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Author SHA1 Message Date
Joseph Qi
cd789996db ocfs2: cluster: avoid lock order inversion in o2hb_region_pin() from drop_item
o2hb_heartbeat_group_drop_item() is called from configfs rmdir with the
parent directory's inode_lock held.  It calls o2hb_region_pin() ->
o2nm_depend_item() -> configfs_depend_item(), which acquires the configfs
root inode_lock.  This creates a parent -> root inode_lock nesting that
could deadlock against paths taking root -> parent (e.g.  subsystem
unregistration).

Fix this by using configfs_depend_item_unlocked() when o2hb_region_pin()
is called from a configfs callback context.  This variant skips the root
inode_lock when caller and target are in the same subsystem, which is safe
because VFS already holds a lock preventing unregistration.

Add o2nm_depend_item_unlocked() wrapper and a from_callback parameter to
o2hb_region_pin() to select the appropriate variant.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260722124933.430554-3-joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com
Fixes: 58a3158a5d ("ocfs2/cluster: Pin/unpin o2hb regions")
Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn>
Cc: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:12 -07:00
Joseph Qi
af09df89db ocfs2: cluster: don't sleep while holding o2hb_live_lock in o2hb_region_pin()
Patch series "ocfs2: cluster: o2hb_region_pin() fixes", v2.

This series fixes three related issues in o2hb_region_pin(), all are from
the original implementation in commit: 58a3158a5d ("ocfs2/cluster:
Pin/unpin o2hb regions"):

1) It is called with o2hb_live_lock (a spinlock) held, but the
   underlying configfs_depend_item() sleeps (takes inode rwsem and
   pins the filesystem).  This triggers BUG under
   CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP.

2) When called from the configfs drop_item callback, it creates a
   lock order inversion: parent inode_lock -> configfs root
   inode_lock, which can deadlock against subsystem unregistration
   paths taking root -> parent.

3) If pinning fails partway through o2hb_region_inc_user(), the
   o2hb_dependent_users counter is leaked and partially-pinned
   regions are never released, leaving heartbeat regions
   unprotected on subsequent mounts.

Patch 1 reworks o2hb_region_pin() to drop o2hb_live_lock across each
sleeping configfs_depend_item() call, using a config_item reference to
keep the region alive while unlocked.

Patch 2 adds a from_callback parameter to select
configfs_depend_item_unlocked() when called from configfs context,
avoiding the inode_lock nesting.

Patch 3 fixes the error path in o2hb_region_inc_user() to unpin and
decrement the counter on failure.


This patch (of 3):

o2hb_region_pin() is always called with the o2hb_live_lock spinlock held
(from o2hb_region_inc_user() and o2hb_heartbeat_group_drop_item()), but it
calls o2nm_depend_item() -> configfs_depend_item(), which sleeps: it pins
the configfs filesystem and takes the configfs root inode rwsem.  Under
CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP this triggers:

  BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/rwsem.c
  in_atomic(): 1, ... name: mount.ocfs2
    down_write
    configfs_depend_item
    o2hb_region_pin
    o2hb_region_inc_user
    o2hb_register_callback
    dlm_register_domain_handlers
    ...
    ocfs2_dlm_init
    ocfs2_mount_volume
    ocfs2_fill_super

Rework o2hb_region_pin() to pin one region at a time with the lock dropped
across the sleeping call: under o2hb_live_lock find the next eligible
region and take a config_item reference to keep it alive, drop the lock,
call o2nm_depend_item(), then retake the lock and record the pin.  The
config_item_put() is done with the lock released as well, since
o2hb_region_release() also acquires o2hb_live_lock and can sleep.  The
region list may change while unlocked, so the scan restarts from the top
after each pin.  Local heartbeat still pins only the matching region;
global heartbeat pins all eligible regions.

The unpin path is unaffected: configfs_undepend_item() only takes a
spinlock and does not sleep.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260722124933.430554-1-joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260722124933.430554-2-joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com
Fixes: 58a3158a5d ("ocfs2/cluster: Pin/unpin o2hb regions")
Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn>
Cc: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:12 -07:00
Dmitry Antipov
82ea9d4fc0 ocfs2: always run deallocs on copy-on-write completion
Local fuzzing of 6.12.94 has found the following memory leak
caused by doing 'copy_file_range()' within the same filesystem:

unreferenced object 0xffff88812192c980 (size 32):
  comm "syz.0.49", pid 12095, jiffies 4294964143
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
    c0 c5 92 21 81 88 ff ff 00 02 00 00 00 06 00 00  ...!............
  backtrace (crc 7068d63f):
    kmemleak_alloc_recursive include/linux/kmemleak.h:42 [inline]
    slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4152 [inline]
    slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4197 [inline]
    __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x168/0x2c0 mm/slub.c:4358
    kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:878 [inline]
    ocfs2_find_per_slot_free_list fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:6618 [inline]
    ocfs2_cache_block_dealloc+0x155/0x4b0 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:6786
    ocfs2_cache_extent_block_free fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:6819 [inline]
    ocfs2_unlink_path+0x286/0x450 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2613
    ocfs2_rotate_subtree_left fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2779 [inline]
    __ocfs2_rotate_tree_left+0x1f6f/0x2da0 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2985
    ocfs2_rotate_tree_left+0x283/0xe00 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:3237
    ocfs2_try_to_merge_extent+0xf56/0x1a20 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:3825
    ocfs2_split_extent+0x15f4/0x2940 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:5138
    ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount+0x2f6/0x550 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3098
    ocfs2_replace_clusters fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3131 [inline]
    ocfs2_make_clusters_writable fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3255 [inline]
    ocfs2_replace_cow+0x991/0x1660 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3349
    ocfs2_refcount_cow_hunk fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3427 [inline]
    ocfs2_refcount_cow+0x5e1/0x9f0 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3470
    ocfs2_prepare_inode_for_write fs/ocfs2/file.c:2340 [inline]
    ocfs2_file_write_iter+0xbda/0x1880 fs/ocfs2/file.c:2451
    iter_file_splice_write+0x890/0xf60 fs/splice.c:743
    do_splice_from fs/splice.c:944 [inline]
    direct_splice_actor+0x232/0x480 fs/splice.c:1167
    splice_direct_to_actor+0x4b4/0xb60 fs/splice.c:1111
    do_splice_direct_actor fs/splice.c:1210 [inline]
    do_splice_direct+0x10f/0x1c0 fs/splice.c:1236
    do_sendfile+0x430/0xbf0 fs/read_write.c:1388

unreferenced object 0xffff88812192c5c0 (size 32):
  comm "syz.0.49", pid 12095, jiffies 4294964143
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
    29 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  )p..............
  backtrace (crc afec850f):
    kmemleak_alloc_recursive include/linux/kmemleak.h:42 [inline]
    slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4152 [inline]
    slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4197 [inline]
    __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x168/0x2c0 mm/slub.c:4358
    kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:878 [inline]
    kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1014 [inline]
    ocfs2_cache_block_dealloc+0x25c/0x4b0 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:6793
    ocfs2_cache_extent_block_free fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:6819 [inline]
    ocfs2_unlink_path+0x286/0x450 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2613
    ocfs2_rotate_subtree_left fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2779 [inline]
    __ocfs2_rotate_tree_left+0x1f6f/0x2da0 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:2985
    ocfs2_rotate_tree_left+0x283/0xe00 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:3237
    ocfs2_try_to_merge_extent+0xf56/0x1a20 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:3825
    ocfs2_split_extent+0x15f4/0x2940 fs/ocfs2/alloc.c:5138
    ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount+0x2f6/0x550 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3098
    ocfs2_replace_clusters fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3131 [inline]
    ocfs2_make_clusters_writable fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3255 [inline]
    ocfs2_replace_cow+0x991/0x1660 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3349
    ocfs2_refcount_cow_hunk fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3427 [inline]
    ocfs2_refcount_cow+0x5e1/0x9f0 fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:3470
    ocfs2_prepare_inode_for_write fs/ocfs2/file.c:2340 [inline]
    ocfs2_file_write_iter+0xbda/0x1880 fs/ocfs2/file.c:2451
    iter_file_splice_write+0x890/0xf60 fs/splice.c:743
    do_splice_from fs/splice.c:944 [inline]
    direct_splice_actor+0x232/0x480 fs/splice.c:1167
    splice_direct_to_actor+0x4b4/0xb60 fs/splice.c:1111
    do_splice_direct_actor fs/splice.c:1210 [inline]
    do_splice_direct+0x10f/0x1c0 fs/splice.c:1236
    do_sendfile+0x430/0xbf0 fs/read_write.c:1388

This happens when 'ocfs2_cache_block_dealloc()' called from
'ocfs2_cache_extent_block_free()' uses the suballocator to
schedule extent removal, so 'ocfs2_run_deallocs()' should
be run unconditionally to complete the removal with
'ocfs2_free_cached_blocks()'. An extra semi-automated static
analysis [1] suspects that the same scenario looks possible in
'ocfs2_attach_refcount_tree()' and 'ocfs2_reflink_remap_blocks()'
as well, but, since 'ocfs2_run_deallocs()' is a safe no-op for
an empty dealloc context, 'ocfs2_create_reflink_node()' and
'ocfs2_reflink_xattrs()' may be adjusted in the same way too,
thus keeping the code pattern consistent.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260721102840.387663-1-dmantipov@yandex.ru
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/ocfs2-devel/f1d7e266-4b44-41b9-98c0-5b3868a8d9c3@yandex.ru [1]
Fixes: 6f70fa5199 ("ocfs2: Add CoW support.")
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Antipov <dmantipov@yandex.ru>
Suggested-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn>
Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com>
Cc: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:11 -07:00
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
fe3ab00d55 perf libbfd: Fix memory leaks and NULL fclose in BPF disassembly
symbol__disassemble_bpf_libbfd() has four resource management bugs:

1. free(prog_linfo) leaks internal arrays.  bpf_prog_linfo contains
   raw_linfo, raw_jited_linfo, nr_jited_linfo_per_func, and
   jited_linfo_func_idx pointers that are only freed by the proper
   destructor bpf_prog_linfo__free().

2. open_memstream(&buf, &buf_size) allocates a dynamic buffer that the
   caller must free after fclose().  The function calls fclose(s) but
   never free(buf), leaking the stream buffer on every call.

3. args->line = strdup(srcline) is immediately consumed by
   disasm_line__new(args) which internally calls strdup(args->line)
   again via annotation_line__init().  The first strdup result is then
   overwritten by args->line = buf + prev_buf_size without being freed.

4. If open_memstream() fails, the error path jumps to 'out:' which
   calls fclose(s) with s == NULL — undefined behavior.

Fix by using bpf_prog_linfo__free(), initializing buf to NULL, adding
free(buf) after fclose(s), guarding fclose() against NULL, and removing
the redundant strdup since annotation_line__init() makes its own copy.

Fixes: 6987561c9e ("perf annotate: Enable annotation of BPF programs")
Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:03 -07:00
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
38ba525335 perf bpf: Add PROG_TAGS to required arrays in __bpf_event__print_bpf_prog_info()
synthesize_bpf_prog_name() unconditionally dereferences prog_tags[sub_id]
(line: u8 (*prog_tags)[BPF_TAG_SIZE] = (void *)(uintptr_t)(info->prog_tags))
but __bpf_event__print_bpf_prog_info() only requires JITED_KSYMS and
JITED_FUNC_LENS in its required_arrays bitmask.

If a crafted perf.data has the PROG_TAGS bit cleared (or the array was
invalidated by bpil_offs_to_addr() bounds checking), info->prog_tags
contains either zero or a raw file offset.  Dereferencing it causes a
NULL pointer dereference or an arbitrary memory read.

Add PERF_BPIL_PROG_TAGS to required_arrays so the function returns early
when prog_tags was not present or failed validation.

Fixes: f8dfeae009 ("perf bpf: Show more BPF program info in print_bpf_prog_info()")
Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:02 -07:00
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
60f2f5b765 perf header: Use write lock when translating BPF prog info pointers
write_bpf_prog_info() holds a read lock while temporarily mutating
info_linear via bpil_addr_to_offs()/bpil_offs_to_addr().  Between these
two calls, the pointers in info_linear contain file offsets instead of
heap addresses.  Concurrent readers holding the same read lock see the
file offsets and dereference them as pointers.

Use down_write()/up_write() instead of down_read()/up_read() to exclude
concurrent readers during the addr-to-offset-to-addr translation window.

Fixes: 63ac7968a1fb ("perf bpf: Save bpf_prog_info information as headers to perf.data")
Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:02 -07:00
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
01765b456f perf libbfd: Validate BPF prog info arrays before pointer cast
symbol__disassemble_bpf_libbfd() casts info_linear->info.jited_prog_insns
and info_linear->info.jited_ksyms to pointers without checking whether
bpil_offs_to_addr() actually converted the file offsets.  A crafted
perf.data with PERF_BPIL_* bits unset but non-zero counts causes raw
file offsets to be dereferenced as pointers.

Add bitmask checks for PERF_BPIL_JITED_INSNS and PERF_BPIL_JITED_KSYMS
before the casts, matching the validation added to bpf-event.c call
sites.

Fixes: 6987561c9e ("perf annotate: Enable annotation of BPF programs")
Reported-by: sashiko-bot <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:02 -07:00
Aaron Tomlin
9dd7c82d46 perf trace: Format fields with hex specifiers in print_fmt as hexadecimal
Currently, when a probe event is added using perf probe --add with a
hexadecimal type cast (e.g., var:x64 and var:x32), the kernel traceprobe
subsystem sets the field type to "u64" in the event's format file, yet
generates a print format specifier of "var=0x%Lx" or "0x%x".

By default, perf trace uses its internal beautifiers which only inspect
field->type and field->flags. Because traceprobe events declare
primitive integer field types ("u64") without a C pointer asterisk
(i.e., "*"), perf trace defaults to printing the field's value as a
decimal unsigned long ("%ld"), ignoring the hexadecimal intent.

Introduce field_has_hex_fmt() to inspect the tracepoint's print_fmt
format string. If a field's print format assignment uses hexadecimal
specifiers (i.e., "=0x", "=%#", or "=%p"), assign SCA_PTR formatting so
perf trace displays the value in hexadecimal by default without
requiring --libtraceevent. For example:

    ❯ sudo ./perf probe --add 'enqueue_task_fair rq=rq:x64 p=p:x64 flags=flags:x32'
    Added new event:
      probe:enqueue_task_fair (on enqueue_task_fair with rq=rq:x64 p=p:x64 flags=flags:x32)

    You can now use it in all perf tools, such as:

            perf record -e probe:enqueue_task_fair -aR sleep 1

    ❯ sudo ./perf trace --show-cpu --event probe:enqueue_task_fair --max-event 3
         0.000 [000] :0/0 probe:enqueue_task_fair(rq: 0xffff8ac632233180, p: 0xffff8ac2c1240000, flags: 0x100009)
         0.006 [004] :0/0 probe:enqueue_task_fair(rq: 0xffff8ac632433180, p: 0xffff8ac624cf8000, flags: 0x9)
         0.069 [001] :0/0 probe:enqueue_task_fair(rq: 0xffff8ac6322b3180, p: 0xffff8ac4c4212c40, flags: 0x9)

Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@atomlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:20:02 -07:00
Andrii Nakryiko
5b91f44f5b Merge branch 'bpf-inline-the-numeric-open-coded-iterator-kfuncs'
Puranjay Mohan says:

====================
bpf: Inline the numeric open-coded iterator kfuncs

The bpf_for(i, start, end) macro is BPF's open-coded numeric iterator. It
expands into calls to three kfuncs: bpf_iter_num_new() to set the iterator
up, bpf_iter_num_next() once per iteration, and bpf_iter_num_destroy() to
tear it down. The verifier emits these as ordinary kfunc calls, so a
bpf_for() loop pays function-call overhead on setup, teardown, and -- most
importantly -- on every single iteration via bpf_iter_num_next().

All three kfuncs are tiny and only touch the 8-byte on-stack iterator state
(struct bpf_iter_num_kern { int cur; int end; }). That makes them good
candidates for inlining, the same way several other special kfuncs are
already open-coded in bpf_fixup_kfunc_call(). This series replaces each of
the three calls with an equivalent inline BPF instruction sequence:

  - bpf_iter_num_new(): the end - start range check is done with 32-bit
    arithmetic (start <= end is checked first, so the distance fits in a
    u32) and range-checked against BPF_MAX_LOOPS as unsigned. This avoids
    the cpuv4 sign-extension insns that some JITs do not implement. Returns
    the same -EINVAL / -E2BIG / 0 as the kfunc.

  - bpf_iter_num_next(): the hot path. cur and end are int, so the kfunc's
    s->cur + 1 >= s->end test is an ordinary signed 32-bit compare and the
    inlined code needs no sign extension.

  - bpf_iter_num_destroy(): the stack slot is no longer tracked as iterator
    state once destroy() returns, so nothing needs to be written to it.
    Both the kfunc and the inlined form become a no-op, which just drops the
    call.

The emitted instructions are plain BPF and remain valid for the
interpreter, so interpreter fallback stays correct and no jit_required
marking is needed.

Benchmark (./bench -p 1 --nr_loops 1000000 {bpf-loop,bpf-for}):

    +--------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
    |  arch  |       bpf_loop      | bpf_for non-inlined |   bpf_for inlined   |
    +--------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
    | x86-64 |  4252 M/s (0.24 ns) |  3608 M/s (0.28 ns) |  7417 M/s (0.13 ns) |
    +--------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
    | arm64  |  649 M/s (1.54 ns)  |  548 M/s (1.82 ns)  |  546 M/s (1.83 ns)  |
    +--------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+

On x86-64 removing the per-iteration call roughly doubles bpf_for()
throughput. On arm64 it is neutral, and rather than guess why this was
checked with perf: inlining removes ~28% of the executed instructions (the
call) but leaves the cycle count unchanged -- IPC drops from ~4.2 to ~3.0
and backend stalls rise from ~50% to ~66%. The loop is bound by the latency
of the iterator's on-stack counter, not by call overhead:
bpf_iter_num_next() loads s->cur from the stack, increments it and stores it
back each iteration, and the next iteration's load depends on that store.
The removed call instructions were executing in the shadow of that
store->load stall and were never on the critical path.

A small userspace microbenchmark isolates the effect: a same-address
store->load->add round-trip (the shape of the on-stack counter) costs
~6 cycles/iteration on the tested arm64 core but ~1 cycle on x86-64, where
the core collapses the same-address round-trip into a register move (memory
renaming / store-to-load-forwarding elimination). So on x86-64 the loop is
not latency-bound and the per-iteration call dominates -- removing it is the
~2x win -- whereas on arm64 the call fits entirely inside the store->load
stall the loop already has, so adding or removing it changes nothing.

bpf_loop() is shown for reference only; it is a different construct (a
callback invoked per iteration) and this series does not change it. Its
counter lives in a register rather than on the stack, so on arm64 it avoids
the store->load latency above and is faster than bpf_for() there.

Changelog:
v4: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260729203633.213973-1-puranjay@kernel.org/
Changes in v5:
- Inline the new()/next()/destroy() sequences directly in
  bpf_fixup_kfunc_call() instead of via helper functions (Andrii Nakryiko)
- Trim the code comments; keep the explanation in the bpf_iter.c kfuncs and
  leave only brief comments at the inline sites, and shorten the
  bpf_iter_num_destroy() kfunc to /* no-op */ (Andrii Nakryiko)
- Reword the patch 1 comment so it no longer forward-references the inlined
  bpf_iter_num_next(), which is only added later in the series (bpf-ci)
- Switch the bpf_iter_num_next() comment to the networking multi-line style

v3: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260722132424.450230-1-puranjay@kernel.org/
Changes in v4:
- Drop the "elide range checks for constant bounds" patch (Andrii Nakryiko)
- bpf_iter_num_new(): range-check the distance against BPF_MAX_LOOPS with an
  unsigned compare (Andrii Nakryiko)
- bpf_iter_num_destroy(): make it a no-op in both the kfunc and the inlined
  form instead of zeroing the iterator state (Andrii Nakryiko)
- New patch: fix the misleading overflow comment in bpf_iter_num_next() and
  drop the redundant (s64) cast; the int wraparound is intentional and
  load-bearing (Andrii Nakryiko)
- bpf_for benchmark: nr_loops is int, matching what bpf_for() expects
  (Andrii Nakryiko)
- Corroborate the arm64/x86 benchmark difference with perf counters and a
  store-to-load-forwarding microbenchmark (Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi,
  Andrii Nakryiko)

v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260717120215.2171057-1-puranjay@kernel.org/
Changes in v3:
- Elide the range checks in bpf_iter_num_new() when start and end are
  constant, marking the registers precise so paths reaching the call with
  different constants are not pruned (Eduard Zingerman)
- Add __xlated selftests pinning the inlined new()/next()/destroy() shapes
  (Eduard Zingerman)
- Use the insn_buf[i++] idiom in the inline helpers (Eduard Zingerman)
- Pick up Acked-by on patch 3

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260715130430.318421-1-puranjay@kernel.org/
Changes in v2:
- Don't emit sign-extending (movsx) moves; some JITs (e.g. x86-32, mips32,
  sparc64) decode them as a plain move and would miscompile the range check
====================

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260804134601.2305303-1-puranjay@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 10:44:36 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
5a1de41147 selftests/bpf: Add bpf_for() benchmark
Add a bpf_for() benchmark modelled on bench_bpf_loop so the per-iteration
iterator cost can be measured and compared against bpf_loop. It runs an
empty bpf_for(i, 0, nr_loops) loop 1000 times per trigger and accounts
nr_loops hits per outer iteration:

  $ ./bench -p 1 --nr_loops 1000 bpf-for

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-7-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
b829bc1677 selftests/bpf: Verify inlined numeric iterator shape with __xlated
Add an __xlated test pinning the inlined bpf_iter_num_{new,next,destroy}()
shapes. The program is __naked, so there is no compiler glue and the whole
sequence is matched instruction for instruction.

Gate it to x86_64 and arm64 (bpf_jit_needs_zext() == false); elsewhere the
verifier interleaves "wN = wN" zero-extensions that would not match. The
inlining is arch independent, so these two are enough.

Suggested-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-6-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
39f047682f bpf: Inline bpf_iter_num_destroy() as a no-op
Once destroy() returns the stack slot is no longer tracked as iterator
state, so zeroing it is dead work. Make the kfunc a no-op and inline the
call to a single BPF_JA 0 (the fixup can't drop the instruction outright,
so emit a nop; the JITs elide it).

Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-5-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
e933477048 bpf: Inline bpf_iter_num_next() kfunc
bpf_iter_num_next() runs on every bpf_for() iteration, so inlining it
drops a call from the loop body. R1 points to the iterator; the returned
pointer to s->cur is R1 itself, since s->cur is first.

s->cur and s->end are int, so the kfunc's s->cur + 1 >= s->end is a
signed 32-bit compare and the inlined code needs no sign extension.

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-4-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
f8f2b567d5 bpf: Inline bpf_iter_num_new() kfunc
bpf_for() expands to the bpf_iter_num_{new,next,destroy}() kfuncs, which
the verifier emits as regular calls. They are tiny and only touch the
8-byte on-stack iterator state, so open-code them in bpf_fixup_kfunc_call()
like the other special kfuncs there.

Start with bpf_iter_num_new(): R1 points to the iterator, R2/R3 hold
start/end. The inlined sequence mirrors the kfunc and returns the same
-EINVAL / -E2BIG / 0.

start > end is rejected first, so end - start fits in a u32; range-check
it as u32 on both sides ((u32)(end - start) in the kfunc). A movsx-based
check would emit a cpuv4 instruction that some JITs (x86-32, mips32,
sparc64) decode as a plain move and get wrong.

The emitted instructions are plain BPF, so the interpreter path stays
correct and no jit_required marking is needed.

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-3-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Puranjay Mohan
8efd87051c bpf: Correct the overflow check comment in bpf_iter_num_next()
The comment on the s->cur + 1 >= s->end check claims the (s64) cast is
needed to avoid overflow when s->cur == s->end == INT_MAX. It isn't:
s->cur + 1 is computed in int and wraps before the cast, so the cast
changes nothing (INT_MAX + 1 compares the same either way).

The wraparound is the point. bpf_iter_num_new() sets s->cur = start - 1,
which wraps to INT_MAX for start == INT_MIN, and the wrapping s->cur + 1
brings it back to start. (s64)s->cur + 1 would instead break iterators
starting at INT_MIN.

Drop the cast and reword the comment. No functional change; the wrap is
well-defined under -fno-strict-overflow.

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804134601.2305303-2-puranjay@kernel.org
2026-08-05 10:44:35 -07:00
Marcos Paulo Medeiros
525ba51157 ACPI: video: force native backlight on Acer Nitro AN515-46
The Acer Nitro AN515-46 is a hybrid graphics laptop whose internal
panel is driven by the AMD GPU (Radeon 680M); the discrete NVIDIA GPU
only drives external outputs. The firmware nevertheless advertises the
NVIDIA WMI EC backlight GUID, so the backlight type resolves to
nvidia_wmi_ec. The nvidia-wmi-ec-backlight driver however fails to
probe ("EC backlight control failed: AE_NOT_FOUND") and, since the
backlight type is still nvidia_wmi_ec, amdgpu skips registering its
own backlight device. The result is no backlight device at all,
leaving the brightness keys and the desktop brightness slider
non-functional.

Booting with acpi_backlight=native makes amdgpu register its backlight
interface and brightness control works. Add a DMI quirk to use the
native backlight on this model by default.

Signed-off-by: Marcos Paulo Medeiros <maarcospm1996@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260727132151.12792-1-maarcospm1996@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-08-05 19:14:14 +02:00
Dmitry Torokhov
8786d74bf5 Input: synaptics-rmi4 - propagate F54 worker errors to V4L2 queue
Previously, rmi_f54_buffer_queue() waited for the worker thread to
finish but ignored whether it succeeded. If the worker failed (e.g.,
due to a timeout or register read failure), the queue thread would
silently return success, delivering stale or uninitialized memory to
userspace.

Add a 'report_error' field to struct f54_data to store the worker's exit
status. Check this field in rmi_f54_buffer_queue() after the worker
finishes, and mark the buffer as VB2_BUF_STATE_ERROR if an error
occurred.

Fixes: 3a762dbd53 ("[media] Input: synaptics-rmi4 - add support for F54 diagnostics")
Reported-by: sashiko-bot@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Antigravity:gemini-3.5-flash
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260626051802.4033172-6-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
2026-08-05 10:09:53 -07:00
Sean Christopherson
82bd660be3 MAINTAINERS: Add myself (Sean) as a reviewer in the main KVM entry
Add myself as a reviewer for overall KVM, as I have been helping shepherd
a decent chunk of the virt/kvm commits into the kernel over the last few
years, and I expect to continue doing so.  Of the 270 non-merge commits
that have been made to virt/kvm since v6.6, I have committed 127 (~47%)
and Paolo has committed 117 (~43.3%), with all but 5 of the remaining 26
coming from non-KVM folks, e.g. from treewide changes.

Note, this intended to purely be an efficiency and quality of life
improvement, for both contributors and myself.  There is no implied right
of succession or anything of the sort.

Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>
Cc: Tianrui Zhao <zhaotianrui@loongson.cn>
Cc: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Acked-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173842.2649391-6-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-08-05 10:00:53 -07:00
Sean Christopherson
fc176fd655 MAINTAINERS: Add David H. as a KVM guest_memfd reviewer
Officially "reward" David with guest_memfd responsibilities and authority,
as he's been instrumental in pushing guest_memfd forward, and his ongoing
input and feedback, especially from an mm/ perspective, is and will be
critical to keeping us virtualization folks from going too far off the
rails.

Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173842.2649391-5-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-08-05 10:00:53 -07:00
Sean Christopherson
fad1da20e6 MAINTAINERS: Add an entry for KVM's guest_memfd
To better reflect how guest_memfd has been maintained for the last few
years, and to prepare for significant upcoming growth and expansion, add a
dedicated MAINTAINERS entry for KVM's guest_memfd, with Paolo and myself
(Sean) as co-maintainers.

List both the KVM and KVM x86 git trees as authoritative repositories, as
any given guest_memfd change has a equal odds of hitting KVM x86 or not.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173842.2649391-4-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-08-05 10:00:53 -07:00
Sean Christopherson
f8479adb28 KVM: guest_memfd: Move gmem function declarations to dedicated guest_memfd.h
Extract the gmem function declarations out of kvm_mm.h and into a dedicated
header, guest_memfd.h.  This will allow creating a MAINTAINERS entry for
guest_memfd without having to rely on content pattern matching.

Reviewed-by: Ackerley Tng <ackerleytng@google.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173842.2649391-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-08-05 10:00:53 -07:00
Sean Christopherson
4c6547282f MAINTAINERS: Add kvm-x86 tree to KVM x86 entries
Add the kvm-x86 tree to all KVM x86 entries so that humans, bots, and
everything in between can more easily find KVM x86 (and some broader KVM)
patches that are targeted for the next kernel release, but haven't yet made
their way to the main KVM tree.  While the KVM x86 patch flow is documented
in Documentation/process/maintainer-kvm-x86.rst, that's very much one-off
documentation; random passersbys likely don't know it exists, and it's not
suitable for any workflow that's at all automated.

Reported-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731173842.2649391-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-08-05 10:00:52 -07:00
Peter Ujfalusi
cc606b6c23
ASoC: adau1761: sort the register default table
reg_defaults must be sorted by ascending register address, as
regcache_lookup_reg() locates entries in it with bsearch().  See commit
fd80df352b ("regcache: Add support for sorting defaults arrays").

The table lists the ADAU1761 specific registers (0x4008 and up) before
the block shared with the ADAU1381/ADAU1781, which starts at
ADAU17X1_CLOCK_CONTROL (0x4000), so bsearch() descends into the wrong
half and 28 of the 52 entries are unreachable.
regcache_reg_needs_sync() then cannot compare them against their default
and reports that a sync is needed, so they are written to the device on
every regcache_sync() even when they were never touched.

Sort the table by register address.

Fixes: dab464b60b ("ASoC: Add ADAU1361/ADAU1761 audio CODEC support")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Ujfalusi <peter.ujfalusi@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Nuno Sá <nuno.sa@analog.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805122713.11376-1-peter.ujfalusi@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 17:39:33 +01:00
Farhan Ali
6edd69813b vfio/pci: Avoid mapping BARs for devices with non-mappable BARs
vfio_pci_core_map_bars() calls pci_iomap() to set up BAR resources, but not
all devices support having their BARs mapped by the CPU. The
non_mappable_bars flag indicates that a PCI device's BARs cannot be
accessed by the CPU. The ISM device on s390 is one such device. The BAR
size for an ISM device is 256 TiB, and attempting to map the BAR will lead
to warnings:

vmalloc_node_range for size 281474976714752 failed: Address range
restricted to 0x2110bab00000 - 0x21903ab00000

Use pdev->non_mappable_bars to skip pci_iomap() for such devices. This flag
is set by the PCI core at enumeration time and already serves the same
purpose in vfio_pci_probe_mmaps().

Fixes: 05f2a68b40 ("vfio/pci: Set up BAR resources and maps in vfio_pci_core_enable()")
Reported-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Rosato <mjrosato@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260729181116.1373-1-alifm@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
2026-08-05 10:18:40 -06:00
Linus Walleij
bb3b2cfeb2 ARM: 9480/1: entry: expand comment in __switch_to
As per discussion between the developers in the mail thread
linked, expand the comment in __switch_to so that readers
of the code understand what is going on.

Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:48:11 +01:00
Ethan Nelson-Moore
055a410f7c ARM: 9478/1: Remove references to removed CONFIG_CPU_ARM92x_CPU_IDLE options
Several assembly files in arch/arm/mm contain comments referring to
CONFIG_CPU_ARM92x_CPU_IDLE options, which have not existed in the kernel
since 2.4.21. Remove them.

Discovered while searching for CONFIG_* symbols referenced in code but
not defined in any Kconfig file.

Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ethan Nelson-Moore <enelsonmoore@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:48:10 +01:00
Geert Uytterhoeven
889600e21e Renesas R-Car X5H CPG DT Binding Definitions
DT bindings and binding definitions for the Renesas R-Car X5H (R8A78000)
 Clock Pulse Generator (CPG), shared by driver and DT source files.
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Merge tag 'renesas-r8a78000-dt-binding-defs-tag2' into renesas-clk-for-v7.3

Renesas R-Car X5H CPG DT Binding Definitions

DT bindings and binding definitions for the Renesas R-Car X5H (R8A78000)
Clock Pulse Generator (CPG), shared by driver and DT source files.
2026-08-05 17:30:33 +02:00
Geert Uytterhoeven
88656a46df dt-bindings: clock: Document Renesas R-Car X5H Clock Pulse Generator
Document support for the Renesas R-Car X5H Clock Pulse Generator, and
add binding definitions for a limited initial set of clocks.

Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Reviewed-by: Marek Vasut <marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org>
Tested-by: Marek Vasut <marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org>
Acked-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/7a33c99816c850faeec5c17532811faf78959a1d.1785941595.git.geert+renesas@glider.be
2026-08-05 17:29:22 +02:00
Marco Giunta
fde30db1c8 ALSA: hda/realtek: enable AW88399 on Lenovo Legion R9000P ADR10H
Add codec SSID entries for the Lenovo Legion R9000P ADR10H (83RV),
which uses the same ALC287 + AW88399 smart amplifier configuration
as the existing supported Legion models.

DSDT inspection confirms identical AWDZ8399 ACPI device layout with
reversed I2C addresses (0x35 before 0x34). Register dumps show the
same BSTS behavior as the other Legions. Both the channel swap and
BSTS bypass quirks apply.

Codec SSIDs (Lenovo vendor ID 0x17aa):

* 0x3936: Legion R9000P ADR10H (AMD)
* 0x3937: Legion R9000P ADR10H (AMD)

Signed-off-by: Marco Giunta <marco_giunta@outlook.it>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/DS7PR19MB7724EE8DED946545C55717C1FCD32@DS7PR19MB7724.namprd19.prod.outlook.com
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2026-08-05 17:24:44 +02:00
Luca Castaldini
daf55a381d ALSA: hda/realtek: Add mute LED support for HP Pavilion 15-eh2xxx
Add the subsystem ID 103c:8a0e to the ALC287 HP GPIO LED quirk
table so the mute LED follows the speaker mute state.

Tested on HP Pavilion Laptop 15-eh2xxx with ALC287 codec.
The mute LED now follows the speaker mute state.

Signed-off-by: Luca Castaldini <luca.castaldini96@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805122907.52302-1-luca.castaldini96@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
2026-08-05 17:24:06 +02:00
Linus Torvalds
0d83957076 SoC fixes for 7.2, part 2
The majority of the fixes this time is for Qualcomm devicetree files,
 addressing various incorrect settings in chip specific dtsi files that
 prevent some feature from working correctly.
 
 Another three such issues are addressed on the Broadcom bcm5301x and
 bcm2712 SoC platforms.
 
 Two minor issues are addressed in nuvoton and aspeed specific SoC drivers,
 and the MAINTAINERS file is updated to add Billy Tsai and Ryan Chen as
 aspeed reviewers as well as clarify the NXP/Freescale entries.
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Merge tag 'soc-fixes-7.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc

Pull SoC fixes from Arnd Bergmann:
 "The majority of the fixes this time is for Qualcomm devicetree files,
  addressing various incorrect settings in chip specific dtsi files that
  prevent some feature from working correctly.

  Another three such issues are addressed on the Broadcom bcm5301x and
  bcm2712 SoC platforms.

  Two minor issues are addressed in nuvoton and aspeed specific SoC
  drivers, and the MAINTAINERS file is updated to add Billy Tsai and
  Ryan Chen as aspeed reviewers as well as clarify the NXP/Freescale
  entries"

* tag 'soc-fixes-7.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc:
  MAINTAINERS: add Ryan Chen and Billy Tsai as reviewer for ARM/ASPEED
  ARM: dts: BCM5301X: EA9200: fix NVRAM size
  ARM: dts: BCM5301X: fix PCIe controller 2 second interrupt
  arm64: dts: qcom: eliza: Fix DSI1 phy reference clock rate
  MAINTAINERS: ARM/FREESCALE: merge Layerscape entry into i.MX entry
  ARM: npcm: Fix OF node refcount leaks in SMP setup
  soc: aspeed: lpc-snoop: Fix usercopy overflow in snoop_file_read
  arm64: dts: broadcom: bcm2712: Remove non-functional EL2 virtual timer
  arm64: dts: qcom: sdm850-lenovo-yoga-c630: lower PSCI cluster idle
  arm64: dts: qcom: sc8280xp: gaokun3: correct EC interrupt pin
  arm64: dts: qcom: sc8280xp: add several missing pdc map entries
  arm64: dts: qcom: sm8650: Fix IPA IMEM slice
  arm64: dts: qcom: monaco: Add default GIC address cells
  arm64: dts: qcom: purwa: Fix GPU IOMMU property
  arm64: dts: qcom: glymur: fix QUP serial engine IRQs
  arm64: dts: qcom: glymur: fix PCIe SMMU interrupts
2026-08-05 08:18:03 -07:00
Xie Yuanbin
1039bffd6a ARM: 9485/1: mm: acquire mmap write lock around show_pte() for user faults
When CONFIG_DEBUG_USER=y, and cmdline "user_debug=31" is set,
a user fault may trigger show_pte() without any lock.
If another thread in the same process concurrently calls munmap(),
the page table pages may be freed while show_pte() is still traversing
them, causing a use-after-free in show_pte().

If CONFIG_ARM_LPAE=y, this may cause a kernel panic if the pages table
of PMD are freed when show_pte() is running.

Acquire mmap_write_lock() around show_pte() for user faults to fix the
contention.

For user faults, additionally restrict that show_pte() is called only
when the addr is a user-space address (addr < TASK_SIZE). This is because
the lock of tsk->mm only protects the virtual memory of user address space,
furthermore, dumping the page tables of a kernel-space address for user
faults is unnecessary and may have security implications.

Keep everything unchanged for kernel faults, because the kernel is
already in the "oops" state, acquiring a lock may risk a deadlock.

Co-developed-by: Qi Xi <xiqi2@huawei.com>

Fixes: 6d021b7244 ("ARM: dump pgd, pmd and pte states on unhandled data abort faults")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260716014022.2823-1-xieyuanbin1@huawei.com
Acked-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Qi Xi <xiqi2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Xie Yuanbin <xieyuanbin1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:15:51 +01:00
Xie Yuanbin
e79ca91165 ARM: 9484/1: enable interrupts when unhandled user faults are triggered
PREEMPT_RT requires interrupts to be enabled when sending signals.

When do_DataAbort()/do_PrefetchAbort() triggers unhandled user faults,
that is `inf->fn()` return a non-zero value, and the interrupts are not
enabled within the hook function, force_sig_fault() will be called
with interrupts disabled.

This can be triggered by user programs executing the bkpt instruction,
with kernel config CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS=n.

Enable interrupts in do_DataAbort()/do_PrefetchAbort() when unhandled
user faults are triggered to fix the issue.

Fixes: c6e61c06d6 ("ARM: 9463/1: Allow to enable RT")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260629123349.134224-1-xieyuanbin1@huawei.com
Suggested-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Xie Yuanbin <xieyuanbin1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:15:13 +01:00
Karl Mehltretter
8a58a41100 ARM: 9483/1: select HAVE_POSIX_CPU_TIMERS_TASK_WORK
Commit c6e61c06d6 ("ARM: 9463/1: Allow to enable RT") enabled PREEMPT_RT
on ARM but did not select HAVE_POSIX_CPU_TIMERS_TASK_WORK. This leaves
CONFIG_POSIX_CPU_TIMERS_TASK_WORK disabled, so CPU timers expire in hard
IRQ context.

On PREEMPT_RT this makes run_posix_cpu_timers() take the sleeping
sighand->siglock:

  BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at spinlock_rt.c:48
    rt_spin_lock from lock_task_sighand
    lock_task_sighand from run_posix_cpu_timers
    run_posix_cpu_timers from update_process_times

ARM handles TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME on all return-to-user paths, including v7-M.
ARM32 KVM host support was removed by commit 541ad0150c ("arm: Remove
32bit KVM host support"), so the select need not be conditional on KVM.

Select it to defer POSIX CPU timer expiry to task context.

Reproduced with setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, ...) and a busy loop. The same path
is used by setitimer(ITIMER_PROF or ITIMER_VIRTUAL) and POSIX CPU timers
created with timer_create().

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5

Fixes: c6e61c06d6 ("ARM: 9463/1: Allow to enable RT")
Signed-off-by: Karl Mehltretter <kmehltretter@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:14:44 +01:00
Linus Walleij
8ed9bff906 ARM: 9481/2: breakpoint: CFI breakpoints only on demand
This removes the stub hw_breakpoint_cfi_handler() from ARM, making
it not steal breakpoint type 0x03 (ARM_ENTRY_CFI_BREAKPOINT) unless
CFI is actively used in the kernel.

When not instrumenting with CFI, or when a breakpoint is issued in
userspace, we fall through to return 1 from hw_breakpoint_pending()
"unhandled fault" so userspace can make use of this breakpoint.

Tested with LKDTM and this command line:
echo CFI_FORWARD_PROTO > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT
still works as expected.

Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/kJqktbpLphg_Pk5I5SPptgTLjl3E3eq5mN5UzCslyFj7Q1Irp-wDid4mj5eQVd2iZtRGXgeZd8goq195EkXdjyt864YMc8mVb2B9NGH91NQ=@protonmail.com/

Fixes: c3f89986fd ("ARM: 9391/2: hw_breakpoint: Handle CFI breakpoints")
Reported-by: slipher <slipher@protonmail.com>
Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:13:56 +01:00
Ethan Nelson-Moore
7e8ee82e69 ARM: 9477/1: Disable broken eBPF JIT on the Risc PC
The eBPF JIT unconditionally generates ldrh/strh instructions, which do
not function correctly on the Risc PC because its bus is unable to
signal half-word accesses. Work around this issue by disabling the eBPF
JIT when building for ARMv3 (the Risc PC is the only currently
supported machine whose kernel is built for ARMv3).

Comments from Ethan Nelson-Moore:

 From LKML: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAD++jL=0qYGoygUwGEXQL7C_ROnC7kfpRv8RA+H5tNWwYu+pQA@mail.gmail.com/

 The commit message has been updated slightly relative to the version on LKML to clarify that the Risc PC is not actually ARMv3.

Fixes: 39c13c204b ("arm: eBPF JIT compiler")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ethan Nelson-Moore <enelsonmoore@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
2026-08-05 16:12:24 +01:00
Yehyeong Lee
961ac0f0c5 RDMA/srp: fix heap information leak on a truncated SRP_CRED_REQ
srp_recv_done() passes wc->byte_len to srp_process_rsp(). It passes
nothing to srp_process_cred_req() and srp_process_aer_req(), which read
fixed-size fields from the receive buffer without checking that those
fields were received.

The buffer size is max_ti_iu_len, which comes from the login response
and is not validated. A target that advertises 8 and then sends an
8-byte SRP_CRED_REQ makes the initiator read req->tag from beyond the
end of the buffer. req->tag is copied into the SRP_CRED_RSP and sent
back, so those bytes reach the target. SRP_AER_REQ behaves the same way
and also reads req->lun.

The leak is 8 bytes per response. max_ti_iu_len also decides which slab
cache the buffer comes from. With 8 the buffer is a kmalloc-8 object and
the read is entirely outside it:

  BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in srp_recv_done+0x172b/0x1aa0
  Read of size 8 at addr ffff888104714da8 by task kworker/u8:3/50
   which belongs to the cache kmalloc-8 of size 8
  The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of
   allocated 8-byte region [ffff888104714da0, ffff888104714da8)

Without KASAN the returned bytes are whatever is next in the slab. One
run returned ".strtab".

rsp->data[3] in srp_process_rsp() has the same problem: only
resp_data_len is checked before it is read.

Drop a request that is shorter than the structure being parsed, and
check byte_len before the tsk_mgmt read.

Fixes: bb12588a38 ("IB/srp: Implement SRP_CRED_REQ and SRP_AER_REQ")
Signed-off-by: Yehyeong Lee <yhlee@isslab.korea.ac.kr>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260729093203.1503201-1-yhlee@isslab.korea.ac.kr
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:05:36 -04:00
Cheng Xu
a52eeff320 RDMA/erdma: Hold QP references for AE and CM processing
AE QP fatal events and iWARP CM paths load QPs from dev->qp_xa
and then use or reference them outside the xarray lock.
erdma_destroy_qp() can drop the destroy-path reference and free QP
resources while such a lookup is in flight.

Add erdma_qp_get_by_qpn() to acquire a kref under the xarray
lock with kref_get_unless_zero(). Remove the QP from the xarray
before dropping the destroy-path reference so no new lookup can acquire
it while destruction waits for existing users.

Fixes: 1550557717 ("RDMA/erdma: Add verbs implementation")
Signed-off-by: Cheng Xu <chengyou@linux.alibaba.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730124357.12976-2-chengyou@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:00:28 -04:00
Cheng Xu
98df2aee14 RDMA/erdma: Hold CQ references when processing EQ events
EQ handlers look up CQs from dev->cq_xa and invoke CQ completion or
error callbacks outside the xarray lock. erdma_destroy_cq() can erase the
CQ from the xarray and free its queue buffer and doorbell record while a
previously scheduled EQ handler is still using the CQ.

Add a CQ refcount and take a reference under the xarray lock with
refcount_inc_not_zero(). Remove the CQ from the xarray before dropping
the destroy-path reference, then wait for in-flight EQ users before
releasing CQ resources.

Fixes: 1550557717 ("RDMA/erdma: Add verbs implementation")
Signed-off-by: Cheng Xu <chengyou@linux.alibaba.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730124357.12976-1-chengyou@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 11:00:28 -04:00
Andy Lutomirski
478a1c3abe mm: fix incorrect flush address in direct page table reclaim
When zap_pte_range reclaims a page table, it does:

    pte_free_tlb(tlb, pmd_pgtable(pmdval), addr);

and this is unconditionally wrong: if this code executes, addr *always*
points one past the end of the range covered by the table.  The addr
parameter is used to flush the TLB (really the paging-structure-cache)
to drop references to the to-be-freed table, and any architecture that
cares about the parameter will flush the wrong address.  (But they'll
still free the correct page).

I think it's worth contemplating why the kernel works at all.

If we hit the offending line of code, we will first clear the PMD entry
(line 1954, zap_empty_pte_table), then we will issue pending flushes if
force_flush is set (tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly(tlb)), then we will skip the
retry on line 1979 (phew!), and then we will do the offending
pte_free_tlb call.  *Or* we will clear the PMD entry immediately before
pte_free_tlb (line 1983, zap_pte_table_if_empty).

If we have any pending flushes (i.e. we actually zapped any last-level
entries) at the time we clear the PMD entry, then the flush really ought
to flush all references to the table (Linus certainly seems to think it
will on all architectures [0]).

The condition under which we have no accumulated flushes at the time of
the clear is very complex (the whole zap_pte_range function has absurdly
complex control flow).  If we do hit the bad case, then we will end up
clearing the PMD entry after the last time the range is flushed, and any
CPU is free to cache a reference to the (empty) page table.  If this
happens due to an ordinary read or write, it would segfault, so it would
be rare.  But the cache could be speculatively filled as well.  Then
we'll flush the wrong address and then free and possibly reuse the
table.

On x86, even flushing the wrong address works on non-KPTI Intel systems
because INVLPG flushes *all* paging-structure-caches, not just the ones
for the target address.  But INVPCID does not, and flush_tlb_one_user
will use INVPCID if it's available.  And then we're toast.  AMD systems
are more susceptible: we set the EFER.TCE bit, which makes even INVLPG
only flush the target address.

I think this might fix an issue in ripgrep reported here:
https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep/issues/3494

[0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CA+55aFzBggoXtNXQeng5d_mRoDnaMBE5Y+URs+PHR67nUpMtaw@mail.gmail.com/T/#u

Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Fixes: 4c640eb418 ("mm: move pte table reclaim code to memory.c")
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Qi Zheng <qi.zheng@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2026-08-05 08:00:25 -07:00
Konstantin Taranov
6aad80a1d4 RDMA/mana_ib: UC QP support for UAPI
Implement UC QP creation in the RNIC HW for user API. An UC QP is exposed
as three work queues: send, receive, and memory management. The latter is
used for bind and invalidate WQEs to support memory windows.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Taranov <kotaranov@microsoft.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260723115955.1859519-3-kotaranov@linux.microsoft.com
Reviewed-by: Long Li <longli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 10:44:30 -04:00
Konstantin Taranov
a489ab44ab RDMA/mana_ib: unify QP lookup table
Add helpers to retrieve the send and receive queues of a QP.
Use these helpers when storing queue IDs in the lookup table.
MANA queue IDs are 2-bit aligned, allowing the two least
significant bits to be omitted when storing and looking up
queue IDs.

Signed-off-by: Konstantin Taranov <kotaranov@microsoft.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260723115955.1859519-2-kotaranov@linux.microsoft.com
Reviewed-by: Long Li <longli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 10:44:30 -04:00
Borislav Petkov (AMD)
6cc3a72caa x86/CPU: Rename struct cpuid_read_output to struct cpuid_output
There's no CPUID "write" operation so there's no need to have
a cpuid_read_output thing - cpuid_output is perfectly clear. And
shortens the code just fine.

Remove the funky function signature line breaks while at it.

No functional changes.

Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260805025323.GCanKlox0DF7Gwhpf1@fat_crate.local
2026-08-05 07:40:33 -07:00
Jacob Moroni
d24ce25918 RDMA/irdma: Remove dmabuf checks in rereg_mr
Now that ib_umem_check_rereg entirely blocks rereg for dmabuf
umems, the extra logic can be removed from irdma.

Signed-off-by: Jacob Moroni <jmoroni@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260728141501.1425737-2-jmoroni@google.com
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 10:35:36 -04:00
Jacob Moroni
09d09e5d79 RDMA/core: Prevent rereg_mr for dmabuf umems
The rereg_mr method has always been explicitly blocked in
rdma-core for dmabuf MRs anyway, so add a check to the
ib_umem_check_rereg helper so that each driver doesn't need
to handle it.

Depending on how the driver handled rereg_mr, this also
has the benefit of preventing rereg_mr from being used
to add the IB_ACCESS_MW_BIND flag to a dmabuf MR. This
flag is not allowed during registration, so it seems
sensible to prevent it from being added back with rereg_mr.

Preventing IB_ACCESS_MW_BIND is important for drivers that
support revocable dmabufs and implement "revoke" by issuing
a dereg_mr command to the HW because most(?) HW will reject
this command if the MR has windows bound to it, and a failure
to revoke is supposed to trigger a function reset.

Signed-off-by: Jacob Moroni <jmoroni@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260728141501.1425737-1-jmoroni@google.com
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 10:35:36 -04:00
Oleg Nesterov
8d75c338f0 sysctl: remove CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL, it just mirrors CONFIG_SYSCTL
CONFIG_SYSCTL used to make sense as a separate hidden bool before commit
61a47c1ad3 ("sysctl: Remove the sysctl system call"); it was selected
by both CONFIG_SYSCTL_SYSCALL and CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL.

Today CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL is the only selector, so the two are always
equal. Kill the hidden bool, rename the PROC_SYSCTL prompt to SYSCTL,
and s/CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL/CONFIG_SYSCTL/ tree-wide.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 15:28:23 +02:00
Oleg Nesterov
7170ca0162 sysctl: move the "cad_pid" entry from pid_table[] to kern_reboot_table[]
cad_pid is global, and kill_cad_pid() is only used in the root namespace.

However, due to pid_table_root_permissions(), a non-root user can unshare
pid/user namespaces and modify it from the child namespace. This makes no
sense and is simply wrong.

Move it to kern_reboot_table[] where it logically belongs; this ensures
that only GLOBAL_ROOT_UID can read/modify this sysctl.

Note that this patch doesn't preserve "#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL" around
the "cad_pid"; CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL selects CONFIG_SYSCTL, so it is always
set when kern_reboot_table[] is compiled.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e054bcbe7e ("sysctl: move cad_pid into kernel/pid.c")
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alexey Gladkov <legion@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Bradley Morgan <include@grrlz.net>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tikhomirov <ptikhomirov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 15:28:23 +02:00
Randy Dunlap
4280dd6da3 sysctl: repair some kernel-doc comments
Convert a non-kernel-comment to use "/*" instead.
Don't use kernel-doc for the nested @type enum values since they
aren't part of the struct.

Warning: ./include/linux/sysctl.h:62 Cannot find identifier on line:
 *
Warning: ./include/linux/sysctl.h:63 Cannot find identifier on line:
 * "dir" originates from read_iter (dir = 0) or write_iter (dir = 1)
Warning: ./include/linux/sysctl.h:64 This comment starts with '/**', but isn't a kernel-doc comment.
 * in the file_operations struct at proc/proc_sysctl.c. Its value means
Warning: ./include/linux/sysctl.h:274 Excess struct member
  'type.SYSCTL_TABLE_TYPE_DEFAULT' description in 'ctl_table_header'
Warning: ./include/linux/sysctl.h:274 Excess struct member
  'type.SYSCTL_TABLE_TYPE_PERMANENTLY_EMPTY' description in 'ctl_table_header'

Note: This still leaves 7 struct members in ctl_table_header that
are not described. E.g.:
Warning: include/linux/sysctl.h:274 struct member 'unregistering' not described in 'ctl_table_header'
Warning: include/linux/sysctl.h:274 struct member 'ctl_table_arg' not described in 'ctl_table_header'

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 15:28:23 +02:00
Randy Dunlap
e7cbe68c3c sysctl: add Returns: kernel-doc for all functions
Fix kernel-doc warnings in kernel/sysctl.c by adding Returns.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 15:28:23 +02:00
Joel Granados
f692bc3598 sysctl: Update API function documentation
Add colon ":" after argument name where it is missing
Add doc for proc_int_conv and proc_dointvec_conv

Signed-off-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
2026-08-05 15:28:23 +02:00