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Tim Chen 3324b2180c sched/fair: Skip sched_balance_running cmpxchg when balance is not due
The NUMA sched domain sets the SD_SERIALIZE flag by default, allowing
only one NUMA load balancing operation to run system-wide at a time.

Currently, each sched group leader directly under NUMA domain attempts
to acquire the global sched_balance_running flag via cmpxchg() before
checking whether load balancing is due or whether it is the designated
load balancer for that NUMA domain. On systems with a large number
of cores, this causes significant cache contention on the shared
sched_balance_running flag.

This patch reduces unnecessary cmpxchg() operations by first checking
that the balancer is the designated leader for a NUMA domain from
should_we_balance(), and the balance interval has expired before
trying to acquire sched_balance_running to load balance a NUMA
domain.

On a 2-socket Granite Rapids system with sub-NUMA clustering enabled,
running an OLTP workload, 7.8% of total CPU cycles were previously spent
in sched_balance_domain() contending on sched_balance_running before
this change.

         : 104              static __always_inline int arch_atomic_cmpxchg(atomic_t *v, int old, int new)
         : 105              {
         : 106              return arch_cmpxchg(&v->counter, old, new);
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e6c:       xor    %eax,%eax
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e6e:       mov    $0x1,%ecx
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e73:       lock cmpxchg %ecx,0x2394195(%rip)        # ffffffff836bb010 <sched_balance_running>
         : 110              sched_balance_domains():
         : 12234            if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&sched_balance_running, 0, 1))
   99.39 :   ffffffff81326e7b:       test   %eax,%eax
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e7d:       jne    ffffffff81326e99 <sched_balance_domains+0x209>
         : 12238            if (time_after_eq(jiffies, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e7f:       mov    0x14e2b3a(%rip),%rax        # ffffffff828099c0 <jiffies_64>
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e86:       sub    0x48(%r14),%rax
    0.00 :   ffffffff81326e8a:       cmp    %rdx,%rax

After applying this fix, sched_balance_domain() is gone from the profile
and there is a 5% throughput improvement.

[peterz: made it so that redo retains the 'lock' and split out the
         CPU_NEWLY_IDLE change to a separate patch]
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Mohini Narkhede <mohini.narkhede@intel.com>
Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/6fed119b723c71552943bfe5798c93851b30a361.1762800251.git.tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com
History 2025-11-17 17:12:00 +01:00
arch Merge branch 'linus/master' into sched/core, to resolve conflict 2025-10-29 08:42:28 +01:00
block block-6.18-20251023 2025-10-24 12:48:19 -07:00
certs sign-file,extract-cert: use pkcs11 provider for OPENSSL MAJOR >= 3 2024-09-20 19:52:48 +03:00
crypto This push contains the following changes: 2025-10-10 08:56:16 -07:00
Documentation tty/serial driver bugfixes for 6.18-rc3 2025-10-26 10:24:39 -07:00
drivers Char/Misc driver fixes for 6.18-rc3 2025-10-26 10:33:46 -07:00
fs - Remove dead code leftovers after a recent mitigations cleanup which fail 2025-10-26 09:57:18 -07:00
include sched/deadline: Fix dl_server stop condition 2025-11-11 12:33:39 +01:00
init printk changes for 6.18 2025-10-04 11:13:11 -07:00
io_uring io_uring: fix buffer auto-commit for multishot uring_cmd 2025-10-23 19:41:31 -06:00
ipc namespace-6.18-rc1 2025-09-29 11:20:29 -07:00
kernel sched/fair: Skip sched_balance_running cmpxchg when balance is not due 2025-11-17 17:12:00 +01:00
lib lib/crypto: poly1305: Restore dependency of arch code on !KMSAN 2025-10-22 10:52:10 -07:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Replace the obsolete address of the FSF in the GFDL-1.2 2025-07-24 11:15:39 +02:00
mm slab fixes for 6.18-rc3 2025-10-24 12:40:51 -07:00
net Including fixes from can. Slim pickings, I'm guessing people haven't 2025-10-23 07:03:18 -10:00
rust Driver core fixes for 6.18-rc3 2025-10-25 11:03:46 -07:00
samples Char/Misc/IIO/Binder changes for 6.18-rc1 2025-10-04 16:26:32 -07:00
scripts Kbuild fixes for 6.18 #1 2025-10-11 15:47:12 -07:00
security integrity-v6.18 2025-10-05 10:48:33 -07:00
sound ALSA: hda/realtek: Fix mute led for HP Omen 17-cb0xxx 2025-10-17 16:37:21 +02:00
tools - Fix x32 build due to wrong format specifier on that sub-arch 2025-10-26 09:44:36 -07:00
usr gen_init_cpio: Ignore fsync() returning EINVAL on pipes 2025-10-07 09:53:05 -07:00
virt KVM x86 fixes for 6.18: 2025-10-18 10:25:43 +02:00
.clang-format memblock: drop for_each_free_mem_pfn_range_in_zone_from() 2025-09-14 08:49:03 +03:00
.clippy.toml rust: clean Rust 1.88.0's warning about clippy::disallowed_macros configuration 2025-05-07 00:11:47 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.editorconfig .editorconfig: remove trim_trailing_whitespace option 2024-06-13 16:47:52 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore MAINTAINERS: remove Alyssa Rosenzweig 2025-09-18 21:17:31 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore .gitignore: ignore compile_commands.json globally 2025-08-12 15:53:55 -07:00
.mailmap MAINTAINERS: Update Alex Williamson's email address 2025-10-20 15:45:03 -06:00
.pylintrc tools: docs: parse-headers.py: move it from sphinx dir 2025-08-29 15:54:42 -06:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS USB/Thunderbolt changes for 6.18-rc1 2025-10-04 16:07:08 -07:00
Kbuild sched: Make migrate_{en,dis}able() inline 2025-09-25 09:57:16 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS io_uring-6.18-20251023 2025-10-24 12:44:31 -07:00
Makefile Linux 6.18-rc3 2025-10-26 15:59:49 -07:00
README README: Fix spelling 2024-03-18 03:36:32 -06:00

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the reStructuredText markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.