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Cheng-Yang Chou 2abee44c7d tools/sched_ext: scx_pair: Convert to sched_switch TP
ops.cpu_acquire/release() are deprecated in favor of tracking CPU
preemption from a sched_switch tracepoint, see
commit a3f5d48222 ("sched_ext: Allow scx_bpf_reenqueue_local() to
be called from anywhere"). Loading scx_pair currently emits a
deprecation warning.

Replace the pair_cpu_acquire/release() callbacks with a
tp_btf/sched_switch program that edge-detects the same transitions the
core used to deliver: a release when a running SCX task loses its CPU
to a higher-priority class, and an acquire when the CPU switches back
to an SCX task or idle while marked preempted.

Tasks are classified by effective priority (p->prio) rather than by
policy: rt_mutex_setprio() boosts a PI beneficiary into the rt/dl
classes while leaving its policy untouched, so a policy test would
both miss the release when a boosted task takes the CPU and fire a
spurious acquire when a boosted task replaces a real rt task.

A switch from idle straight to a higher-priority task is deliberately
not treated as a release. The CPU was not running an SCX task, so
there is nothing to drain, and kicking SCX_KICK_PREEMPT |
SCX_KICK_WAIT on every rt wakeup would make the pair CPU wait out rt
bursts it was never coupled to. The old callbacks behaved the same
way, firing ops.cpu_release() only from switch_class() when an SCX
task was put for a higher class.

The tracepoint runs on every context switch in the system, so the
common no-transition case is filtered before taking the pair-shared
lock. This is safe because a CPU's own preempted_mask bit is only ever
written by this tracepoint running on that CPU.

sched_setscheduler() on a running task changes class in place without
a context switch, so such transitions are only observed at the task's
next switch. The old callbacks had the same blind spot in
switch_class(), and try_dispatch() already bounds the resulting wait.

Verified in virtme-ng with the script below. The scheduler must load
without the deprecation warning, stay enabled through the rt churn and
the idle soak (the watchdog would otherwise abort it with "runnable
task stall"), keep its preemption counter advancing, and unregister
cleanly at the end. A PI rt-mutex churn that repeatedly boosts
SCX tasks into the rt class was exercised separately:

  #!/bin/bash
  # vng --verbose --cpus 8 -m 4G --user root -- ./verify.sh
  # FIFO harness: survives even if all SCHED_NORMAL tasks stall
  [ "${RT:-0}" = 1 ] || exec chrt -f 5 env RT=1 "$0"

  chrt -o 0 ./tools/sched_ext/build/bin/scx_pair &
  PAIR=$!
  sleep 3
  for round in $(seq 10); do
    pids=""
    for i in 0 1 2 3; do  # SCHED_FIFO churn
      chrt -f 10 bash -c \
        'e=$((SECONDS+1)); while [ $SECONDS -lt $e ]; do :; done' &
      pids="$pids $!"
    done
    for i in 0 1; do      # SCHED_NORMAL load under scx
      chrt -o 0 bash -c \
        'n=0; while [ $n -lt 200000 ]; do n=$((n+1)); done' &
      pids="$pids $!"
    done
    wait $pids            # explicit pids, not the scx_pair job
  done
  sleep 300               # idle soak
  kill -INT $PAIR         # expect clean unregister in dmesg

Signed-off-by: Cheng-Yang Chou <yphbchou0911@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
History 2026-07-22 08:12:00 -10:00
arch - Prevent NULL dereference on theoretical missing IO bitmap 2026-06-23 17:16:31 -07:00
block - small cleanups in dm-vdo, dm-raid, dm-cache, dm-zoned-metadata 2026-06-16 13:20:54 +05:30
certs treewide: fix indentation and whitespace in Kconfig files 2026-05-28 21:24:42 -07:00
crypto mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Documentation sched_ext: Documentation: Fix ops table header reference 2026-07-07 12:23:33 -10:00
drivers Miscellaneous irqchip driver fixes: 2026-06-23 16:02:03 -07:00
fs Changes for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-24 10:05:53 -07:00
include sched_ext: Hand over cgroups at sub-scheduler enable/disable 2026-07-19 21:10:57 -10:00
init sched_ext: Track the cpu a task is runnable on 2026-07-13 22:18:43 -10:00
io_uring for-7.2/io_uring-epoll-20260616 2026-06-18 08:09:57 -07:00
ipc kernel-7.2-rc1.misc 2026-06-15 03:05:50 +05:30
kernel sched_ext: Build the cid tables privately and publish them with RCU 2026-07-21 22:27:27 -10:00
lib Misc fixes: 2026-06-23 16:05:54 -07:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Add modern form of the LGPL-2.1 tags to the usage guide section 2025-10-22 07:58:19 +02:00
mm mm.git review status for linus..mm-stable 2026-06-23 12:03:44 -07:00
net NFS Client Updates for Linux 7.2 2026-06-23 18:36:41 -07:00
rust Char/Misc/IIO/FPGA/GPIB/etc driver updates for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:20:21 -07:00
samples Char/Misc/IIO/FPGA/GPIB/etc driver updates for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:20:21 -07:00
scripts platform-drivers-x86 for v7.2-1 2026-06-23 08:31:33 -07:00
security Landlock update for v7.2-rc1 2026-06-19 12:20:25 -07:00
sound dmaengine updates for v7.2 2026-06-23 15:51:14 -07:00
tools tools/sched_ext: scx_pair: Convert to sched_switch TP 2026-07-22 08:12:00 -10:00
usr kbuild: uapi: also test UAPI headers against C++ compilers 2026-03-25 13:24:42 +01:00
virt Arm: 2026-06-19 08:56:49 -07:00
.clang-format clang-format: fix formatting of guard() and scoped_guard() statements 2026-05-28 21:24:41 -07:00
.clippy.toml rust: bump Clippy's MSRV and clean incompatible_msrv allows 2026-04-07 09:51:39 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.editorconfig editorconfig: add rst extension 2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
.get_maintainer.ignore .get_maintainer.ignore: add myself 2026-04-02 16:48:25 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore SPDX patches for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:06:22 -07:00
.mailmap mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
.pylintrc docs: Move the python libraries to tools/lib/python 2025-11-18 09:22:40 -07:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Kbuild checksyscalls: move instance functionality into generic code 2026-04-05 09:21:32 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS dmaengine updates for v7.2 2026-06-23 15:51:14 -07:00
Makefile SPDX patches for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:06:22 -07:00
README docs: add AI Coding Assistants documentation 2026-01-06 14:55:06 -07:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst