linux/tools/lib
Weiming Shi a9e777f856 bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec()
[ Upstream commit 1c22483a2c ]

CO-RE accessor strings are colon-separated indices that describe a path
from a root BTF type to a target field, e.g. "0:1:2" walks through
nested struct members. bpf_core_parse_spec() parses each component with
sscanf("%d"), so negative values like -1 are silently accepted.  The
subsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the
upper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer
promotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the
comparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N.

When -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff,
producing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array.  A crafted
BPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in
vmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically
during BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y
(default on major distributions).  The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF:

 BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626
 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
 #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI
 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full)
 RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354)
 RAX: 00000000ffffffff
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321)
  bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507)
  check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475)
  bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031)
  bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089)
  __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228)
  </TASK>

CO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index,
array element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately
after parsing.

Fixes: ddc7c30426 ("libbpf: implement BPF CO-RE offset relocation algorithm")
Reported-by: Xiang Mei <xmei5@asu.edu>
Signed-off-by: Weiming Shi <bestswngs@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com>
Acked-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260404161221.961828-2-bestswngs@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
History 2026-06-01 17:35:28 +02:00
..
api libapi: Add missing linux/types.h header to get the __u64 type on io.h 2024-01-25 14:52:50 -08:00
bpf bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec() 2026-06-01 17:35:28 +02:00
lockdep .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
perf libperf build: Always place libperf includes first 2026-03-04 07:19:56 -05:00
subcmd perf subcmd: avoid crash in exclude_cmds when excludes is empty 2025-10-19 16:21:27 +02:00
symbol libsymbols kallsyms: Move hex2u64 out of header 2020-05-05 16:35:32 -03:00
traceevent KVM: x86/mmu: Rename "nxe" role bit to "efer_nx" for macro shenanigans 2021-06-24 18:00:41 -04:00
argv_split.c tools lib: Move argv_{split,free} from tools/perf/util/ 2019-07-01 22:50:40 -03:00
bitmap.c tools lib: Adopt bitmap_intersects() operation from the kernel sources 2021-06-30 15:28:00 -03:00
ctype.c tools perf: Move from sane_ctype.h obtained from git to the Linux's original 2019-06-25 21:02:47 -03:00
find_bit.c tools: sync lib/find_bit implementation 2021-05-06 19:24:12 -07:00
hweight.c License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license 2017-11-02 11:10:55 +01:00
rbtree.c tools/: replace HTTP links with HTTPS ones 2020-08-07 11:33:21 -07:00
str_error_r.c objtool, perf: Fix GCC 8 -Wrestrict error 2018-03-19 13:51:54 -03:00
string.c tools lib: Adopt memchr_inv() from kernel 2020-11-27 08:34:52 -03:00
vsprintf.c perf script: Pad DSO name for --call-trace 2019-05-28 18:37:44 -03:00
zalloc.c tools lib: Adopt zalloc()/zfree() from tools/perf 2019-07-09 10:13:26 -03:00