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Lu Baolu b342895051 iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set 
commit 72f98ef9a4 upstream.

Patch series "Fix stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space", v7.

This proposes a fix for a security vulnerability related to IOMMU Shared
Virtual Addressing (SVA).  In an SVA context, an IOMMU can cache kernel
page table entries.  When a kernel page table page is freed and
reallocated for another purpose, the IOMMU might still hold stale,
incorrect entries.  This can be exploited to cause a use-after-free or
write-after-free condition, potentially leading to privilege escalation or
data corruption.

This solution introduces a deferred freeing mechanism for kernel page
table pages, which provides a safe window to notify the IOMMU to
invalidate its caches before the page is reused.


This patch (of 8):

In the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware
shares and walks the CPU's page tables.  The x86 architecture maps the
kernel's virtual address space into the upper portion of every process's
page table.  Consequently, in an SVA context, the IOMMU hardware can walk
and cache kernel page table entries.

The Linux kernel currently lacks a notification mechanism for kernel page
table changes, specifically when page table pages are freed and reused.
The IOMMU driver is only notified of changes to user virtual address
mappings.  This can cause the IOMMU's internal caches to retain stale
entries for kernel VA.

Use-After-Free (UAF) and Write-After-Free (WAF) conditions arise when
kernel page table pages are freed and later reallocated.  The IOMMU could
misinterpret the new data as valid page table entries.  The IOMMU might
then walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical
memory DMA access or privilege escalation.  This is also a
Write-After-Free issue, as the IOMMU will potentially continue to write
Accessed and Dirty bits to the freed memory while attempting to walk the
stale page tables.

Currently, SVA contexts are unprivileged and cannot access kernel
mappings.  However, the IOMMU will still walk kernel-only page tables all
the way down to the leaf entries, where it realizes the mapping is for the
kernel and errors out.  This means the IOMMU still caches these
intermediate page table entries, making the described vulnerability a real
concern.

Disable SVA on x86 architecture until the IOMMU can receive notification
to flush the paging cache before freeing the CPU kernel page table pages.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251022082635.2462433-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251022082635.2462433-2-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Fixes: 26b25a2b98 ("iommu: Bind process address spaces to devices")
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Betkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe@linaro.org>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Robin Murohy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleinxer <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "Uladzislau Rezki (Sony)" <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: Vasant Hegde <vasant.hegde@amd.com>
Cc: Vinicius Costa Gomes <vinicius.gomes@intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Yi Lai <yi1.lai@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[ The context change is due to the commit
  be51b1d6bb ("iommu/sva: Refactoring iommu_sva_bind/unbind_device()")
  and the commit 757636ed26 ("iommu: Rename iommu-sva-lib.{c,h}")
  in v6.2 which are irrelevant to the logic of this patch. ]
Signed-off-by: Rahul Sharma <black.hawk@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
History 2026-02-11 13:35:34 +01:00
arch riscv: uprobes: Add missing fence.i after building the XOL buffer 2026-02-11 13:35:33 +01:00
block block,bfq: fix aux stat accumulation destination 2026-02-11 13:35:29 +01:00
certs certs/blacklist_hashes.c: fix const confusion in certs blacklist 2022-06-22 14:22:01 +02:00
crypto crypto: authencesn - reject too-short AAD (assoclen<8) to match ESP/ESN spec 2026-02-06 16:41:53 +01:00
Documentation timers: Update the documentation to reflect on the new timer_shutdown() API 2026-02-11 13:35:28 +01:00
drivers iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set 2026-02-11 13:35:34 +01:00
fs gfs2: Fix NULL pointer dereference in gfs2_log_flush 2026-02-11 13:35:33 +01:00
include timers: Provide timer_shutdown[_sync]() 2026-02-11 13:35:28 +01:00
init init: handle bootloader identifier in kernel parameters 2025-10-19 16:21:45 +02:00
io_uring io_uring: fix filename leak in __io_openat_prep() 2026-01-19 13:09:54 +01:00
ipc ipc: fix to protect IPCS lookups using RCU 2025-06-27 11:05:26 +01:00
kernel tracing: Fix ftrace event field alignments 2026-02-11 13:35:33 +01:00
lib lib/crypto: aes: Fix missing MMU protection for AES S-box 2026-01-19 13:10:13 +01:00
LICENSES LICENSES/dual/CC-BY-4.0: Git rid of "smart quotes" 2021-07-15 06:31:24 -06:00
mm mm/kfence: randomize the freelist on initialization 2026-02-11 13:35:27 +01:00
net Bluetooth: hci_event: call disconnect callback before deleting conn 2026-02-11 13:35:34 +01:00
samples samples: mei: Fix building on musl libc 2025-08-28 16:24:07 +02:00
scripts kbuild: Use CRC32 and a 1MiB dictionary for XZ compressed modules 2026-01-19 13:10:05 +01:00
security KEYS: trusted: Fix a memory leak in tpm2_load_cmd 2026-01-19 13:09:48 +01:00
sound ASoC: amd: fix memory leak in acp3x pdm dma ops 2026-02-11 13:35:33 +01:00
tools testptp: Add option to open PHC in readonly mode 2026-02-06 16:41:52 +01:00
usr kbuild: hdrcheck: fix cross build with clang 2025-06-27 11:05:22 +01:00
virt KVM: Don't clobber irqfd routing type when deassigning irqfd 2026-02-11 13:35:27 +01:00
.clang-format clang-format: Update with the latest for_each macro list 2021-05-12 23:32:39 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: use 'dts' diff driver for dts files 2019-12-04 19:44:11 -08:00
.gitignore Remove *.orig pattern from .gitignore 2024-10-17 15:11:10 +02:00
.mailmap mailmap: add Andrej Shadura 2021-10-18 20:22:03 -10:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Move Daniel Drake to credits 2021-09-21 08:34:58 +03:00
Kbuild kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y 2020-02-04 01:53:07 +09:00
Kconfig kbuild: ensure full rebuild when the compiler is updated 2020-05-12 13:28:33 +09:00
MAINTAINERS staging: rtl8712: Remove driver using deprecated API wext 2025-12-07 06:09:36 +09:00
Makefile Linux 5.15.199 2026-02-06 16:42:06 +01:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

README 

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.