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Desnes Nunes c6e63fc8e8 iommu/vt-d: Fix UCTP context table slot when copying root entries
When translation is already enabled at boot (e.g. kdump), the vt-d driver
copies context tables from the previous kernel's root table. In scalable
mode, buses that only populate the upper root half (UCTP, devfn >= 0x80)
should be written to ctxt_tbls[tbl_idx + 1] through copy_context_table().
However, the current copy path always uses tbl[tbl_idx + 0] in this situa-
tion. Since idx wraps to 0 at devfn 0x80 due to a zeroed LCTP, new_ce for
LCTP will be NULL and keep pos equals to 0. Thus, UCTP entries will be co-
pied into tbl[tbl_idx + 0] instead of tbl[tbl_idx + 1], and written after-
wards to root_entry[bus].lo instead of .hi in copy_translation_tables().

In short, devices on bus 0x80 with devfn >= 0x80 fail DMA with fault 0x39,
which will break drivers running in kernels with translation pre-enabled.
This fixes NO_PASID DMAR faults for UCTP-only buses such as:

DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [80:14.0] fault addr 0xe81759000
      [fault reason 0x39] SM: Present bit in Root Entry is clear

For instance, this fault yielded to locking issues between systemd and
xHCI, blocking a system's reboot after a vmcore was captured with kdump:

 systemd-udevd[246]: usb3: Worker [255] processing SEQNUM=2193 is taking a long time
 dracut-initqueue[277]: Timed out while waiting for udev queue to empty.
 systemd-udevd[246]: usb3: Worker [255] processing SEQNUM=2193 killed
 systemd-udevd[246]: usb3: Worker [255] terminated by signal 9 (KILL).
 ...
 kdump[569]: saving vmcore complete
 ...
 systemd-shutdown[1]: Rebooting.
 INFO: task kworker/0:1:11 blocked for more than 122 seconds.
       Not tainted 7.0.0-clean #1
 "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
 task:kworker/0:1 state:D stack:0 pid:11 tgid:11 ppid:2 task_flags:0x4208160 flags:0x00080000
 Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  __schedule+0x299/0x5c0
  schedule+0x27/0x80
  schedule_timeout+0xbd/0x100
  __wait_for_common+0x97/0x1b0
  ? __pfx_schedule_timeout+0x10/0x10
  xhci_alloc_dev+0x9e/0x2b0
  usb_alloc_dev+0x7a/0x3b0
  hub_port_connect+0x285/0x960
  hub_port_connect_change+0x94/0x290
  port_event+0x4bb/0x840
  hub_event+0x141/0x460
  process_one_work+0x196/0x390
  worker_thread+0x1af/0x320
  ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
  kthread+0xe3/0x120
  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
  ret_from_fork+0x199/0x260
  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
  </TASK>
 INFO: task systemd-shutdow:1 blocked for more than 122 seconds.
       Not tainted 7.0.0-clean #1
 "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
 task:systemd-shutdow state:D stack:0 pid:1 tgid:1 ppid:0 task_flags:0x400100 flags:0x00080000
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  __schedule+0x299/0x5c0
  schedule+0x27/0x80
  schedule_preempt_disabled+0x15/0x30
  __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x547/0xac0
  device_shutdown+0xac/0x1b0
  kernel_restart+0x3a/0x70
  __do_sys_reboot+0x147/0x240
  do_syscall_64+0x11b/0x6a0
  ? handle_mm_fault+0x110/0x350
  ? do_user_addr_fault+0x206/0x680
  ? irqentry_exit+0x7a/0x4d0
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
 RIP: 0033:0x7fe2958da917
 RSP: 002b:00007ffc5c458618 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000a9
 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fe2958da917
 RDX: 0000000001234567 RSI: 0000000028121969 RDI: 00000000fee1dead
 RBP: 00007ffc5c458790 R08: 0000000000000069 R09: 00000000ffffffff
 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 0000000000000000
 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007ffc5c4588b8 R15: 0000000000000000
  </TASK>
 INFO: task systemd-shutdow:1 is blocked on a mutex likely owned by task kworker/0:1:11.

Fixes: 091d42e43d ("iommu/vt-d: Copy translation tables from old kernel")
Signed-off-by: Desnes Nunes <desnesn@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Tao Liu <ltao@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
History 2026-08-10 10:04:02 +02:00
arch - Prevent OOB access in the resctrl code while offlining 2026-07-05 05:37:46 -10:00
block block: handle REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND in __bio_integrity_action 2026-06-24 06:53:25 -06:00
certs treewide: fix indentation and whitespace in Kconfig files 2026-05-28 21:24:42 -07:00
crypto mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Documentation sound fixes for 7.2-rc2 2026-07-05 05:26:45 -10:00
drivers iommu/vt-d: Fix UCTP context table slot when copying root entries 2026-08-10 10:04:02 +02:00
fs - Prevent OOB access in the resctrl code while offlining 2026-07-05 05:37:46 -10:00
include drm fixes for 7.2-rc2 2026-07-03 15:42:20 -10:00
init mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
io_uring io_uring-7.2-20260625 2026-06-25 09:53:31 -07:00
ipc kernel-7.2-rc1.misc 2026-06-15 03:05:50 +05:30
kernel Misc perf events fixes: 2026-07-05 05:34:43 -10:00
lib RISC-V updates for v7.2-rc2 2026-07-03 15:07:24 -10:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Add modern form of the LGPL-2.1 tags to the usage guide section 2025-10-22 07:58:19 +02:00
mm block-7.2-20260625 2026-06-25 09:56:47 -07:00
net Split <linux/mod_devicetable.h> in per subsystem headers 2026-07-02 20:54:26 -10:00
rust Rust changes for v7.2 (addendum) 2026-06-24 15:11:08 -07:00
samples tracing/events: Fix to check the simple_tsk_fn creation 2026-06-30 23:58:19 +09:00
scripts scripts/sorttable: Handle RISC-V patchable ftrace entries 2026-06-25 13:15:03 -06:00
security bpf: Reject BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE creation if BPF LSM is uninitialized 2026-06-30 16:31:56 +02:00
sound sound fixes for 7.2-rc2 2026-07-05 05:26:45 -10:00
tools Misc perf events fixes: 2026-07-05 05:34:43 -10:00
usr kbuild: uapi: also test UAPI headers against C++ compilers 2026-03-25 13:24:42 +01:00
virt s390: 2026-06-25 10:21:13 -07:00
.clang-format clang-format: fix formatting of guard() and scoped_guard() statements 2026-05-28 21:24:41 -07:00
.clippy.toml rust: bump Clippy's MSRV and clean incompatible_msrv allows 2026-04-07 09:51:39 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.editorconfig editorconfig: add rst extension 2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
.get_maintainer.ignore .get_maintainer.ignore: add myself 2026-04-02 16:48:25 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore SPDX patches for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:06:22 -07:00
.mailmap MAINTAINERS: Update Jason Wang's email address 2026-06-29 19:09:00 -07:00
.pylintrc docs: Move the python libraries to tools/lib/python 2025-11-18 09:22:40 -07:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Kbuild checksyscalls: move instance functionality into generic code 2026-04-05 09:21:32 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS sound fixes for 7.2-rc2 2026-07-05 05:26:45 -10:00
Makefile Linux 7.2-rc2 2026-07-05 14:44:06 -10:00
README docs: add AI Coding Assistants documentation 2026-01-06 14:55:06 -07:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst