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Alexander Gordeev a794d65b13 mm/page_alloc: change all pageblocks migrate type on coalescing commit `7838a4eb8a` upstream. When a page is freed it coalesces with a buddy into a higher order page while possible. When the buddy page migrate type differs, it is expected to be updated to match the one of the page being freed. However, only the first pageblock of the buddy page is updated, while the rest of the pageblocks are left unchanged. That causes warnings in later expand() and other code paths (like below), since an inconsistency between migration type of the list containing the page and the page-owned pageblocks migration types is introduced. [ 308.986589] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 308.987227] page type is 0, passed migratetype is 1 (nr=256) [ 308.987275] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 5224 at mm/page_alloc.c:812 expand+0x23c/0x270 [ 308.987293] Modules linked in: algif_hash(E) af_alg(E) nft_fib_inet(E) nft_fib_ipv4(E) nft_fib_ipv6(E) nft_fib(E) nft_reject_inet(E) nf_reject_ipv4(E) nf_reject_ipv6(E) nft_reject(E) nft_ct(E) nft_chain_nat(E) nf_nat(E) nf_conntrack(E) nf_defrag_ipv6(E) nf_defrag_ipv4(E) nf_tables(E) s390_trng(E) vfio_ccw(E) mdev(E) vfio_iommu_type1(E) vfio(E) sch_fq_codel(E) drm(E) i2c_core(E) drm_panel_orientation_quirks(E) loop(E) nfnetlink(E) vsock_loopback(E) vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common(E) vsock(E) ctcm(E) fsm(E) diag288_wdt(E) watchdog(E) zfcp(E) scsi_transport_fc(E) ghash_s390(E) prng(E) aes_s390(E) des_generic(E) des_s390(E) libdes(E) sha3_512_s390(E) sha3_256_s390(E) sha_common(E) paes_s390(E) crypto_engine(E) pkey_cca(E) pkey_ep11(E) zcrypt(E) rng_core(E) pkey_pckmo(E) pkey(E) autofs4(E) [ 308.987439] Unloaded tainted modules: hmac_s390(E):2 [ 308.987650] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5224 Comm: mempig_verify Kdump: loaded Tainted: G E 6.18.0-gcc-bpf-debug #431 PREEMPT [ 308.987657] Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE [ 308.987661] Hardware name: IBM 3906 M04 704 (z/VM 7.3.0) [ 308.987666] Krnl PSW : 0404f00180000000 00000349976fa600 (expand+0x240/0x270) [ 308.987676] R:0 T:1 IO:0 EX:0 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:3 PM:0 RI:0 EA:3 [ 308.987682] Krnl GPRS: 0000034980000004 0000000000000005 0000000000000030 000003499a0e6d88 [ 308.987688] 0000000000000005 0000034980000005 000002be803ac000 0000023efe6c8300 [ 308.987692] 0000000000000008 0000034998d57290 000002be00000100 0000023e00000008 [ 308.987696] 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000349976fa5fc 000002c99b1eb6f0 [ 308.987708] Krnl Code: 00000349976fa5f0: c020008a02f2 larl %r2,000003499883abd4 00000349976fa5f6: c0e5ffe3f4b5 brasl %r14,0000034997378f60 #00000349976fa5fc: af000000 mc 0,0 >00000349976fa600: a7f4ff4c brc 15,00000349976fa498 00000349976fa604: b9040026 lgr %r2,%r6 00000349976fa608: c0300088317f larl %r3,0000034998800906 00000349976fa60e: c0e5fffdb6e1 brasl %r14,00000349976b13d0 00000349976fa614: af000000 mc 0,0 [ 308.987734] Call Trace: [ 308.987738] [<00000349976fa600>] expand+0x240/0x270 [ 308.987744] ([<00000349976fa5fc>] expand+0x23c/0x270) [ 308.987749] [<00000349976ff95e>] rmqueue_bulk+0x71e/0x940 [ 308.987754] [<00000349976ffd7e>] __rmqueue_pcplist+0x1fe/0x2a0 [ 308.987759] [<0000034997700966>] rmqueue.isra.0+0xb46/0xf40 [ 308.987763] [<0000034997703ec8>] get_page_from_freelist+0x198/0x8d0 [ 308.987768] [<0000034997706fa8>] __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x198/0x400 [ 308.987774] [<00000349977536f8>] alloc_pages_mpol+0xb8/0x220 [ 308.987781] [<0000034997753bf6>] folio_alloc_mpol_noprof+0x26/0xc0 [ 308.987786] [<0000034997753e4c>] vma_alloc_folio_noprof+0x6c/0xa0 [ 308.987791] [<0000034997775b22>] vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd+0x42/0x240 [ 308.987799] [<000003499777bfea>] __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page+0x3a/0x210 [ 308.987804] [<00000349976cb08e>] __handle_mm_fault+0x4de/0x500 [ 308.987809] [<00000349976cb14c>] handle_mm_fault+0x9c/0x3a0 [ 308.987813] [<000003499734d70e>] do_exception+0x1de/0x540 [ 308.987822] [<0000034998387390>] __do_pgm_check+0x130/0x220 [ 308.987830] [<000003499839a934>] pgm_check_handler+0x114/0x160 [ 308.987838] 3 locks held by mempig_verify/5224: [ 308.987842] #0: 0000023ea44c1e08 (vm_lock){++++}-{0:0}, at: lock_vma_under_rcu+0xb2/0x2a0 [ 308.987859] #1: 0000023ee4d41b18 (&pcp->lock){+.+.}-{2:2}, at: rmqueue.isra.0+0xad6/0xf40 [ 308.987871] #2: 0000023efe6c8998 (&zone->lock){..-.}-{2:2}, at: rmqueue_bulk+0x5a/0x940 [ 308.987886] Last Breaking-Event-Address: [ 308.987890] [<0000034997379096>] __warn_printk+0x136/0x140 [ 308.987897] irq event stamp: 52330356 [ 308.987901] hardirqs last enabled at (52330355): [<000003499838742e>] __do_pgm_check+0x1ce/0x220 [ 308.987907] hardirqs last disabled at (52330356): [<000003499839932e>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x9e/0xe0 [ 308.987913] softirqs last enabled at (52329882): [<0000034997383786>] handle_softirqs+0x2c6/0x530 [ 308.987922] softirqs last disabled at (52329859): [<0000034997382f86>] __irq_exit_rcu+0x126/0x140 [ 308.987929] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 308.987936] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 308.987940] page type is 0, passed migratetype is 1 (nr=256) [ 308.987951] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 5224 at mm/page_alloc.c:860 __del_page_from_free_list+0x1be/0x1e0 [ 308.987960] Modules linked in: algif_hash(E) af_alg(E) nft_fib_inet(E) nft_fib_ipv4(E) nft_fib_ipv6(E) nft_fib(E) nft_reject_inet(E) nf_reject_ipv4(E) nf_reject_ipv6(E) nft_reject(E) nft_ct(E) nft_chain_nat(E) nf_nat(E) nf_conntrack(E) nf_defrag_ipv6(E) nf_defrag_ipv4(E) nf_tables(E) s390_trng(E) vfio_ccw(E) mdev(E) vfio_iommu_type1(E) vfio(E) sch_fq_codel(E) drm(E) i2c_core(E) drm_panel_orientation_quirks(E) loop(E) nfnetlink(E) vsock_loopback(E) vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common(E) vsock(E) ctcm(E) fsm(E) diag288_wdt(E) watchdog(E) zfcp(E) scsi_transport_fc(E) ghash_s390(E) prng(E) aes_s390(E) des_generic(E) des_s390(E) libdes(E) sha3_512_s390(E) sha3_256_s390(E) sha_common(E) paes_s390(E) crypto_engine(E) pkey_cca(E) pkey_ep11(E) zcrypt(E) rng_core(E) pkey_pckmo(E) pkey(E) autofs4(E) [ 308.988070] Unloaded tainted modules: hmac_s390(E):2 [ 308.988087] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5224 Comm: mempig_verify Kdump: loaded Tainted: G W E 6.18.0-gcc-bpf-debug #431 PREEMPT [ 308.988095] Tainted: [W]=WARN, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE [ 308.988100] Hardware name: IBM 3906 M04 704 (z/VM 7.3.0) [ 308.988105] Krnl PSW : 0404f00180000000 00000349976f9e32 (__del_page_from_free_list+0x1c2/0x1e0) [ 308.988118] R:0 T:1 IO:0 EX:0 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:3 CC:3 PM:0 RI:0 EA:3 [ 308.988127] Krnl GPRS: 0000034980000004 0000000000000005 0000000000000030 000003499a0e6d88 [ 308.988133] 0000000000000005 0000034980000005 0000034998d57290 0000023efe6c8300 [ 308.988139] 0000000000000001 0000000000000008 000002be00000100 000002be803ac000 [ 308.988144] 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000349976f9e2e 000002c99b1eb728 [ 308.988153] Krnl Code: 00000349976f9e22: c020008a06d9 larl %r2,000003499883abd4 00000349976f9e28: c0e5ffe3f89c brasl %r14,0000034997378f60 #00000349976f9e2e: af000000 mc 0,0 >00000349976f9e32: a7f4ff4e brc 15,00000349976f9cce 00000349976f9e36: b904002b lgr %r2,%r11 00000349976f9e3a: c030008a06e7 larl %r3,000003499883ac08 00000349976f9e40: c0e5fffdbac8 brasl %r14,00000349976b13d0 00000349976f9e46: af000000 mc 0,0 [ 308.988184] Call Trace: [ 308.988188] [<00000349976f9e32>] __del_page_from_free_list+0x1c2/0x1e0 [ 308.988195] ([<00000349976f9e2e>] __del_page_from_free_list+0x1be/0x1e0) [ 308.988202] [<00000349976ff946>] rmqueue_bulk+0x706/0x940 [ 308.988208] [<00000349976ffd7e>] __rmqueue_pcplist+0x1fe/0x2a0 [ 308.988214] [<0000034997700966>] rmqueue.isra.0+0xb46/0xf40 [ 308.988221] [<0000034997703ec8>] get_page_from_freelist+0x198/0x8d0 [ 308.988227] [<0000034997706fa8>] __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x198/0x400 [ 308.988233] [<00000349977536f8>] alloc_pages_mpol+0xb8/0x220 [ 308.988240] [<0000034997753bf6>] folio_alloc_mpol_noprof+0x26/0xc0 [ 308.988247] [<0000034997753e4c>] vma_alloc_folio_noprof+0x6c/0xa0 [ 308.988253] [<0000034997775b22>] vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd+0x42/0x240 [ 308.988260] [<000003499777bfea>] __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page+0x3a/0x210 [ 308.988267] [<00000349976cb08e>] __handle_mm_fault+0x4de/0x500 [ 308.988273] [<00000349976cb14c>] handle_mm_fault+0x9c/0x3a0 [ 308.988279] [<000003499734d70e>] do_exception+0x1de/0x540 [ 308.988286] [<0000034998387390>] __do_pgm_check+0x130/0x220 [ 308.988293] [<000003499839a934>] pgm_check_handler+0x114/0x160 [ 308.988300] 3 locks held by mempig_verify/5224: [ 308.988305] #0: 0000023ea44c1e08 (vm_lock){++++}-{0:0}, at: lock_vma_under_rcu+0xb2/0x2a0 [ 308.988322] #1: 0000023ee4d41b18 (&pcp->lock){+.+.}-{2:2}, at: rmqueue.isra.0+0xad6/0xf40 [ 308.988334] #2: 0000023efe6c8998 (&zone->lock){..-.}-{2:2}, at: rmqueue_bulk+0x5a/0x940 [ 308.988346] Last Breaking-Event-Address: [ 308.988350] [<0000034997379096>] __warn_printk+0x136/0x140 [ 308.988356] irq event stamp: 52330356 [ 308.988360] hardirqs last enabled at (52330355): [<000003499838742e>] __do_pgm_check+0x1ce/0x220 [ 308.988366] hardirqs last disabled at (52330356): [<000003499839932e>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x9e/0xe0 [ 308.988373] softirqs last enabled at (52329882): [<0000034997383786>] handle_softirqs+0x2c6/0x530 [ 308.988380] softirqs last disabled at (52329859): [<0000034997382f86>] __irq_exit_rcu+0x126/0x140 [ 308.988388] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251215081002.3353900A9c-agordeev@linux.ibm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251212151457.3898073Add-agordeev@linux.ibm.com Fixes: `e6cf9e1c4c` ("mm: page_alloc: fix up block types when merging compatible blocks") Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Reported-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/87wmalyktd.fsf@linux.ibm.com/ Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Cc: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>		History 2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
arch	LoongArch: Use unsigned long for _end and _text	2026-01-08 10:17:06 +01:00
block	block: Clear BLK_ZONE_WPLUG_PLUGGED when aborting plugged BIOs	2026-01-08 10:16:58 +01:00
certs	sign-file,extract-cert: use pkcs11 provider for OPENSSL MAJOR >= 3	2024-09-20 19:52:48 +03:00
crypto	crypto: seqiv - Do not use req->iv after crypto_aead_encrypt	2026-01-08 10:16:43 +01:00
Documentation	dt-bindings: PCI: qcom,pcie-sm8550: Add missing required power-domains and resets	2026-01-02 12:57:27 +01:00
drivers	pmdomain: imx: Fix reference count leak in imx_gpc_probe()	2026-01-08 10:17:09 +01:00
fs	lockd: fix vfs_test_lock() calls	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
include	kernel/kexec: change the prototype of kimage_map_segment()	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
init	printk changes for 6.18	2025-10-04 11:13:11 -07:00
io_uring	io_uring/rsrc: fix lost entries after cloned range	2026-01-02 12:57:30 +01:00
ipc	namespace-6.18-rc1	2025-09-29 11:20:29 -07:00
kernel	kernel/kexec: fix IMA when allocation happens in CMA area	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
lib	idr: fix idr_alloc() returning an ID out of range	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
LICENSES	LICENSES: Replace the obsolete address of the FSF in the GFDL-1.2	2025-07-24 11:15:39 +02:00
mm	mm/page_alloc: change all pageblocks migrate type on coalescing	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
net	mptcp: fallback earlier on simult connection	2026-01-08 10:17:09 +01:00
rust	rust: io: add typedef for phys_addr_t	2026-01-02 12:57:05 +01:00
samples	samples: rust: fix endianness issue in rust_driver_pci	2026-01-02 12:57:05 +01:00
scripts	mcb: Add missing modpost build support	2026-01-08 10:16:47 +01:00
security	kernel/kexec: change the prototype of kimage_map_segment()	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
sound	ASoC: qcom: qdsp6: q6asm-dai: set 10 ms period and buffer alignment.	2026-01-08 10:16:54 +01:00
tools	idr: fix idr_alloc() returning an ID out of range	2026-01-08 10:17:10 +01:00
usr	gen_init_cpio: Ignore fsync() returning EINVAL on pipes	2025-10-07 09:53:05 -07:00
virt	KVM: Fix last_boosted_vcpu index assignment bug	2026-01-02 12:57:21 +01:00
.clang-format	memblock: drop for_each_free_mem_pfn_range_in_zone_from()	2025-09-14 08:49:03 +03:00
.clippy.toml	rust: clean Rust 1.88.0's warning about `clippy::disallowed_macros` configuration	2025-05-07 00:11:47 +02:00
.cocciconfig	scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle	2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.editorconfig	.editorconfig: remove trim_trailing_whitespace option	2024-06-13 16:47:52 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore	MAINTAINERS: remove Alyssa Rosenzweig	2025-09-18 21:17:31 +02:00
.gitattributes	.gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files	2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore	.gitignore: ignore compile_commands.json globally	2025-08-12 15:53:55 -07:00
.mailmap	8 hotfixes. 4 are cc:stable, 7 are against mm/.	2025-11-26 12:38:05 -08:00
.pylintrc	tools: docs: parse-headers.py: move it from sphinx dir	2025-08-29 15:54:42 -06:00
.rustfmt.toml	rust: add `.rustfmt.toml`	2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING	COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file	2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS	MAINTAINERS: mark ISDN subsystem as orphan	2025-10-27 17:49:45 -07:00
Kbuild	sched: Make migrate_{en,dis}able() inline	2025-09-25 09:57:16 +02:00
Kconfig	io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig	2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS	soc: fixes for 6.18, part 4	2025-11-28 09:57:31 -08:00
Makefile	Linux 6.18.3	2026-01-02 12:57:31 +01:00
README	README: Fix spelling	2024-03-18 03:36:32 -06:00

README

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
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There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
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Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
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the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.