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The NUMA topology parameters (sched_numa_topology_type, sched_domains_numa_levels, and sched_max_numa_distance, etc.) identified by scheduler may be wrong for systems with CPU-less nodes. For example, the ACPI SLIT of a system with CPU-less persistent memory (Intel Optane DCPMM) nodes is as follows, [000h 0000 4] Signature : "SLIT" [System Locality Information Table] [004h 0004 4] Table Length : 0000042C [008h 0008 1] Revision : 01 [009h 0009 1] Checksum : 59 [00Ah 0010 6] Oem ID : "XXXX" [010h 0016 8] Oem Table ID : "XXXXXXX" [018h 0024 4] Oem Revision : 00000001 [01Ch 0028 4] Asl Compiler ID : "INTL" [020h 0032 4] Asl Compiler Revision : 20091013 [024h 0036 8] Localities : 0000000000000004 [02Ch 0044 4] Locality 0 : 0A 15 11 1C [030h 0048 4] Locality 1 : 15 0A 1C 11 [034h 0052 4] Locality 2 : 11 1C 0A 1C [038h 0056 4] Locality 3 : 1C 11 1C 0A While the `numactl -H` output is as follows, available: 4 nodes (0-3) node 0 cpus: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 node 0 size: 64136 MB node 0 free: 5981 MB node 1 cpus: 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 node 1 size: 64466 MB node 1 free: 10415 MB node 2 cpus: node 2 size: 253952 MB node 2 free: 253920 MB node 3 cpus: node 3 size: 253952 MB node 3 free: 253951 MB node distances: node 0 1 2 3 0: 10 21 17 28 1: 21 10 28 17 2: 17 28 10 28 3: 28 17 28 10 In this system, there are only 2 sockets. In each memory controller, both DRAM and PMEM DIMMs are installed. Although the physical NUMA topology is simple, the logical NUMA topology becomes a little complex. Because both the distance(0, 1) and distance (1, 3) are less than the distance (0, 3), it appears that node 1 sits between node 0 and node 3. And the whole system appears to be a glueless mesh NUMA topology type. But it's definitely not, there is even no CPU in node 3. This isn't a practical problem now yet. Because the PMEM nodes (node 2 and node 3 in example system) are offlined by default during system boot. So init_numa_topology_type() called during system boot will ignore them and set sched_numa_topology_type to NUMA_DIRECT. And init_numa_topology_type() is only called at runtime when a CPU of a never-onlined-before node gets plugged in. And there's no CPU in the PMEM nodes. But it appears better to fix this to make the code more robust. To test the potential problem. We have used a debug patch to call init_numa_topology_type() when the PMEM node is onlined (in __set_migration_target_nodes()). With that, the NUMA parameters identified by scheduler is as follows, sched_numa_topology_type: NUMA_GLUELESS_MESH sched_domains_numa_levels: 4 sched_max_numa_distance: 28 To fix the issue, the CPU-less nodes are ignored when the NUMA topology parameters are identified. Because a node may become CPU-less or not at run time because of CPU hotplug, the NUMA topology parameters need to be re-initialized at runtime for CPU hotplug too. With the patch, the NUMA parameters identified for the example system above is as follows, sched_numa_topology_type: NUMA_DIRECT sched_domains_numa_levels: 2 sched_max_numa_distance: 21 Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220214121553.582248-1-ying.huang@intel.com |
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Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.