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1,412,612 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Sungwoo Kim
c332015376 nvme: fix memory allocation in nvme_pr_read_keys()
nvme_pr_read_keys() takes num_keys from userspace and uses it to
calculate the allocation size for rse via struct_size(). The upper
limit is PR_KEYS_MAX (64K).

A malicious or buggy userspace can pass a large num_keys value that
results in a 4MB allocation attempt at most, causing a warning in
the page allocator when the order exceeds MAX_PAGE_ORDER.

To fix this, use kvzalloc() instead of kzalloc().

This bug has the same reasoning and fix with the patch below:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/20251212013510.3576091-1-kartikey406@gmail.com/

Warning log:
WARNING: mm/page_alloc.c:5216 at __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x5aa/0x2300 mm/page_alloc.c:5216, CPU#1: syz-executor117/272
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 272 Comm: syz-executor117 Not tainted 6.19.0 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary)
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:__alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x5aa/0x2300 mm/page_alloc.c:5216
Code: ff 83 bd a8 fe ff ff 0a 0f 86 69 fb ff ff 0f b6 1d f9 f9 c4 04 80 fb 01 0f 87 3b 76 30 ff 83 e3 01 75 09 c6 05 e4 f9 c4 04 01 <0f> 0b 48 c7 85 70 fe ff ff 00 00 00 00 e9 8f fd ff ff 31 c0 e9 0d
RSP: 0018:ffffc90000fcf450 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 1ffff920001f9ea0
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000000b RDI: 0000000000040dc0
RBP: ffffc90000fcf648 R08: ffff88800b6c3380 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: ffffc90000fcf840 R11: ffff88807ffad280 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000040dc0 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ffffc90000fcf620
FS:  0000555565db33c0(0000) GS:ffff8880be26c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 000000002000000c CR3: 0000000003b72000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 alloc_pages_mpol+0x236/0x4d0 mm/mempolicy.c:2486
 alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x149/0x180 mm/mempolicy.c:2557
 ___kmalloc_large_node+0x10c/0x140 mm/slub.c:5598
 __kmalloc_large_node_noprof+0x25/0xc0 mm/slub.c:5629
 __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5645 [inline]
 __kmalloc_noprof+0x483/0x6f0 mm/slub.c:5669
 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:961 [inline]
 kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1094 [inline]
 nvme_pr_read_keys+0x8f/0x4c0 drivers/nvme/host/pr.c:245
 blkdev_pr_read_keys block/ioctl.c:456 [inline]
 blkdev_common_ioctl+0x1b71/0x29b0 block/ioctl.c:730
 blkdev_ioctl+0x299/0x700 block/ioctl.c:786
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:583 [inline]
 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x1bf/0x220 fs/ioctl.c:583
 x64_sys_call+0x1280/0x21b0 mnt/fuzznvme_1/fuzznvme/linux-build/v6.19/./arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:17
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x71/0x330 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
RIP: 0033:0x7fb893d3108d
Code: 28 c3 e8 46 1e 00 00 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffff61f2f38 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffff61f3138 RCX: 00007fb893d3108d
RDX: 0000000020000040 RSI: 00000000c01070ce RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007ffff61f3138
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000001
R13: 00007ffff61f3128 R14: 00007fb893dae530 R15: 0000000000000001
 </TASK>

Fixes: 5fd96a4e15 (nvme: Add pr_ops read_keys support)
Acked-by: Chao Shi <cshi008@fiu.edu>
Acked-by: Weidong Zhu <weizhu@fiu.edu>
Acked-by: Dave Tian <daveti@purdue.edu>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Sungwoo Kim <iam@sung-woo.kim>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-03-04 06:53:41 -08:00
Keith Busch
0f5197ea9a nvme-multipath: fix leak on try_module_get failure
We need to fall back to the synchronous removal if we can't get a
reference on the module needed for the deferred removal.

Fixes: 62188639ec ("nvme-multipath: introduce delayed removal of the multipath head node")
Reviewed-by: Nilay Shroff <nilay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-27 07:35:15 -08:00
Justin Tee
dd677d0598 nvmet-fcloop: Check remoteport port_state before calling done callback
In nvme_fc_handle_ls_rqst_work, the lsrsp->done callback is only set when
remoteport->port_state is FC_OBJSTATE_ONLINE.  Otherwise, the
nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp's LLDD call to lport->ops->xmt_ls_rsp is expected to
fail and the nvme-fc transport layer itself will directly call
nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_free instead of relying on LLDD's done callback to free
the lsrsp resources.

Update the fcloop_t2h_xmt_ls_rsp routine to check remoteport->port_state.
If online, then lsrsp->done callback will free the lsrsp.  Else, return
-ENODEV to signal the nvme-fc transport to handle freeing lsrsp.

Cc: Ewan D. Milne <emilne@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Wagner <dwagner@suse.de>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-nvme/21255200-a271-4fa0-b099-97755c8acd4c@work/
Fixes: 10c165af35 ("nvmet-fcloop: call done callback even when remote port is gone")
Signed-off-by: Justin Tee <justintee8345@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-26 14:35:32 -08:00
Keith Busch
baa47c4f89 nvme-pci: do not try to add queue maps at runtime
The block layer allocates the set's maps once. We can't add special
purpose queues at runtime if they weren't allocated at initialization
time.

Tested-by: Kanchan Joshi <joshi.k@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Kanchan Joshi <joshi.k@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-13 06:47:59 -08:00
Keith Busch
4735b510a0 nvme-pci: cap queue creation to used queues
If the user reduces the special queue count at runtime and resets the
controller, we need to reduce the number of queues and interrupts
requested accordingly rather than start with the pre-allocated queue
count.

Tested-by: Kanchan Joshi <joshi.k@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Kanchan Joshi <joshi.k@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-13 06:47:41 -08:00
Keith Busch
166e31d7db nvme-pci: ensure we're polling a polled queue
A user can change the polled queue count at run time. There's a brief
window during a reset where a hipri task may try to poll that queue
before the block layer has updated the queue maps, which would race with
the now interrupt driven queue and may cause double completions.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Kanchan Joshi <joshi.k@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-13 06:47:24 -08:00
Maurizio Lombardi
bbdaa8c17c nvme: fix memory leak in quirks_param_set()
When loading the nvme module, if the 'quirks' parameter is specified
via both the kernel command line (e.g., nvme.quirks=...) and the
modprobe command line (e.g., modprobe nvme quirks=...), the
quirks_param_set() callback is invoked twice.

Currently, in the double-invocation scenario, the second call
overwrites the nvme_pci_quirk_list pointer, causing the memory
allocated in the first call to leak.

Fix this by freeing the existing list before assigning the new one.

Fixes: b4247c8317c5 ("nvme: add support for dynamic quirk configuration via module parameter")
Reviewed-by: Daniel Wagner <dwagner@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Maurizio Lombardi <mlombard@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-11 18:34:39 -08:00
John Garry
3ddfbfbc78 nvme: correct comment about nvme_ns_remove()
The comment in nvme_mpath_remove_disk() references nvme_remove_ns(), which
should be nvme_ns_remove().

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-06 07:59:25 -08:00
John Garry
63059500b1 nvme: stop setting namespace gendisk device driver data
Since commit 1f4137e882 ("nvme: move passthrough logging attribute to
head"), we stopped using the namespace to hold the passthrough logging
enabled attribute. There is now nowhere now which looks up the gendisk dev
driver data, so stop setting it.

Incidentally, it would have been better to set this before adding the
disk.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-06 07:59:11 -08:00
Maurizio Lombardi
7bb8c40f5a nvme: add support for dynamic quirk configuration via module parameter
Introduce support for enabling or disabling specific NVMe quirks at module
load time through the `quirks` module parameter.
This mechanism allows users to apply known quirks dynamically based on the
device's PCI vendor and device IDs, without requiring to add hardcoded
entries in the driver and recompiling the kernel.

While the generic PCI new_id sysfs interface exists for dynamic
configuration, it is insufficient for scenarios where the system fails
to boot (for example, this has been reported to happen because of the
bogus_nid quirk). The new_id attribute is writable only after the system
has booted and sysfs is mounted.

The `quirks` parameter accepts a list of quirk specifications separated by
a '-' character in the following format:

<VID>:<DID>:<quirk_names>[-<VID>:<DID>:<quirk_names>-..]

Each quirk is represented by its name and can be prefixed with `^` to
indicate that the quirk should be disabled; quirk names are separated by
a ',' character.

Example: enable BOGUS_NID and BROKEN_MSI, disable DEALLOCATE_ZEROES:

   $ modprobe nvme quirks=7170:2210:bogus_nid,broken_msi,^deallocate_zeroes

Tested-by: Daniel Wagner <dwagner@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Maurizio Lombardi <mlombard@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Wagner <dwagner@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-05 07:35:58 -08:00
Ming Lei
b84bb7bd91 nvme: fix admin queue leak on controller reset
When nvme_alloc_admin_tag_set() is called during a controller reset,
a previous admin queue may still exist. Release it properly before
allocating a new one to avoid orphaning the old queue.

This fixes a regression introduced by commit 03b3bcd319 ("nvme: fix
admin request_queue lifetime").

Cc: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
Fixes: 03b3bcd319 ("nvme: fix admin request_queue lifetime").
Reported-and-tested-by: Yi Zhang <yi.zhang@redhat.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/CAHj4cs9wv3SdPo+N01Fw2SHBYDs9tj2M_e1-GdQOkRy=DsBB1w@mail.gmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-02 08:09:29 -08:00
Daniel Hodges
0a1fc2f301 nvme-fabrics: use kfree_sensitive() for DHCHAP secrets
The DHCHAP secrets (dhchap_secret and dhchap_ctrl_secret) contain
authentication key material for NVMe-oF. Use kfree_sensitive() instead
of kfree() in nvmf_free_options() to ensure secrets are zeroed before
the memory is freed, preventing recovery from freed pages.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Hodges <hodgesd@meta.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-02-02 08:06:33 -08:00
John Garry
ac30cd3043 nvme: stop using AWUPF
As described at [0], much of the atomic write parts of the specification
are lacking.

For now, there is nothing which we can do in software about the lack of
a dedicated NVMe write atomic command.

As for reading the atomic write limits, it is felt that the per-namespace
values are mostly properly specified and it is assumed that they are
properly implemented.

The specification of NAWUPF is quite clear. However the specification of
NABSPF is less clear. The lack of clarity in NABSPF comes from deciding
whether NABSPF applies when NSABP is 0 - it is assumed that NSABPF does
not apply when NSABP is 0.

As for the per-controller AWUPF, how this value applies to shared
namespaces is missing in the specification. Furthermore, the value is in
terms of logical blocks, which is an NS entity.

Since AWUPF is so poorly defined, stop using it already together.
Hopefully this will force vendors to implement NAWUPF support always.

Note that AWUPF not only effects atomic write support, but also the
physical block size reported for the device.

To help users know this restriction, log an info message per NS.

[0] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-nvme/20250707141834.GA30198@lst.de/

Tested-by: Nilay Shroff <nilay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Nilay Shroff <nilay@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-01-28 07:02:38 -08:00
Maurizio Lombardi
ddfb8b322b nvme: expose active quirks in sysfs
Currently, there is no straightforward way for a user to inspect
which quirks are active for a given device from userspace.

Add a new "quirks" sysfs attribute to the nvme controller device.

Reading this file will display a human-readable list
of all active quirks, with each quirk name on a new line.
If no quirks are active, it will display "none".

Tested-by: John Meneghini <jmeneghi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: John Meneghini <jmeneghi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Maurizio Lombardi <mlombard@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-01-13 13:53:03 -08:00
Wilfred Mallawa
f947d9e77b nvme/host: fixup some typos
Fix up some minor typos in the nvme host driver and a comment
style to conform to the standard kernel style.

Signed-off-by: Wilfred Mallawa <wilfred.mallawa@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <dlemoal@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
2026-01-13 13:44:52 -08:00
Nitesh Shetty
91e1c1bcf0 block, nvme: remove unused dma_iova_state function parameter
DMA IOVA state is not used inside blk_rq_dma_map_iter_next, get
rid of the argument.

Signed-off-by: Nitesh Shetty <nj.shetty@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-13 07:23:39 -07:00
Ming Lei
65955a0993 selftests: ublk: add stop command with --safe option
Add 'stop' subcommand to kublk utility that uses the new
UBLK_CMD_TRY_STOP_DEV command when --safe option is specified.
This allows stopping a device only if it has no active openers,
returning -EBUSY otherwise.

Also add test_generic_16.sh to test the new functionality.

Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 15:07:31 -07:00
Yoav Cohen
93ada1b3da ublk: add UBLK_CMD_TRY_STOP_DEV command
Add a best-effort stop command, UBLK_CMD_TRY_STOP_DEV, which only stops a
ublk device when it has no active openers.

Unlike UBLK_CMD_STOP_DEV, this command does not disrupt existing users.
New opens are blocked only after disk_openers has reached zero; if the
device is busy, the command returns -EBUSY and leaves it running.

The ub->block_open flag is used only to close a race with an in-progress
open and does not otherwise change open behavior.

Advertise support via the UBLK_F_SAFE_STOP_DEV feature flag.

Signed-off-by: Yoav Cohen <yoav@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 15:07:31 -07:00
Yoav Cohen
9e386f49fa ublk: make ublk_ctrl_stop_dev return void
This function always returns 0, so there is no need to return a value.

Signed-off-by: Yoav Cohen <yoav@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 15:07:31 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
78796b6bae selftests: ublk: add end-to-end integrity test
Add test case loop_08 to verify the ublk integrity data flow. It uses
the kublk loop target to create a ublk device with integrity on top of
backing data and integrity files. It then writes to the whole device
with fio configured to generate integrity data. Then it reads back the
whole device with fio configured to verify the integrity data.
It also verifies that injected guard, reftag, and apptag corruptions are
correctly detected.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
9e9f635525 selftests: ublk: add integrity params test
Add test case null_04 to exercise all the different integrity params. It
creates 4 different ublk devices with different combinations of
integrity arguments and verifies their integrity limits via sysfs and
the metadata_size utility.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
f48250dc5b selftests: ublk: add integrity data support to loop target
To perform and end-to-end test of integrity information through a ublk
device, we need to actually store it somewhere and retrieve it. Add this
support to kublk's loop target. It uses a second backing file for the
integrity data corresponding to the data stored in the first file.
The integrity file is initialized with byte 0xFF, which ensures the app
and reference tags are set to the "escape" pattern to disable the
bio-integrity-auto guard and reftag checks until the blocks are written.
The integrity file is opened without O_DIRECT since it will be accessed
at sub-block granularity. Each incoming read/write results in a pair of
reads/writes, one to the data file, and one to the integrity file. If
either backing I/O fails, the error is propagated to the ublk request.
If both backing I/Os read/write some bytes, the ublk request is
completed with the smaller of the number of blocks accessed by each I/O.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
a180544267 selftests: ublk: support non-O_DIRECT backing files
A subsequent commit will add support for using a backing file to store
integrity data. Since integrity data is accessed in intervals of
metadata_size, which may be much smaller than a logical block on the
backing device, direct I/O cannot be used. Add an argument to
backing_file_tgt_init() to specify the number of files to open for
direct I/O. The remaining files will use buffered I/O. For now, continue
to request direct I/O for all the files.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
24f8a44b79 selftests: ublk: implement integrity user copy in kublk
If integrity data is enabled for kublk, allocate an integrity buffer for
each I/O. Extend ublk_user_copy() to copy the integrity data between the
ublk request and the integrity buffer if the ublksrv_io_desc indicates
that the request has integrity data.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
6ed6476c4a selftests: ublk: add kublk support for integrity params
Add integrity param command line arguments to kublk. Plumb these to
struct ublk_params for the null and fault_inject targets, as they don't
need to actually read or write the integrity data. Forbid the integrity
params for loop or stripe until the integrity data copy is implemented.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
261b67f4e3 selftests: ublk: add utility to get block device metadata size
Some block device integrity parameters are available in sysfs, but
others are only accessible using the FS_IOC_GETLBMD_CAP ioctl. Add a
metadata_size utility program to print out the logical block metadata
size, PI offset, and PI size within the metadata. Example output:
$ metadata_size /dev/ublkb0
metadata_size: 64
pi_offset: 56
pi_tuple_size: 8

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
c1d7c0f9cd selftests: ublk: display UBLK_F_INTEGRITY support
Add support for printing the UBLK_F_INTEGRITY feature flag in the
human-readable kublk features output.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
bfe1255712 ublk: optimize ublk_user_copy() on daemon task
ublk user copy syscalls may be issued from any task, so they take a
reference count on the struct ublk_io to check whether it is owned by
the ublk server and prevent a concurrent UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ
from completing the request. However, if the user copy syscall is issued
on the io's daemon task, a concurrent UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ isn't
possible, so the atomic reference count dance is unnecessary. Check for
UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV to ensure the request is dispatched to the
sever and obtain the request from ublk_io's req field instead of looking
it up on the tagset. Skip the reference count increment and decrement.
Commit 8a8fe42d76 ("ublk: optimize UBLK_IO_REGISTER_IO_BUF on daemon
task") made an analogous optimization for ublk zero copy buffer
registration.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Stanley Zhang
b2503e936b ublk: support UBLK_F_INTEGRITY
Now that all the components of the ublk integrity feature have been
implemented, add UBLK_F_INTEGRITY to UBLK_F_ALL, conditional on block
layer integrity support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY). This allows ublk
servers to create ublk devices with UBLK_F_INTEGRITY set and
UBLK_U_CMD_GET_FEATURES to report the feature as supported.

Signed-off-by: Stanley Zhang <stazhang@purestorage.com>
[csander: make feature conditional on CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY]
Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Stanley Zhang
be82a89066 ublk: implement integrity user copy
Add a function ublk_copy_user_integrity() to copy integrity information
between a request and a user iov_iter. This mirrors the existing
ublk_copy_user_pages() but operates on request integrity data instead of
regular data. Check UBLKSRV_IO_INTEGRITY_FLAG in iocb->ki_pos in
ublk_user_copy() to choose between copying data or integrity data.

[csander: change offset units from data bytes to integrity data bytes,
 fix CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY=n build, rebase on user copy refactor]

Signed-off-by: Stanley Zhang <stazhang@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:38 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
fd5a005fa6 ublk: move offset check out of __ublk_check_and_get_req()
__ublk_check_and_get_req() checks that the passed in offset is within
the data length of the specified ublk request. However, only user copy
(ublk_check_and_get_req()) supports accessing ublk request data at a
nonzero offset. Zero-copy buffer registration (ublk_register_io_buf())
always passes 0 for the offset, so the check is unnecessary. Move the
check from __ublk_check_and_get_req() to ublk_check_and_get_req().

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:16:33 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
ca80afd870 ublk: inline ublk_check_and_get_req() into ublk_user_copy()
ublk_check_and_get_req() has a single callsite in ublk_user_copy(). It
takes a ton of arguments in order to pass local variables from
ublk_user_copy() to ublk_check_and_get_req() and vice versa. And more
are about to be added. Combine the functions to reduce the argument
passing noise.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
5bfbbc9938 ublk: split out ublk_user_copy() helper
ublk_ch_read_iter() and ublk_ch_write_iter() are nearly identical except
for the iter direction. Split out a helper function ublk_user_copy() to
reduce the code duplication as these functions are about to get larger.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
fc652d415c ublk: split out ublk_copy_user_bvec() helper
Factor a helper function ublk_copy_user_bvec() out of
ublk_copy_user_pages(). It will be used for copying integrity data too.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
f82f0a16a8 ublk: set UBLK_IO_F_INTEGRITY in ublksrv_io_desc
Indicate to the ublk server when an incoming request has integrity data
by setting UBLK_IO_F_INTEGRITY in the ublksrv_io_desc's op_flags field.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Stanley Zhang
98bf225685 ublk: support UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_INTEGRITY in device creation
Add a feature flag UBLK_F_INTEGRITY for a ublk server to request
integrity/metadata support when creating a ublk device. The ublk server
can also check for the feature flag on the created device or the result
of UBLK_U_CMD_GET_FEATURES to tell if the ublk driver supports it.
UBLK_F_INTEGRITY requires UBLK_F_USER_COPY, as user copy is the only
data copy mode initially supported for integrity data.
Add UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_INTEGRITY and struct ublk_param_integrity to struct
ublk_params to specify the integrity params of a ublk device.
UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_INTEGRITY requires UBLK_F_INTEGRITY and a nonzero
metadata_size. The LBMD_PI_CAP_* and LBMD_PI_CSUM_* values from the
linux/fs.h UAPI header are used for the flags and csum_type fields.
If the UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_INTEGRITY flag is set, validate the integrity
parameters and apply them to the blk_integrity limits.
The struct ublk_param_integrity validations are based on the checks in
blk_validate_integrity_limits(). Any invalid parameters should be
rejected before being applied to struct blk_integrity.

[csander: drop redundant pi_tuple_size field, use block metadata UAPI
 constants, add param validation]

Signed-off-by: Stanley Zhang <stazhang@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
e859e7c26a ublk: move ublk flag check functions earlier
ublk_dev_support_user_copy() will be used in ublk_validate_params().
Move these functions next to ublk_{dev,queue}_is_zoned() to avoid
needing to forward-declare them.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
835042fb19 blk-integrity: take const pointer in blk_integrity_rq()
blk_integrity_rq() doesn't modify the struct request passed in, so allow
a const pointer to be passed. Use a matching signature for the
!CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY version.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-12 09:15:05 -07:00
Jens Axboe
5df832ba5f Merge branch 'block-6.19' into for-7.0/block
Merge in fixes that went to 6.19 after for-7.0/block was branched.
Pending ublk changes depend on particularly the async scan work.

* block-6.19:
  block: zero non-PI portion of auto integrity buffer
  ublk: fix use-after-free in ublk_partition_scan_work
  blk-mq: avoid stall during boot due to synchronize_rcu_expedited
  loop: add missing bd_abort_claiming in loop_set_status
  block: don't merge bios with different app_tags
  blk-rq-qos: Remove unlikely() hints from QoS checks
  loop: don't change loop device under exclusive opener in loop_set_status
  block, bfq: update outdated comment
  blk-mq: skip CPU offline notify on unmapped hctx
  selftests/ublk: fix Makefile to rebuild on header changes
  selftests/ublk: add test for async partition scan
  ublk: scan partition in async way
  block,bfq: fix aux stat accumulation destination
  md: Fix forward incompatibility from configurable logical block size
  md: Fix logical_block_size configuration being overwritten
  md: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs
  md/raid5: fix possible null-pointer dereferences in raid5_store_group_thread_cnt()
  md: Fix static checker warning in analyze_sbs
2026-01-11 13:16:36 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
bb8e2019ad blk-crypto: handle the fallback above the block layer
Add a blk_crypto_submit_bio helper that either submits the bio when
it is not encrypted or inline encryption is provided, but otherwise
handles the encryption before going down into the low-level driver.
This reduces the risk from bio reordering and keeps memory allocation
as high up in the stack as possible.

Note that if the submitter knows that inline enctryption is known to
be supported by the underyling driver, it can still use plain
submit_bio.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
66e5a11d2e blk-crypto: optimize data unit alignment checking
Avoid the relatively high overhead of constructing and walking per-page
segment bio_vecs for data unit alignment checking by merging the checks
into existing loops.

For hardware support crypto, perform the check in bio_split_io_at, which
already contains a similar alignment check applied for all I/O.  This
means bio-based drivers that do not call bio_split_to_limits, should they
ever grow blk-crypto support, need to implement the check themselves,
just like all other queue limits checks.

For blk-crypto-fallback do it in the encryption/decryption loops.  This
means alignment errors for decryption will only be detected after I/O
has completed, but that seems like a worthwhile trade off.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
3d939695e6 blk-crypto: use mempool_alloc_bulk for encrypted bio page allocation
Calling mempool_alloc in a loop is not safe unless the maximum allocation
size times the maximum number of threads using it is less than the
minimum pool size.  Use the new mempool_alloc_bulk helper to allocate
all missing elements in one pass to remove this deadlock risk.  This
also means that non-pool allocations now use alloc_pages_bulk which can
be significantly faster than a loop over individual page allocations.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
2f655dcb2d blk-crypto: use on-stack skcipher requests for fallback en/decryption
Allocating a skcipher request dynamically can deadlock or cause
unexpected I/O failures when called from writeback context.  Avoid the
allocation entirely by using on-stack skciphers, similar to what the
non-blk-crypto fscrypt path already does.

This drops the incomplete support for asynchronous algorithms, which
previously could be used, but only synchronously.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
b37fbce460 blk-crypto: optimize bio splitting in blk_crypto_fallback_encrypt_bio
The current code in blk_crypto_fallback_encrypt_bio is inefficient and
prone to deadlocks under memory pressure: It first walks the passed in
plaintext bio to see how much of it can fit into a single encrypted
bio using up to BIO_MAX_VEC PAGE_SIZE segments, and then allocates a
plaintext clone that fits the size, only to allocate another bio for
the ciphertext later.  While the plaintext clone uses a bioset to avoid
deadlocks when allocations could fail, the ciphertex one uses bio_kmalloc
which is a no-go in the file system I/O path.

Switch blk_crypto_fallback_encrypt_bio to walk the source plaintext bio
while consuming bi_iter without cloning it, and instead allocate a
ciphertext bio at the beginning and whenever we fille up the previous
one.  The existing bio_set for the plaintext clones is reused for the
ciphertext bios to remove the deadlock risk.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
aefc2a1fa2 blk-crypto: submit the encrypted bio in blk_crypto_fallback_bio_prep
Restructure blk_crypto_fallback_bio_prep so that it always submits the
encrypted bio instead of passing it back to the caller, which allows
to simplify the calling conventions for blk_crypto_fallback_bio_prep and
blk_crypto_bio_prep so that they never have to return a bio, and can
use a true return value to indicate that the caller should submit the
bio, and false that the blk-crypto code consumed it.

The submission is handled by the on-stack bio list in the current
task_struct by the block layer and does not cause additional stack
usage or major overhead.  It also prepares for the following optimization
and fixes for the blk-crypto fallback write path.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
a3cc978e61 blk-crypto: add a bio_crypt_ctx() helper
This returns the bio_crypt_ctx if CONFIG_BLK_INLINE_ENCRYPTION is enabled
and a crypto context is attached to the bio, else NULL.

The use case is to allow safely dereferencing the context in common code
without needed #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_INLINE_ENCRYPTION.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
bc26e2efa2 fscrypt: keep multiple bios in flight in fscrypt_zeroout_range_inline_crypt
This should slightly improve performance for large zeroing operations,
but more importantly prepares for blk-crypto refactoring that requires
all fscrypt users to call submit_bio directly.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
c22756a997 fscrypt: pass a real sector_t to fscrypt_zeroout_range_inline_crypt
While the pblk argument to fscrypt_zeroout_range_inline_crypt is
declared as a sector_t it actually is interpreted as a logical block
size unit, which is highly unusual.  Switch to passing the 512 byte
units that sector_t is defined for.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-11 12:55:41 -07:00
Ming Lei
f7ba87dfa8 block: account for bi_bvec_done in bio_may_need_split()
When checking if a bio fits in a single segment, bio_may_need_split()
compares bi_size against the current bvec's bv_len. However, for
partially consumed bvecs (bi_bvec_done > 0), such as in cloned or
split bios, the remaining bytes in the current bvec is actually
(bv_len - bi_bvec_done), not bv_len.

This could cause bio_may_need_split() to incorrectly return false,
leading to nr_phys_segments being set to 1 when the bio actually
spans multiple segments. This triggers the WARN_ON in __blk_rq_map_sg()
when the actual mapped segments exceed the expected count.

Fix by subtracting bi_bvec_done from bv_len in the comparison.

Reported-by: Venkat Rao Bagalkote <venkat88@linux.ibm.com>
Close: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/9687cf2b-1f32-44e1-b58d-2492dc6e7185@linux.ibm.com/
Repored-and-bisected-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Venkat Rao Bagalkote <venkat88@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Fixes: ee623c892a ("block: use bvec iterator helper for bio_may_need_split()")
Cc: Nitesh Shetty <nj.shetty@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-10 10:22:54 -07:00
Caleb Sander Mateos
a31bde687b block: use pi_tuple_size in bi_offload_capable()
bi_offload_capable() returns whether a block device's metadata size
matches its PI tuple size. Use pi_tuple_size instead of switching on
csum_type. This makes the code considerably simpler and less branchy.

Signed-off-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Anuj Gupta <anuj20.g@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-10 10:22:54 -07:00