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Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) d575951980 x86/alternative: delay freeing of smp_locks section
On SMP systems alternative_instructions() frees memory occupied by
smp_locks section immediately after patching the lock instructions.

The memory is freed using free_init_pages() that calls free_reserved_area()
that essentially does __free_page() for every page in the range.

Up until recently it didn't update memblock state so in cases when
CONFIG_ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK is enabled (on x86 it is selected by
INTEL_TDX_HOST), the state of memblock and the memory map would be
inconsistent.

Additionally, with CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT enabled, freeing of
smp_locks happens before the memory map is fully initialized and freeing
reserved memory may cause an access to not-yet-initialized struct page when
__free_page() searches for a buddy page.

Following the discussion in [1], implementation of memblock_free_late() and
free_reserved_area() was unified to ensure that reserved memory that's
freed after memblock transfers the pages to the buddy allocator is actually
freed and that the memblock and the memory map are consistent. As a part of
these changes, free_reserved_area() now WARN()s when it is called before
the initialization of the memory map is complete.

The memory map is fully initialized in page_alloc_init_late() that
completes before initcalls are executed, so it is safe to free reserved
memory in any initcall except early_initcall().

Move freeing of smp_locks section to an initcall to ensure it will happen
after the memory map is fully initialized. Since it does not matter which
exactly initcall to use and the code lives in arch/, pick arch_initcall.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ec2aaef14783869b3be6e3c253b2dcbf67dbc12a.camel@kernel.crashing.org

Reported-By: Bert Karwatzki <spasswolf@web.de>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-lkp/202603302154.b50adaf1-lkp@intel.com
Tested-By: Bert Karwatzki <spasswolf@web.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260327140109.7561-1-spasswolf@web.de
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Fixes: b2129a3951 ("memblock: make free_reserved_area() update memblock if ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK=y")
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
History 2026-04-03 17:38:34 +03:00
arch x86/alternative: delay freeing of smp_locks section 2026-04-03 17:38:34 +03:00
block block-7.0-20260305 2026-03-06 08:36:18 -08:00
certs Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
crypto crypto: testmgr - Fix stale references to aes-generic 2026-03-03 11:57:15 -08:00
Documentation ARM: 2026-03-15 12:22:10 -07:00
drivers memblock, treewide: make memblock_free() handle late freeing 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
fs A small pile of CephFS and messenger bug fixes, all marked for stable. 2026-03-13 14:03:58 -07:00
include memblock, treewide: make memblock_free() handle late freeing 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
init memblock: make free_reserved_area() update memblock if ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK=y 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
io_uring io_uring-7.0-20260312 2026-03-13 10:09:35 -07:00
ipc Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
kernel memblock, treewide: make memblock_free() handle late freeing 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
lib memblock, treewide: make memblock_free() handle late freeing 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Add modern form of the LGPL-2.1 tags to the usage guide section 2025-10-22 07:58:19 +02:00
mm memblock: warn when freeing reserved memory before memory map is initialized 2026-04-01 11:20:15 +03:00
net A small pile of CephFS and messenger bug fixes, all marked for stable. 2026-03-13 14:03:58 -07:00
rust Rust fixes for v7.0 (2nd) 2026-03-14 12:35:16 -07:00
samples drm-fixes for 7.0-rc4 2026-03-13 15:38:55 -07:00
scripts Hi Dave and Sima, 2026-03-13 10:40:17 +10:00
security apparmor: fix race between freeing data and fs accessing it 2026-03-09 16:05:44 -07:00
sound ASoC: Fixes for v7.0 2026-03-12 12:59:28 +01:00
tools mm: move free_reserved_area() to mm/memblock.c 2026-04-01 11:19:46 +03:00
usr kbuild: uapi: drop dependency on CC_CAN_LINK 2026-01-16 15:02:11 -07:00
virt KVM generic changes for 7.0 2026-03-11 18:01:55 +01:00
.clang-format Devicetree updates for v7.0: 2026-02-11 18:27:08 -08:00
.clippy.toml rust: clean Rust 1.88.0's warning about clippy::disallowed_macros configuration 2025-05-07 00:11:47 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.editorconfig editorconfig: add rst extension 2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
.get_maintainer.ignore MAINTAINERS: remove Alyssa Rosenzweig 2025-09-18 21:17:31 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore rust: kbuild: add proc macro library support 2025-11-24 17:15:36 +01:00
.mailmap 15 hotfixes. 6 are cc:stable. 14 are for MM. 2026-03-10 12:47:56 -07:00
.pylintrc docs: Move the python libraries to tools/lib/python 2025-11-18 09:22:40 -07:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: remove Thomas Falcon from IBM ibmvnic 2026-03-05 07:35:45 -08:00
Kbuild sched: Make migrate_{en,dis}able() inline 2025-09-25 09:57:16 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS drm-fixes for 7.0-rc4 2026-03-13 15:38:55 -07:00
Makefile Linux 7.0-rc4 2026-03-15 13:52:05 -07:00
README docs: add AI Coding Assistants documentation 2026-01-06 14:55:06 -07:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst