u64_stats updates under IRQ-disabled section
drop_monitor: fix size calculations for 64-bit attributes
net: drop_monitor: fix info leak in NET_DM_ATTR_PAYLOAD
mptcp: fix BUILD_BUG_ON on legacy ARM config
selftests: mptcp: userspace_pm: fix undefined variable port
mptcp: fix stale skb->sk reference on subflow close
mptcp: pm: userspace: fix use-after-free in get_local_id
mptcp: decrement subflows counter on failed passive join
mac802154: hold an interface reference across the scan worker
sctp: don't free the ASCONF's own transport in DEL-IP processing
phonet: check register_netdevice_notifier() error in phonet_device_init()
phonet: pep: fix use-after-free in pep_get_sb()
bnge/bng_re: fix ring ID widths
tipc: fix integer overflow in tipc_recvmsg() and tipc_recvstream()
net: airoha: fix ETS channel derivation in airoha_tc_setup_qdisc_ets()
mctp: check register_netdevice_notifier() error in mctp_device_init()
ptp: netc: explicitly clear TMR_OFF during initialization
rds: tcp: unregister sysctl before tearing down listen socket
ipv6: Change allocation flags to match rcu_read_lock section requirements
net: slip: serialize receive against buffer reallocation
...
ALU32 operations write a 32-bit result and leave the upper 32 bits of
the BPF register zero. The LoongArch JIT sign-extends the result of
signed ALU32 BPF_DIV and BPF_MOD (off=1), so a negative 32-bit quotient
or remainder leaves bits 63:32 set in JITted code while the verifier
and interpreter model those bits as zero.
Keep sign-extension on the operands, which signed divide needs, and
zero-extend the ALU32 result after the divide or modulo instruction,
matching the unsigned ALU32 div/mod paths and every other ALU32
operation in this JIT.
Fixes: 2425c9e002 ("LoongArch: BPF: Support signed div instructions")
Fixes: 7b6b13d329 ("LoongArch: BPF: Support signed mod instructions")
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8
Acked-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Tested-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Dudar <main.kalliope@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
When entering KDB via a breakpoint and then performing single-step
debugging, an oops is triggered. Now during single-step debugging,
kdb_local() expects the reason to be KDB_REASON_SSTEP, but it is
actually KDB_REASON_OOPS. In kdb_stub(), when determining the reason,
the ex_vector for single-step should be 0, as already implemented on
other architectures such as arm64 and riscv.
Before the patch:
[112]kdb> ss
Entering kdb (current=0x900020009f520000, pid 10661) on
processor 112 Oops: (null)
due to oops @ 0x90000000005b57a4
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Haoran Jiang <jianghaoran@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
When searching the loaded segments for the "kexec" command line marker,
the kexec_load(2) path (file_mode == 0) passes the user-space segment
buffer straight to strncmp() through a bogus (char __user *) cast. This
dereferences a user pointer in kernel context, which is wrong and is
flagged by sparse:
arch/loongarch/kernel/machine_kexec.c:84:51: sparse: incorrect type in
argument 2 (different address spaces) @@ expected char const * @@ got
char [noderef] __user *
Here copy the marker-sized prefix of each segment into a small on-stack
buffer with copy_from_user() before comparing, and skip segments that
fault. The subsequent copy_from_user() that stages the full command line
into the safe area is left unchanged.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 4a03b2ac06 ("LoongArch: Add kexec support")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202605051639.aEPioXdD-lkp@intel.com/
Co-developed-by: Kexin Liu <liukexin@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Kexin Liu <liukexin@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: George Guo <guodongtai@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Currently, the LoongArch CPU topology initialization code calculates
each core's package ID by dividing its physical ID by loongson_sysconf.
cores_per_package. This relies on the assumption that cores_per_package
counts in the same domain as physical IDs.
On Loongson-3B6000 (XB612B0V_1.2), cores_per_package matches the visible
core count -- 24 in this case. However, the physical IDs range from 0 to
31 in a noncontinuous fashion:
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i -F 'global_id'
global_id : 0
global_id : 1
global_id : 4
global_id : 5
global_id : 6
global_id : 7
global_id : 8
global_id : 9
global_id : 10
global_id : 11
global_id : 14
global_id : 15
global_id : 16
global_id : 17
global_id : 20
global_id : 21
global_id : 22
global_id : 23
global_id : 26
global_id : 27
global_id : 28
global_id : 29
global_id : 30
global_id : 31
Retrieve the exact package ID from ACPI PPTT when available, in the same
style as retrieving the core ID and thread ID in parse_acpi_topology().
Use this information in loongson_init_secondary() when the PPTT readout
is successful. The original division logic is kept as a fallback.
Meanwhile, since some existing code paths like loongson3_cpufreq expect
a continuous integer sequence of package IDs in [0, MAX_PACKAGES) when
retrieving from cpu_data[], here we also canonicalize the package ID to
be filled in parse_acpi_topology() to meet such an expectation.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Tested-by: Mingcong Bai <jeffbai@aosc.io>
Co-developed-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site>
Signed-off-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site>
Signed-off-by: Rong Bao <rong.bao@csmantle.top>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
When enabling both CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING=y and
CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT=y, then diabling memory
profiling by adding the boot parameter 'sysctl.vm.mem_profiling=0' will
cause the kernel failed to boot.
After analysis, this is because jump_label_init() must be called before
parse_early_param(), the early param handlers may modify static keys by
static_branch_enable/disable().
Fix this by moving jump_label_init() to before parse_early_param(). The
solution is similar to other architectures.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kanglong Wang <wangkanglong@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
In some assembly files there are some instructions that only valid for
64BIT, but those files can be compiled for 32BIT and cause build errors.
So, replace those instructions with macros:
li.d --> LONG_LI (li.w or li.d), addi.d --> PTR_ADDI (addi.w or addi.d).
BTW, Re-tab the indention in the assembly files for alignment.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.19+
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK increase the size of task_struct, which casuses a
build error for the 32BIT kernel if RANDSTRUCT is enabled. So increase
TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET as big as possible (2040), but can still be aligned
and be fit in the addi.w instruction.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Export the ptff_function_mask to make ptff_query() usable in modules.
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260714130342.1971700-2-svens@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
After a recent upstream LLVM change to start generating jump and lookup
tables in switch statements in more instances [1], linking the
compressed x86 boot image when CONFIG_KERNEL_ZSTD is enabled fails with:
ld.lld: error: Unexpected run-time relocations (.rela) detected!
Dumping the relocations in misc.o, which is the only file influenced by
CONFIG_KERNEL_ZSTD in the decompressor, shows dynamic relocations to
some string constants, which correspond to the string literals in the
switch statement in handle_zstd_error():
Relocation section '.rela.data.rel.ro' at offset 0x277b0 contains 31 entries:
Offset Info Type Symbol's Value Symbol's Name + Addend
0000000000000000 0000006600000001 R_X86_64_64 0000000000000000 .rodata.str1.1 + 73a
0000000000000008 0000006600000001 R_X86_64_64 0000000000000000 .rodata.str1.1 + 78e
0000000000000010 0000006600000001 R_X86_64_64 0000000000000000 .rodata.str1.1 + 78e
0000000000000018 0000006600000001 R_X86_64_64 0000000000000000 .rodata.str1.1 + 78e
...
This optimization is problematic for the decompressor environment, as it
is built as -fPIE without any explicit absolute references (as described
at the top of misc.c) while not applying any dynamic relocations, hence
the linker assertion. To opt out of this optimization, which is of
little value in this special early boot code, and to mirror the other
x86 startup code in arch/x86/boot/startup, disable jump tables in the
decompressor.
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Bill Wendling <morbo@google.com>
Cc: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: fa02a6ed66 [1]
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260722-x86-boot-compressed-disable-jt-clang-v2-1-7373d38482fb@kernel.org
Closes: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/2165
huge_ptep_get() can be handed a virtual address pointing to the middle
of a contpmd/contpte mapped hugetlb folio (examples of callers are
pagemap_hugetlb_range, page_mapped_in_vma).
The arm64 helper rewalks the pgtables in find_num_contig to answer
whether the huge pte we have maps a contpmd or a contpte hugetlb folio,
and returns CONT_PMDS or CONT_PTES, so that it can collect a/d bits over
the contiguous ptes. We can falsely return CONT_PTES instead of
CONT_PMDS if the addr is not aligned. On systems where CONT_PTES !=
CONT_PMDS (meaning page size is 16K), we could collect excess A/D bit
state, meaning extra work for the kernel. Even worse, we may iterate
beyond the PTE table and dereference a garbage ptep pointer to access
physical memory we don't own. Since the ptep pointer is a linear map
address, we may run off the end of the linear map or into a hole,
dereference a VA not mapped into the kernel pgtables and cause kernel
panic.
Fix this by aligning the pmdp pointer down to a contpmd base before
checking equality with the passed huge pte pointer, to correctly answer
whether the huge pte is the base of a contpmd block.
Fixes: 29cb805196 ("arm64: hugetlb: Cleanup huge_pte size discovery mechanisms")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com>
Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
- Avoid redundant allocations when allocating IMSIC page tables
- Apply SBI FWFT LOCK flag only on successful set
- Bound SBI PMU counter mask scan to BITS_PER_LONG, since on RV32
the PMU SBI start/stop helper can only access 32 PMU counters.
- Skip TLB flush when G-stage PTE becomes valid if the Svvptc
extension is available.
- Always show Zicbo[m|z|p] block sizes in ONE_REG
- Inject instruction access fault on unmapped guest fetch
- Use raw spinlock for irqs_pending and irqs_pending_mask
- Fix Spectre-v1 in vector register access via ONE_REG
x86:
- Fixes to SEV selftests.
- Once free_nested() did a VMCLEAR of shadow VMCS, there's no need to VMCLEAR it
again if the kernel is preempted and thread migration happens
- Preserve nested TDP shadow page tables if they are used as roots, instead of
clearing them unnecessarily
- Fix use of stale data if out-of-memory happens after vendor module reload
- Check for invalid/obsolete root *after* making MMU pages available, because
the latter can make a page invalid
- Only reset TSC Deadline Timer in apic_timer_expired on KVM_RUN
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini:
"RISC-V:
- Avoid redundant allocations when allocating IMSIC page tables
- Apply SBI FWFT LOCK flag only on successful set
- Bound SBI PMU counter mask scan to BITS_PER_LONG, since on RV32 the
PMU SBI start/stop helper can only access 32 PMU counters.
- Skip TLB flush when G-stage PTE becomes valid if the Svvptc
extension is available.
- Always show Zicbo[m|z|p] block sizes in ONE_REG
- Inject instruction access fault on unmapped guest fetch
- Use raw spinlock for irqs_pending and irqs_pending_mask
- Fix Spectre-v1 in vector register access via ONE_REG
x86:
- Fixes to SEV selftests
- Once free_nested() did a VMCLEAR of shadow VMCS, there's no need to
VMCLEAR it again if the kernel is preempted and thread migration
happens
- Preserve nested TDP shadow page tables if they are used as roots,
instead of clearing them unnecessarily
- Fix use of stale data if out-of-memory happens after vendor module
reload
- Check for invalid/obsolete root *after* making MMU pages available,
because the latter can make a page invalid
- Only reset TSC Deadline Timer in apic_timer_expired on KVM_RUN"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm:
KVM: x86: Only reset TSC Deadline Timer in apic_timer_expired on KVM_RUN
KVM: selftests: sev_init2_tests: Derive SEV availability from KVM
KVM: selftests: sev_smoke_test: Only run VM types the host offers
KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload
KVM: x86/mmu: Preserve nested TDP shadow page tables if they are used as roots
KVM: x86: Check for invalid/obsolete root *after* making MMU pages available
KVM: nVMX: Hide shadow VMCS right after VMCLEAR
KVM: riscv: Fix Spectre-v1 in vector register access
RISC-V: KVM: Serialize virtual interrupt pending state updates
RISC-V: KVM: Inject instruction access fault on unmapped guest fetch
RISC-V: KVM: Zicbo[m|z|p] block sizes should be always present in ONE_REG
riscv: kvm: Skip TLB flush when G-stage PTE becomes valid with Svvptc
KVM: riscv: PMU: Bound counter mask scan to BITS_PER_LONG
KVM: riscv: SBI FWFT: Apply LOCK flag only on successful set
RISC-V: KVM: Avoid redundant page-table allocations in ioremap topup
prevent_memory_remove_notifier() advances pfn while scanning the requested
range for early memory. When the loop completes, pfn is at or beyond
end_pfn. Passing it to can_unmap_without_split() therefore checks a range
after the one being offlined.
Consequently, a valid request can be rejected based on the following
range, while a request that would split a leaf mapping can be accepted if
the shifted range can be unmapped without a split. This was observed with
CXL DAX memory, where the final memory block was incorrectly allowed to
be offlined.
Pass arg->start_pfn into can_unmap_without_split() so it checks the
requested range.
Fixes: 95a58852b0 ("arm64/mm: Reject memory removal that splits a kernel leaf mapping")
Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Address size fault, level -1 is encoded as 0b101001 or 0x29 according to
the Arm ARM. Correct the value to match the spec. This also matches the
offset of "level -1 address size fault" in the fault_info array in
fault.c.
Fixes: fb8a3eba9c ("KVM: arm64: Only read HPFAR_EL2 when value is architecturally valid")
Signed-off-by: Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
- Avoid redundant page-table allocations in ioremap pcache topup
- Apply SBI FWFT LOCK flag only on successful set
- Bound SBI PMU counter mask scan to BITS_PER_LONG
- Skip TLB flush when G-stage PTE becomes valid with Svvptc
- Zicbo[m|z|p] block sizes should be always present in ONE_REG
- Inject instruction access fault on unmapped guest fetch
- Serialize virtual interrupt pending state updates using raw spinlock
- Fix Spectre-v1 in vector register access via ONE_REG
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Merge tag 'kvm-riscv-fixes-7.2-1' of https://github.com/kvm-riscv/linux into HEAD
KVM/riscv fixes for 7.2, take #1
- Avoid redundant page-table allocations in ioremap pcache topup
- Apply SBI FWFT LOCK flag only on successful set
- Bound SBI PMU counter mask scan to BITS_PER_LONG
- Skip TLB flush when G-stage PTE becomes valid with Svvptc
- Zicbo[m|z|p] block sizes should be always present in ONE_REG
- Inject instruction access fault on unmapped guest fetch
- Serialize virtual interrupt pending state updates using raw spinlock
- Fix Spectre-v1 in vector register access via ONE_REG
On Intel platforms with a VMX preemption timer and APICv, if a VMM
calls KVM_GET_LAPIC before KVM_GET_MSRS to save the vCPU state, it is
possible to lose a pending timer interrupt.
If the thread running these ioctls is migrated to another core after
calling KVM_GET_LAPIC but before KVM_GET_MSRS and the guest is using
their LAPIC timer in TSC-deadline mode, not only does the save LAPIC
state not carry the pending interrupt, the TSCDEADLINE MSR will be
zeroed.
After migration across CPUs, KVM_GET_MSRS calls vcpu_load, posting the
interrupt and clearing the MSR:
vcpu_load() ->
kvm_arch_vcpu_load() ->
kvm_lapic_restart_hv_timer() ->
start_hv_timer() ->
apic_timer_expired() ->
kvm_apic_inject_pending_timer_irqs()
. post interrupt into the LAPIC state
. clear IA32_TSCDEADLINE
The saved LAPIC state will be missing the pending interrupt and the saved
MSR will be zero. Oops.
Fix by only posting an interrupt when we're attempting to enter the guest
(vcpu->wants_to_run == true), not for vcpu_load from other paths.
Assisted-by: gemini:gemini-3.1-pro-preview
Debugged-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Debugged-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Debugged-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Debugged-by: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Srinivas <venkateshs@chromium.org>
Message-ID: <20260715234234.15382-2-venkateshs@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: ae95f566b3 ("KVM: X86: TSCDEADLINE MSR emulation fastpath", 2020-05-15)
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
mmu_destroy_caches() destroys pte_list_desc_cache and
mmu_page_header_cache, but leaves both pointers unchanged. The pointers
live in kvm.ko, and therefore survive when a vendor module is unloaded
while kvm.ko remains loaded.
If creation of pte_list_desc_cache fails during a subsequent vendor
module load, its assignment sets pte_list_desc_cache to NULL and the
error path calls mmu_destroy_caches(). mmu_page_header_cache still
points to the cache destroyed during the preceding vendor module
unload. Passing that stale pointer to kmem_cache_destroy() causes a
slab use-after-free.
Reproduce the issue on a v7.1.3 kernel with CONFIG_KASAN=y,
CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC=y, CONFIG_KVM=m, and CONFIG_KVM_INTEL=m. A
one-shot test hook forces pte_list_desc_cache to NULL on the second
invocation of kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init():
1. Load kvm.ko and kvm-intel.ko, creating both caches.
2. Unload only kvm_intel, leaving kvm.ko loaded.
3. Reload kvm_intel and force initialization through the -ENOMEM path.
KASAN reports:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in
kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm]
...
kmem_cache_destroy+0x21/0x1d0
kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm]
...
Allocated by task 16817:
__kmem_cache_create_args+0x12c/0x3b0
__kmem_cache_create.constprop.0+0xb6/0xf0 [kvm]
kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x13b/0x170 [kvm]
...
Freed by task 16820:
kmem_cache_destroy+0x117/0x1d0
kvm_mmu_vendor_module_exit+0x21/0x30 [kvm]
Clear both pointers immediately after destroying their caches so that
the stored state reflects the caches' lifetime and repeated cleanup is
safe.
With the fix applied, the same injected vendor module reload fails with
-ENOMEM as expected and produces no KASAN report.
Fixes: cb498ea2ce ("KVM: Portability: Combine kvm_init and kvm_init_x86")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Phil Rosenthal <phil@phil.gs>
Message-ID: <20260718-kvm-mmu-cache-uaf-v3-1-e103b93c74e1@phil.gs>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_mmu_zap_oldest_mmu_pages() excludes a shadow page whose root_count
is non-zero from top-level reclaim, because such a page cannot be
freed. The path in mmu_page_zap_pte() that recursively zaps a parentless
nested TDP child has no such check. As a result, a shadow page can
be zapped even if the page itself can't be freed; as the comment in
kvm_mmu_zap_oldest_mmu_pages() notes, zapping it will just force vCPUs
to rebuild the page.
As in top-level reclaim, do not recursively prepare zapping of a
nested TDP child whose root_count is non-zero.
Fixes: 2de4085ccc ("KVM: x86/MMU: Recursively zap nested TDP SPs when zapping last/only parent")
Signed-off-by: Hyunwoo Kim <imv4bel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Check for a "stale" page fault, i.e. for an invalid and/or obsolete root,
after making MMU pages available for the shadow MMU. If reclaiming shadow
pages zaps an in-use root, i.e. marks it invalid, then KVM will attempt to
map memory into an invalid root. On its own, populating an invalid root is
"fine", but because child shadow pages inherit their parent's role, any
children created during the map/fetch will be created as invalid pages,
thus violating KVM's invariant that invalid pages are never on the list of
active MMU pages.
Note, the underlying flaw has existed since KVM first started tracking
invalid roots in 2008 (commit 2e53d63acb, "KVM: MMU: ignore zapped root
pagetables"), but the true badness only came along in 2020 (Linux 5.9)
with the invariant that invalid shadow pages can't be on the list of
active pages.
Note #2, inheriting role.invalid when creating child shadow pages is also
far from ideal; that flaw will be addressed separately.
Reported-by: Hyunwoo Kim <imv4bel@gmail.com>
Fixes: f95eec9bed ("KVM: x86/mmu: Don't put invalid SPs back on the list of active pages")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
free_nested() frees the shadow VMCS while vmcs01 still points to it. But
because it is asynchronous with respect to loaded_vmcs_clear(), the vCPU
might migrate before the pointer is cleared and __loaded_vmcs_clear()
may then execute VMCLEAR.
The VMCS needs to stay attached until its explicit VMCLEAR completes, but
then it can be hidden and the page safely freed.
Fixes: 355f4fb140 ("kvm: nVMX: VMCLEAR an active shadow VMCS after last use")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Hyunwoo Kim <imv4bel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
aren't considered appropriate for backporting. 10 are for MM.
All are singletons - please see the relevant changelogs for details.
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Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-20-11-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"12 hotfixes. 8 are cc:stable and the remainder address post-7.1 issues
or aren't considered appropriate for backporting. 10 are for MM.
All are singletons - please see the relevant changelogs for details"
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-20-11-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
mm/memory-failure: trace: change memory_failure_event to ras subsystem
mm: page_reporting: allow driver to set batch capacity
mm/kmemleak: fix checksum computation for per-cpu objects
mm/damon/core: disallow overlapping input ranges for damon_set_regions()
MAINTAINERS: add Usama as a THP reviewer
fat: avoid stack overflow warning
mm/damon/core: validate ranges in damon_set_regions()
m68k: avoid -Wunused-but-set-parameter in clear_user_page()
mm/huge_memory: set PG_has_hwpoisoned only after new folio head is established
mm/page_vma_mapped: fix device-private PMD handling
MAINTAINERS: s/SeongJae/SJ/
userfaultfd: prevent registration of special VMAs
Fix the last remaining breakage caused by missing a SoC IO access
update. Commit e1f3a00670 ("m68k: coldfire: use ColdFire specifc
IO access in SoC code") missed this read16() call which should be
mcf_read16().
Fixes: e1f3a00670 ("m68k: coldfire: use ColdFire specifc IO access in SoC code")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202607180731.U4tiwFcQ-lkp@intel.com/
Signed-off-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
- Call flush_cache_vmap() after populating new vmemmap pages, on all
architectures. This avoids spurious faults on RISC-V
microarchitectures that cache PTEs marked as non-present
- Disable LTO for the vDSO to prevent the compiler from eliding
functions that are used, but which don't appear to be
- Fix an issue with libgcc's unwinder and signal handlers by dropping
an unnecessary CFI landing pad instruction in __vdso_rt_sigreturn
(similar to what was done on ARM64)
- Avoid reading uninitialized memory under certain conditions in
hwprobe_get_cpus()
- Save some memory and I$ when CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE=n by avoiding
our four-byte function alignment requirement in that case
- Avoid clang warnings about null-pointer arithmetic in the I/O-port
accessor macros (inb, outb, etc.) by ifdeffing them out when
!CONFIG_HAS_IOPORT
- Make the build of the lazy TLB flushing code in the vmalloc path
depend on CONFIG_64BIT and CONFIG_MMU (since those platforms are the
only ones that use it)
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Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.2-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux
Pull RISC-V fixes from Paul Walmsley:
- Call flush_cache_vmap() after populating new vmemmap pages, on all
architectures. This avoids spurious faults on RISC-V
microarchitectures that cache PTEs marked as non-present
- Disable LTO for the vDSO to prevent the compiler from eliding
functions that are used, but which don't appear to be
- Fix an issue with libgcc's unwinder and signal handlers by dropping
an unnecessary CFI landing pad instruction in __vdso_rt_sigreturn
(similar to what was done on ARM64)
- Avoid reading uninitialized memory under certain conditions in
hwprobe_get_cpus()
- Save some memory and I$ when CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE=n by avoiding our
four-byte function alignment requirement in that case
- Avoid clang warnings about null-pointer arithmetic in the I/O-port
accessor macros (inb, outb, etc.) by ifdeffing them out when
!CONFIG_HAS_IOPORT
- Make the build of the lazy TLB flushing code in the vmalloc path
depend on CONFIG_64BIT and CONFIG_MMU (since those platforms are the
only ones that use it)
* tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.2-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux:
riscv: hwprobe: Avoid uninitialized read in hwprobe_get_cpus()
arch/riscv: vdso: remove CFI landing pad from rt_sigreturn
riscv: vdso: Do not use LTO for the vDSO
riscv: io: avoid null-pointer arithmetic in PIO helpers
riscv: Gate FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B on DYNAMIC_FTRACE
mm/sparse-vmemmap: flush_cache_vmap() after hotplugging vmemmap
riscv: mm: Make mark_new_valid_map() stuff depend on 64BIT && MMU
- Reject too long acpi_rsdp= boot parameter values
(Thorsten Blum)
- Validate console=uart8250 baud rate to fix early boot hang
(Thorsten Blum)
- Remove dead Makefile rule (Ethan Nelson-Moore)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'x86-urgent-2026-07-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 fixes from Ingo Molnar:
- Reject too long acpi_rsdp= boot parameter values (Thorsten Blum)
- Validate console=uart8250 baud rate to fix early boot hang (Thorsten
Blum)
- Remove dead Makefile rule (Ethan Nelson-Moore)
* tag 'x86-urgent-2026-07-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Validate console=uart8250 baud rate to fix early boot hang
x86/boot: Reject too long acpi_rsdp= values
x86/cpu: Remove Makefile rule for removed UMC CPU support
- Fix checksum lib on machines without the vector facility where the
non-vector fallback made csum_partial() calculate the checksum from
address 0 instead of the provided buffer
- Fix cpum_cf perf event initialization missing speculation barrier for
user controlled event numbers used as generic event array indexes
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Merge tag 's390-7.2-5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux
Pull s390 fixes from Vasily Gorbik:
- Fix checksum lib on machines without the vector facility where the
non-vector fallback made csum_partial() calculate the checksum from
address 0 instead of the provided buffer
- Fix cpum_cf perf event initialization missing speculation barrier for
user controlled event numbers used as generic event array indexes
* tag 's390-7.2-5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux:
s390/perf_cpum_cf: Add missing array_index_nospec() to __hw_perf_event_init()
s390/checksum: Fix csum_partial() without vector facility
A kprobe can be hit while another kprobe is in KPROBE_HIT_SS state. This
can happen when tracing or perf code runs from the debug exception path
while the first kprobe is preparing or executing its out-of-line
single-step instruction.
Currently arm64 treats a kprobe hit in KPROBE_HIT_SS as unrecoverable,
the same as a hit in KPROBE_REENTER. This is too strict. A hit in
KPROBE_HIT_SS is still a one-level reentry and can be handled by saving
the current kprobe state and setting up single-step for the new probe,
just like reentry from KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE or KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE.
The truly unrecoverable case is hitting another kprobe while already in
KPROBE_REENTER, because the reentry save area has already been consumed.
Move KPROBE_HIT_SS to the recoverable reentry cases and leave
KPROBE_REENTER as the unrecoverable nested reentry case.
This change also requires saving saved_irqflag in struct prev_kprobe.
When a nested kprobe calls kprobes_save_local_irqflag(), it overwrites
kcb->saved_irqflag with the currently masked DAIF value, losing the
outer kprobe's original DAIF state. Without this fix, when the outer
kprobe's single-step finishes, kprobes_restore_local_irqflag() applies
the wrong DAIF mask and leaves interrupts permanently disabled.
Extend struct prev_kprobe with a saved_irqflag field and save/restore it
alongside kp and status. This ensures the outer kprobe's original
interrupt state is preserved across reentry.
This mirrors the x86 fix in commit 6a5022a56a
("kprobes/x86: Allow to handle reentered kprobe on single-stepping").
Signed-off-by: Pu Hu <hupu@transsion.com>
Signed-off-by: Hongyan Xia <hongyan.xia@transsion.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
kprobe_fault_handler() currently treats any page fault taken while in
KPROBE_HIT_SS or KPROBE_REENTER state as a kprobe single-step fault. This
assumption does not hold: perf or tracing code may run from the debug
exception path during the single-step window and take its own page fault.
When the fault is handled as a kprobe fault, the PC is rewritten to the
probe address, corrupting the exception recovery context for the real
fault. A typical reproducer is running perf with preemptirq tracepoints
and dwarf callchains while a kprobe is installed on a frequently
executed function.
Fix this in two layers:
1. At function entry, bail out immediately for simulated kprobes
(ainsn.xol_insn == NULL), since they have no XOL slot and any fault
taken during their execution cannot be a single-step fault.
2. For kprobes with an XOL slot, only handle the fault when the
faulting PC matches the XOL instruction address. Faults from any
other PC are left to the normal page fault handler.
This follows the same principle as the x86 fix in commit 6381c24cd6
("kprobes/x86: Fix page-fault handling logic").
Signed-off-by: Pu Hu <hupu@transsion.com>
Signed-off-by: Hongyan Xia <hongyan.xia@transsion.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
This reverts commit e057b94772.
Sashiko points out that updating 'orig_x0' after secure_computing()
has returned is too late to handle the case where a seccomp filter is
re-evaluated after initially returning SECCOMP_RET_TRACE. This means
that a tracer can manipulate the first argument of the syscall behind
seccomp's back.
For now, revert the initial fix and we'll have another crack at it soon.
Since the incorrect fix was cc'd to stable, do the same here with an
appropriate fixes tag.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e057b94772 ("arm64: syscall: Ensure saved x0 is kept in-sync with tracer updates")
Link: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260716120640.6590-1-will@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
There are only three devicetree fixes this time: one critical memory
corruption fix for Renesas and three minor corrections for Tegra.
The MAINTAINERS file is updated for a new maintainer of the CIX platform
and two address changes.
The rest is all driver fixes, mostly firmware:
- multiple runtime issues in ARM SCMI and FF-A firmware code, dealing
with error handling for corner cases in firmware.
- multiple fixes for reset drivers, dealing with individual platform
specific mistakes and more error handling
- minor build and runtime fixes for the Tegra SoC drivers
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Merge tag 'soc-fixes-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc
Pull SoC fixes from Arnd Bergmann:
"There are only three devicetree fixes this time: one critical memory
corruption fix for Renesas and three minor corrections for Tegra.
The MAINTAINERS file is updated for a new maintainer of the CIX
platform and two address changes.
The rest is all driver fixes, mostly firmware:
- multiple runtime issues in ARM SCMI and FF-A firmware code, dealing
with error handling for corner cases in firmware.
- multiple fixes for reset drivers, dealing with individual platform
specific mistakes and more error handling
- minor build and runtime fixes for the Tegra SoC drivers"
* tag 'soc-fixes-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc:
arm64: dts: renesas: ironhide: Describe inline ECC carveouts
MAINTAINERS: Update maintainer and git tree for CIX SoC
ARM: Don't let ARMv5 platforms select USE_OF
MAINTAINERS: Update SpacemiT SoC git tree repository
firmware: arm_scmi: Rate-limit queue-full warnings in IRQ context
firmware: arm_scmi: Use 64-bit division for clock rate rounding
reset: imx7: Correct polarity of MIPI CSI resets on i.MX8MQ
reset: sunxi: fix memory region leak on ioremap failure
dt-bindings: reset: altr: add COMBOPHY_RESET for Agilex5
reset: spacemit: k3: fix USB2 ahb reset
firmware: arm_scmi: Grammar s/may needed/may be needed/
firmware: arm_ffa: Fix NULL dereference in ffa_partition_info_get()
firmware: arm_ffa: Respect firmware advertised RX/TX buffer size limits
arm64: tegra: Fix CPU1 node unit-address on Tegra264
arm64: tegra: Fix CPU compatible string to cortex-a78ae on Tegra234
MAINTAINERS: .mailmap: update Jens Wiklander's email address
soc/tegra: fuse: Fix spurious straps warning on SMCCC platforms
soc/tegra: pmc: fix #ifdef block in header
drm/tegra: Fix a strange error handling path
arm64: tegra: Remove fallback compatible for GPCDMA
- Enable CONFIG_VPA_PMU to be used with KVM
- Initialize starttime at boot for native accounting
- Set CPU_FTR_P11_PVR for Power11 and later processors
- fix memory leak on krealloc failure in papr_init
- Misc fixes and cleanups
Thanks to:
Amit Machhiwal, Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP), Ethan Nelson-Moore, Gautam
Menghani, Harsh Prateek Bora, Junrui Luo, Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM), Ritesh
Harjani (IBM), Rosen Penev, Shrikanth Hegde, Thorsten Blum, Yuhao Jiang
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Merge tag 'powerpc-7.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc fixes from Madhavan Srinivasan:
- Enable CONFIG_VPA_PMU to be used with KVM
- Initialize starttime at boot for native accounting
- Set CPU_FTR_P11_PVR for Power11 and later processors
- fix memory leak on krealloc failure in papr_init
- Misc fixes and cleanups
Thanks to Amit Machhiwal, Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP), Ethan
Nelson-Moore, Gautam Menghani, Harsh Prateek Bora, Junrui Luo, Mukesh
Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM), Ritesh Harjani (IBM), Rosen Penev, Shrikanth
Hegde, Thorsten Blum, and Yuhao Jiang
* tag 'powerpc-7.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux:
powerpc: Remove dead non-preemption code
powerpc/dt_cpu_ftrs: Set CPU_FTR_P11_PVR for Power11 and later processors
powerpc/pseries: fix memory leak on krealloc failure in papr_init
powerpc/uaccess: correct check for CONFIG_PPC_E500 in mask_user_address()
powerpc/vtime: Initialize starttime at boot for native accounting
powerpc/85xx: Add fsl,ifc to common device ids
powerpc/spufs: fix out-of-bounds access in spufs_mem_mmap_access()
powerpc/pseries/Kconfig: Enable CONFIG_VPA_PMU to be used with KVM
When logging the decode of a data abort we currently unconditionally decode
and display Xs. Currently the only defined non-RES0 values for this field
are for cases where ISV=1, move the decode of Xs into our existing check
for ISV=1. This avoids potential confusion if some other use is assigned to
these bits for ISV=0 cases in future, or misleading someone into thinking
there is a meaningful value there with currently defined architecture.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
NR_FIX_BTMAPS is the per-slot page limit for early_ioremap(). Since
__early_ioremap() maps the page-aligned physical range, a 256K request
can require one extra page when the physical address is not page-aligned.
Reserve one extra page per slot so the 256K mapping budget is usable
regardless of the initial page offset.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/08fd96fa-ee3a-4904-bd11-bb08bd90436f@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Yu Peng <pengyu@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
When seccomp support was originally added to arm64 in a1ae65b219
("arm64: add seccomp support"), seccomp was erroneously called _before_
the ptrace syscall-enter-stop and therefore the tracer could trivially
manipulate the syscall register state after the seccomp check had
passed. This was subsequently fixed in a5cd110cb8 ("arm64/ptrace: run
seccomp after ptrace") by moving the seccomp check after the tracer has
run. Unfortunately, a decade later, that fix has been reported to be
incomplete.
On arm64, both the first argument to a syscall and its eventual return
value are allocated to register x0. In order to facilitate syscall
restarting and querying of syscall arguments on the syscall exit path,
the original value of x0 is stashed in 'struct pt_regs::orig_x0' early
during the syscall entry path and is returned for the first argument by
syscall_get_arguments(). Unlike 32-bit Arm, this stashed value is not
directly exposed via ptrace() and so changes to register x0 made by the
tracer on a syscall-enter-stop are not reflected in 'orig_x0'. This
means that seccomp, syscall tracepoints and audit can observe a stale
value for the register compared to the argument that will be observed by
the actual syscall.
Re-sync 'orig_x0' from x0 on the syscall entry path following a
potential ptrace stop (i.e. PTRACE_EVENTMSG_SYSCALL_ENTRY or
SECCOMP_RET_TRACE). This behaviour is limited to native tasks (because
compat tasks expose 'orig_r0' to ptrace) where the syscall is not being
skipped (because x0 is updated to hold the return value of -ENOSYS in
that case).
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
Cc: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Yiqi Sun <sunyiqixm@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260529065444.1336608-1-sunyiqixm@gmail.com/
Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Fixes: a5cd110cb8 ("arm64/ptrace: run seccomp after ptrace")
Reviewed-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
If a vCPU stays scheduled out (or blocked) while the last pCPU it ran
on goes through a hotplug cycle (online->offline->online), and the vCPU
then resumes execution on the same pCPU, then it is possible for it to
run with an ASID that has now been assigned to a different vCPU,
resulting in stale TLB translations being used.
svm_enable_virtualization_cpu() resets asid_generation to 1 and sets
next_asid to max_asid + 1 on every CPU online event, including hotplug
cycles. Because next_asid starts beyond the pool boundary, the first
call to new_asid() after an online event always wraps the pool,
incrementing asid_generation to 2 and assigning ASIDs starting from
min_asid.
Consider two vCPUs from different VMs, vCPU-A pinned to CPU-X holding
asid_generation=2 and ASID=N from before the hotplug event:
1. CPU-X goes offline and back online: asid_generation resets to 1,
next_asid = max_asid + 1.
2. One or more vCPUs migrate to CPU-X and call new_asid(), wrapping
the pool and consuming ASIDs starting from min_asid. Eventually
vCPU-B from a different VM is assigned asid_generation=2, ASID=N
— the same ASID that vCPU-A held before the hotplug.
3. vCPU-A enters pre_svm_run() on CPU-X: current_vmcb->cpu is
unchanged so the migration branch is skipped. Its saved
asid_generation=2 matches sd->asid_generation=2, so the generation
check silently passes and vCPU-A continues running with ASID=N —
the same ASID just freshly assigned to vCPU-B.
Both vCPUs from different VMs now run on CPU-X with the same ASID,
causing them to share NPT TLB entries and producing stale translations.
The collision manifests as a KVM internal error (Suberror: 1, emulation
failure). The NPT page fault reports a faulting GPA far outside the
VM's physical memory range — a sign of stale TLB translations being
used. KVM falls back to instruction emulation, which fails on
FPU/XSave instructions (XRSTOR, STMXCSR) that the emulator does not
implement.
Fix this by incrementing asid_generation instead of resetting it to 1
in svm_enable_virtualization_cpu(). On module load, asid_generation
starts at 0 (memset) and the increment produces 1, identical to the
old behaviour. On subsequent hotplug cycles the generation advances
beyond any value a vCPU previously observed on this CPU, so the
generation check in pre_svm_run() reliably forces new_asid() on every
vCPU after every hotplug cycle.
Fixes: 774c47f1d7 ("[PATCH] KVM: cpu hotplug support")
Reported-by: Chandrakanth Silveru <Chandrakanth.Silveru@amd.com>
Tested-by: Srikanth Aithal <Srikanth.Aithal@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Nikunj A Dadhania <nikunj@amd.com>
Message-ID: <20260715063506.672432-1-nikunj@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When cpusetsize < cpumask_size(), hwprobe_get_cpus() did not fully
initialize its copy of the cpu mask, which could cause non-deterministic
results from the riscv_hwprobe syscall on a system with more than 8 CPUs
when the supplied cpu mask is empty. Address this by fully initializing
the cpu mask.
Fixes: e178bf146e ("RISC-V: hwprobe: Introduce which-cpus flag")
Signed-off-by: Mark Harris <mark.hsj@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260714003056.73707-1-mark.hsj@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
ev variable is userspace controlled via event->attr.config and used
as an array index after bounds checking, but without speculation
barriers.
Add the missing array_index_nospec() call to prevent speculative
execution.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 212188a596 ("[S390] perf: add support for s390x CPU counters")
Signed-off-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Richter <tmricht@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Currently csum_partial() calls csum_copy() with copy=false and dst=NULL.
On machines without the vector facility, csum_copy() falls back to
cksm(dst, ...), causing the checksum to be calculated from address zero
instead of the source buffer.
The VX implementation already checksums data loaded from src. Make the
fallback do the same by passing src to cksm().
Fixes: dcd3e1de9d ("s390/checksum: provide csum_partial_copy_nocheck()")
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
User-controlled register indices from the ONE_REG ioctl are used to
index into the vector register buffer (v0..v31). Sanitize the calculated
offset with array_index_nospec() to prevent speculative out-of-bounds
access.
Signed-off-by: Zongmin Zhou <zhouzongmin@kylinos.cn>
Reviewed-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260715030818.75657-1-min_halo@163.com
Signed-off-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Put all vmcs12 pages if KVM synthesizes a nested VM-Exit due to invalid
guest while emulating VMLAUNCH or VMRESUME. The invalid guest state path
doesn't use nested_vmx_vmexit() as that API is intended to be used if and
only if L2 is active, and the open coded equivalent neglects to put the
vmcs12 pages. Failure to put the vmcs12 pages leaks any pinned pages
(and/or mappings) if L1 retries VMLAUNCH/VMRESUME.
Note, the !from_vmenter scenario doesn't suffer the same problem, as
vmx_get_nested_state_pages() only gets/pins/maps the vmcs12 pages if L2 is
active, i.e. if a "full" VM-Exit is guaranteed before KVM will retry
getting vmcs12 pages.
Fixes: 96c66e87de ("KVM/nVMX: Use kvm_vcpu_map when mapping the virtual APIC page")
Fixes: 3278e04925 ("KVM/nVMX: Use kvm_vcpu_map when mapping the posted interrupt descriptor table")
Fixes: fe1911aa44 ("KVM: nVMX: Use kvm_vcpu_map() to get/pin vmcs12's APIC-access page")
Reported-by: Minh Nguyen <minhnguyen.080505@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
- Fix a bug where KVM will trigger a UAF if updating IOMMU IRTEs fails when
registering an IRQ-bypass producer.
- Ignore pending PV EOI instead of BUG()ing the host if the feature was
disabled by the guest.
- Fix nVMX bugs where KVM would run L1 with an L1-controlled CR3 after a
failed "late" consistency check when KVM is NOT using EPT.
- Disallow intra-host migration/mirroring of SNP VMs as KVM doesn't yet
support moving/mirroring SNP state.
- Fix a TOCTOU bug in KVM's handling of the "trusted" CPUID for TDX guests.
- Fix a NULL pointer deref in trace_kvm_inj_exception() where a change to the
core infrastructure missed KVM's unique (ab)use of __print_symbolic().
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-fixes-7.2-rc4' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86 fixes for 7.2-rcN
- Fix a bug where KVM will trigger a UAF if updating IOMMU IRTEs fails when
registering an IRQ-bypass producer.
- Ignore pending PV EOI instead of BUG()ing the host if the feature was
disabled by the guest.
- Fix nVMX bugs where KVM would run L1 with an L1-controlled CR3 after a
failed "late" consistency check when KVM is NOT using EPT.
- Disallow intra-host migration/mirroring of SNP VMs as KVM doesn't yet
support moving/mirroring SNP state.
- Fix a TOCTOU bug in KVM's handling of the "trusted" CPUID for TDX guests.
- Fix a NULL pointer deref in trace_kvm_inj_exception() where a change to the
core infrastructure missed KVM's unique (ab)use of __print_symbolic().
- Move locking for kvm_io_bus_get_dev() into the caller, ensuring
race-free checks that the returned object is of the correct type
- Fix initialisation of the page-table walk level when relaxing
permissions
- Correctly update the XN attribute when relaxing permissions
- Fix the sign extension of loads from emulated MMIO regions
- Assorted collection of fixes for pKVM's FFA proxy, together with a
couple of FFA driver adjustments
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Merge tag 'kvmarm-fixes-7.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/arm64 fixes for 7.2, take #2
- Move locking for kvm_io_bus_get_dev() into the caller, ensuring
race-free checks that the returned object is of the correct type
- Fix initialisation of the page-table walk level when relaxing
permissions
- Correctly update the XN attribute when relaxing permissions
- Fix the sign extension of loads from emulated MMIO regions
- Assorted collection of fixes for pKVM's FFA proxy, together with a
couple of FFA driver adjustments
- Fix an accounting buglet when reclaiming pages from a protected
guest
- Fix a bunch of architectural compliance issues when injecting a
synthesised exception, most of which were missing the PSTATE.IL bit
indicating a 32bit-wide instruction
- Another set of fixes addressing issues with translation of VNCR_EL2,
including corner cases where the guest point that register at a RO
page...
- Don't warn when trapping accesses to ZCR_EL2 from an L2 guest, as
that's not unexpected at all
- Address a bunch of races with LPI migration vs LPIs being disabled
- Fix a total howler of a bug combining FEAT_MOPS and NV, resulting in
exception returning in the wrong place...
- Coerce Fuad Tabba into a reviewer role, and may his Inbox catch
fire!
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Merge tag 'kvmarm-fixes-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kvmarm/kvmarm into HEAD
KVM/arm64 fixes for 7.2, take #1
- Fix an accounting buglet when reclaiming pages from a protected
guest
- Fix a bunch of architectural compliance issues when injecting a
synthesised exception, most of which were missing the PSTATE.IL bit
indicating a 32bit-wide instruction
- Another set of fixes addressing issues with translation of VNCR_EL2,
including corner cases where the guest point that register at a RO
page...
- Don't warn when trapping accesses to ZCR_EL2 from an L2 guest, as
that's not unexpected at all
- Address a bunch of races with LPI migration vs LPIs being disabled
- Fix a total howler of a bug combining FEAT_MOPS and NV, resulting in
exception returning in the wrong place...
- Coerce Fuad Tabba into a reviewer role, and may his Inbox catch
fire!
