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Author SHA1 Message Date
Christian Brauner
d38aa6cdee
selftests/empty_mntns: fix wrong CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS hex value in comment
CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS is (1ULL << 37) = 0x2000000000ULL, not 0x400000000ULL.

Fixes: 5b8ffd63fb ("selftests/filesystems: add clone3 tests for empty mount namespaces")
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-04-14 09:30:57 +02:00
Christian Brauner
1a398a2378
selftests/empty_mntns: fix statmount_alloc() signature mismatch
empty_mntns.h includes ../statmount/statmount.h which provides a
4-argument statmount_alloc(mnt_id, mnt_ns_id, mask, flags), but then
redefines its own 3-argument version without the flags parameter. This
causes a build failure due to conflicting types.

Remove the duplicate definition from empty_mntns.h and update all
callers to pass 0 for the flags argument.

Fixes: 32f54f2bbc ("selftests/filesystems: add tests for empty mount namespaces")
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-04-14 09:30:48 +02:00
Christian Brauner
a27e464262
selftests/statmount: remove duplicate wait_for_pid()
Remove the local static wait_for_pid() definition from
statmount_test_ns.c as it conflicts with the extern declaration in
utils.h. The identical function is already provided by utils.c.

Fixes: 3ac7ea91f3 ("selftests: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE tests")
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> # mainline only
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-04-14 09:30:31 +02:00
Christian Brauner
ad4999496e
mount: always duplicate mount
In the OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE path vfs_open_tree() resolves a path via
filename_lookup() without holding namespace_lock. Between the lookup
and create_new_namespace() acquiring namespace_lock via
LOCK_MOUNT_EXACT_COPY() another thread can unmount the mount, setting
mnt->mnt_ns to NULL.

When create_new_namespace() then checks !mnt->mnt_ns it incorrectly
takes the swap-and-mntget path that was designed for fsmount()'s
detached mounts. This reuses a mount whose mnt_mp_list is in an
inconsistent state from the concurrent unmount, causing a general
protection fault in __umount_mnt() -> hlist_del_init(&mnt->mnt_mp_list)
during namespace teardown.

Remove the !mnt->mnt_ns special case entirely. Instead, always
duplicate the mount:

 - For OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE use __do_loopback() which will properly
   clone the mount or reject it via may_copy_tree() if it was
   unmounted in the race window.
 - For fsmount() use clone_mnt() directly (via the new MOUNT_COPY_NEW
   flag) since the mount is freshly created by vfs_create_mount() and
   not in any namespace so __do_loopback()'s IS_MNT_UNBINDABLE,
   may_copy_tree, and __has_locked_children checks don't apply.

Reported-by: syzbot+e4470cc28308f2081ec8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-04-14 09:30:15 +02:00
Christian Brauner
43dcce3f2a
Merge patch series "move_mount: expand MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH"
Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> says:

I'm too tired now to keep refining this but I think it's in good enough
shape for review.

Allow MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH to target the caller's rootfs, allowing to
switch out the rootfs without pivot_root(2).

The traditional approach to switching the rootfs involves pivot_root(2)
or a chroot_fs_refs()-based mechanism that atomically updates fs->root
for all tasks sharing the same fs_struct. This has consequences for
fork(), unshare(CLONE_FS), and setns().

This series instead decomposes root-switching into individually atomic,
locally-scoped steps:

    fd_tree = open_tree(-EBADF, "/newroot",
                        OPEN_TREE_CLONE | OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC);
    fchdir(fd_tree);
    move_mount(fd_tree, "", AT_FDCWD, "/",
               MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH | MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH);
    chroot(".");
    umount2(".", MNT_DETACH);

Since each step only modifies the caller's own state, the
fork/unshare/setns races are eliminated by design.

A key step to making this possible is to remove the locked mount
restriction. Originally MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH doesn't support mounting
beneath a mount that is locked. The locked mount protects the underlying
mount from being revealed. This is a core mechanism of
unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS). The mounts in the new mount
namespace become locked. That effectively makes the new mount table
useless as the caller cannot ever get rid of any of the mounts no matter
how useless they are.

We can lift this restriction though. We simply transfer the locked
property from the top mount to the mount beneath. This works because
what we care about is to protect the underlying mount aka the parent.
The mount mounted between the parent and the top mount takes over the
job of protecting the parent mount from the top mount mount. This leaves
us free to remove the locked property from the top mount which can
consequently be unmounted:

  unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS)

and we inherit a clone of procfs on /proc then currently we cannot
unmount it as:

  umount -l /proc

will fail with EINVAL because the procfs mount is locked.

After this series we can now do:

  mount --beneath -t tmpfs tmpfs /proc
  umount -l /proc

after which a tmpfs mount has been placed beneath the procfs mount. The
tmpfs mount has become locked and the procfs mount has become unlocked.

This means you can safely modify an inherited mount table after
unprivileged namespace creation.

Afterwards we simply make it possible to move a mount beneath the
rootfs allowing to upgrade the rootfs.

Removing the locked restriction makes this very useful for containers
created with unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS) to reshuffle an
inherited mount table safely and MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH makes it possible to
switch out the rootfs instead of using the costly pivot_root(2).

* patches from https://patch.msgid.link/20260224-work-mount-beneath-rootfs-v1-0-8c58bf08488f@kernel.org:
  selftests/filesystems: add MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH rootfs tests
  move_mount: allow MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH on the rootfs
  move_mount: transfer MNT_LOCKED

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260224-work-mount-beneath-rootfs-v1-0-8c58bf08488f@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:34:59 +01:00
Christian Brauner
bb5c17bc86
selftests/filesystems: add MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH rootfs tests
Add tests for mounting beneath the rootfs using MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH:

- beneath_rootfs_success: mount beneath /, fchdir, chroot, umount2
  MNT_DETACH -- verify root changed
- beneath_rootfs_old_root_stacked: after mount-beneath, verify old root
  parent is clone via statmount
- beneath_rootfs_in_chroot_fail: chroot into subdir of same mount,
  mount-beneath fails (dentry != mnt_root)
- beneath_rootfs_in_chroot_success: chroot into separate tmpfs mount,
  mount-beneath succeeds
- beneath_rootfs_locked_transfer: in user+mount ns: mount-beneath
  rootfs succeeds, MNT_LOCKED transfers, old root unmountable
- beneath_rootfs_locked_containment: in user+mount ns: after full
  root-switch workflow, new root is MNT_LOCKED (containment preserved)
- beneath_non_rootfs_locked_transfer: mounts created before
  unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS) become locked; mount-beneath
  transfers MNT_LOCKED, displaced mount can be unmounted
- beneath_non_rootfs_locked_containment: same setup, verify new mount
  is MNT_LOCKED (containment preserved)

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260224-work-mount-beneath-rootfs-v1-3-8c58bf08488f@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:34:59 +01:00
Christian Brauner
ccfac16e0b
move_mount: allow MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH on the rootfs
Allow MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH to target the caller's rootfs. When the target
of a mount-beneath operation is the caller's root mount, verify that:

(1) The caller is located at the root of the mount, as enforced by
    path_mounted() in do_lock_mount().
(2) Propagation from the parent mount would not overmount the target,
    to avoid propagating beneath the rootfs of other mount namespaces.

The root-switching is decomposed into individually atomic, locally-scoped
steps: mount-beneath inserts the new root under the old one, chroot(".")
switches the caller's root, and umount2(".", MNT_DETACH) removes the old
root. Since each step only modifies the caller's own state, this avoids
cross-namespace vulnerabilities and inherent fork/unshare/setns races
that a chroot_fs_refs()-based approach would have.

Userspace can use the following workflow to switch roots:

    fd_tree = open_tree(-EBADF, "/newroot",
                        OPEN_TREE_CLONE | OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC);
    fchdir(fd_tree);
    move_mount(fd_tree, "", AT_FDCWD, "/",
               MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH | MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH);
    chroot(".");
    umount2(".", MNT_DETACH);

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260224-work-mount-beneath-rootfs-v1-2-8c58bf08488f@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:34:59 +01:00
Christian Brauner
c62a476693
move_mount: transfer MNT_LOCKED
When performing a mount-beneath operation the target mount can often be
locked:

  unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS);
  mount --beneath -t tmpfs tmpfs /proc

will fail because the procfs mount on /proc became locked when the mount
namespace was created from the parent mount namespace. Same logic for:

  unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNS);
  mount --beneath -t tmpfs tmpfs /

MNT_LOCKED is raised to prevent an unprivileged mount namespace from
revealing whatever is under a given mount. To replace the rootfs we need
to handle that case though.

We can simply transfer the locked mount property from the top mount to
the mount beneath. The new mount we mounted beneath the top mount takes
over the job of the top mount in protecting the parent mount from being
revealed. This leaves us free to allow the top mount to be unmounted.

This also works during mount propagation and also works for the
non-MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH case:

(1) move_mount(MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH): @source_mnt->overmount always NULL
(2) move_mount():                   @source_mnt->overmount maybe !NULL

For (1) can_move_mount_beneath() rejects overmounted @source_mnt (We
could allow this but whatever it's not really a use-case and it's fugly
to move an overmounted mount stack around. What are you even doing? So
let's keep that restriction.

For (2) we can have @source_mnt overmounted (Someone overmounted us
while we locked the target mount.). Both are fine. @source_mnt will be
mounted on whatever @q was mounted on and @q will be mounted on the top
of the @source_mnt mount stack. Even in such cases we can unlock @q and
lock @source_mnt if @q was locked.

This effectively makes mount propagation useful in cases where a mount
namespace has a locked mount somewhere and we propagate a new mount
beneath it but the mount namespace could never get at it because the old
top mount remains locked. Again, we just let the newly propagated mount
take over the protection and unlock the top mount.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260224-work-mount-beneath-rootfs-v1-1-8c58bf08488f@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:34:58 +01:00
Christian Brauner
4e9f7592b6
Merge patch series "namespace: allow creating empty mount namespaces"
Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> says:

Currently, creating a new mount namespace always copies the entire mount
tree from the caller's namespace.  For containers and sandboxes that
intend to build their mount table from scratch this is wasteful: they
inherit a potentially large mount tree only to immediately tear it down.

This series adds support for creating a mount namespace that contains
only a clone of the root mount, with none of the child mounts.  Two new
flags are introduced:

- CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS (0x400000000) for clone3(), using the 64-bit flag
  space.
- UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS (0x00100000) for unshare(), reusing the
  CLONE_PARENT_SETTID bit which has no meaning for unshare.

Both flags imply CLONE_NEWNS.  The resulting namespace contains a single
nullfs root mount with an immutable empty directory.  The intended
workflow is to then mount a real filesystem (e.g., tmpfs) over the root
and build the mount table from there.

* patches from https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-work-empty-mntns-consolidated-v1-0-6eb30529bbb0@kernel.org:
  selftests/filesystems: add clone3 tests for empty mount namespaces
  selftests/filesystems: add tests for empty mount namespaces
  namespace: allow creating empty mount namespaces

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-work-empty-mntns-consolidated-v1-0-6eb30529bbb0@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:55 +01:00
Christian Brauner
5b8ffd63fb
selftests/filesystems: add clone3 tests for empty mount namespaces
Add a test suite for the CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS flag exercising the empty
mount namespace functionality through the clone3() syscall.

The clone3() code path is distinct from the unshare() path already
tested in empty_mntns_test.c.  With clone3(), CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS
(0x400000000ULL) is a 64-bit flag that implies CLONE_NEWNS.  The
implication happens in kernel_clone() before copy_process(), unlike
unshare() where it goes through UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS to
CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS conversion in unshare_nsproxy_namespaces().

The tests cover:

- basic functionality: clone3 child gets empty mount namespace with
  exactly one mount, root and cwd point to the same mount
- CLONE_NEWNS implication: CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS works without explicit
  CLONE_NEWNS, also works with redundant CLONE_NEWNS
- flag interactions: combines correctly with CLONE_NEWUSER,
  CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_PIDFD
- mutual exclusion: CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS | CLONE_FS returns EINVAL
  because the implied CLONE_NEWNS conflicts with CLONE_FS
- error paths: EPERM without capabilities, unknown 64-bit flags
  rejected
- parent isolation: parent mount namespace is unchanged after clone
- many parent mounts: child still gets exactly one mount
- mount properties: root mount is nullfs, is its own parent, is the
  only listmount entry
- overmount workflow: child can mount tmpfs over nullfs root to build
  a writable filesystem from scratch
- repeated clone3: each child gets a distinct mount namespace
- setns: parent can join child's empty mount namespace via setns()
- regression: plain CLONE_NEWNS via clone3 still copies the full
  mount tree

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-work-empty-mntns-consolidated-v1-3-6eb30529bbb0@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:55 +01:00
Christian Brauner
32f54f2bbc
selftests/filesystems: add tests for empty mount namespaces
Add a test suite for the UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS and CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS
flags exercising the empty mount namespace functionality through the
kselftest harness.

The tests cover:

- basic functionality: unshare succeeds, exactly one mount exists in
  the new namespace, root and cwd point to the same mount
- flag interactions: UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS works standalone without
  explicit CLONE_NEWNS, combines correctly with CLONE_NEWUSER and
  other namespace flags (CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC)
- edge cases: EPERM without capabilities, works from a user namespace,
  many source mounts still result in one mount, cwd on a different
  mount gets reset to root
- error paths: invalid flags return EINVAL
- regression: plain CLONE_NEWNS still copies the full mount tree,
  other namespace unshares are unaffected
- mount properties: the root mount has the expected statmount
  properties, is its own parent, and is the only entry returned by
  listmount
- repeated unshare: consecutive UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS calls each
  produce a new namespace with a distinct mount ID
- overmount workflow: verifies the intended usage pattern of creating
  an empty mount namespace with a nullfs root and then mounting tmpfs
  over it to build a writable filesystem from scratch

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-work-empty-mntns-consolidated-v1-2-6eb30529bbb0@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:55 +01:00
Christian Brauner
9d4e752a24
namespace: allow creating empty mount namespaces
Add support for creating a mount namespace that contains only a copy of
the root mount from the caller's mount namespace, with none of the
child mounts.  This is useful for containers and sandboxes that want to
start with a minimal mount table and populate it from scratch rather
than inheriting and then tearing down the full mount tree.

Two new flags are introduced:

- CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS for clone3(), using the 64-bit flag space.

- UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS for unshare(), reusing the
  CLONE_PARENT_SETTID bit which has no meaning for unshare.

Both flags imply CLONE_NEWNS.  For the unshare path,
UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS is converted to CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS in
unshare_nsproxy_namespaces() before it reaches copy_mnt_ns(), so the
mount namespace code only needs to handle a single flag.

In copy_mnt_ns(), when CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS is set, clone_mnt() is used
instead of copy_tree() to clone only the root mount.  The caller's root
and working directory are both reset to the root dentry of the new
mount.

The cleanup variables are changed from vfsmount pointers with
__free(mntput) to struct path with __free(path_put) because the empty
mount namespace path needs to release both mount and dentry references
when replacing the caller's root and pwd.  In the normal (non-empty)
path only the mount component is set, and dput(NULL) is a no-op so
path_put remains correct there as well.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-work-empty-mntns-consolidated-v1-1-6eb30529bbb0@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:55 +01:00
Christian Brauner
0209e31659
Merge patch series "fsmount: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE"
Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> says:

Add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE flag to fsmount() that creates a new mount
namespace with the newly created filesystem attached to a copy of the
real rootfs. This returns a namespace file descriptor instead of an
O_PATH mount fd, similar to how OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE works for
open_tree().

This allows creating a new filesystem and immediately placing it in a
new mount namespace in a single operation, which is useful for container
runtimes and other namespace-based isolation mechanisms.

This accompanies OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE and avoids a needless detour via
OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE to get the same effect. Will be especially useful
when you mount an actual filesystem to be used as the container rootfs.

* patches from https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-0-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org:
  selftests/open_tree_ns: fix compilation
  selftests: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE tests
  selftests/statmount: add statmount_alloc() helper
  tools: update mount.h header
  mount: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE
  mount: simplify __do_loopback()
  mount: start iterating from start of rbtree

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-0-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:54 +01:00
Christian Brauner
3ac7ea91f3
selftests: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE tests
Add selftests for FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE which creates a new mount namespace
with the newly created filesystem mounted onto a copy of the real
rootfs.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-6-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:54 +01:00
Christian Brauner
be1ca3ee8f
selftests/statmount: add statmount_alloc() helper
Add a helper to allocate a statmount buffer and call statmount(). This
helper will be shared by multiple test suites that need to query mount
information via statmount().

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-5-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:54 +01:00
Christian Brauner
fc1a05de00
tools: update mount.h header
Update the mount.h header so we can rely on it in the selftests.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-4-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:54 +01:00
Christian Brauner
5e8969bd19
mount: add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE
Add FSMOUNT_NAMESPACE flag to fsmount() that creates a new mount
namespace with the newly created filesystem attached to a copy of the
real rootfs. This returns a namespace file descriptor instead of an
O_PATH mount fd, similar to how OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE works for open_tree().

This allows creating a new filesystem and immediately placing it in a
new mount namespace in a single operation, which is useful for container
runtimes and other namespace-based isolation mechanisms.

The rootfs mount is created before copying the real rootfs for the new
namespace meaning that the mount namespace id for the mount of the root
of the namespace is bigger than the child mounted on top of it. We've
never explicitly given the guarantee for such ordering and I doubt
anyone relies on it. Accepting that lets us avoid copying the mount
again and also avoids having to massage may_copy_tree() to grant an
exception for fsmount->mnt->mnt_ns being NULL.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-3-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:54 +01:00
Christian Brauner
ad4a3599e5
mount: simplify __do_loopback()
Remove the OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE flag checking from __do_loopback() and
instead have callers pass CL_COPY_MNT_NS_FILE directly in copy_flags.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-2-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:53 +01:00
Christian Brauner
0c0b046392
mount: start iterating from start of rbtree
If the root of the namespace has an id that's greater than the child
we'd not find it. Handle that case.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122-work-fsmount-namespace-v1-1-5ef0a886e646@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-03-12 13:33:50 +01:00
Linus Torvalds
1f318b96cc Linux 7.0-rc3 v7.0-rc3 2026-03-08 16:56:54 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
fc9f248d8c EFI fixes for v7.0 #2
Fix for the x86 EFI workaround keeping boot services code and data
 regions reserved until after SetVirtualAddressMap() completes: deferred
 struct page initialization may result in some of this memory to be lost
 permanently.
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Merge tag 'efi-fixes-for-v7.0-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi

Pull EFI fix from Ard Biesheuvel:
 "Fix for the x86 EFI workaround keeping boot services code and data
  regions reserved until after SetVirtualAddressMap() completes:
  deferred struct page initialization may result in some of this memory
  being lost permanently"

* tag 'efi-fixes-for-v7.0-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi:
  x86/efi: defer freeing of boot services memory
2026-03-08 12:13:09 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
014441d1e4 i2c-for-7.0-rc3
A revert for the i801 driver restoring old locking behaviour.
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Merge tag 'i2c-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux

Pull i2c fix from Wolfram Sang:
 "A revert for the i801 driver restoring old locking behaviour"

* tag 'i2c-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux:
  i2c: i801: Revert "i2c: i801: replace acpi_lock with I2C bus lock"
2026-03-08 10:17:05 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
c23719abc3 Miscellaneous x86 fixes:
- Fix SEV guest boot failures in certain circumstances, due
    to very early code relying on a BSS-zeroed variable that
    isn't actually zeroed yet an may contain non-zero bootup
    values. Move the variable into the .data section go gain
    even earlier zeroing.
 
  - Expose & allow the IBPB-on-Entry feature on SNP guests,
    which was not properly exposed to guests due to initial
    implementational caution.
 
  - Fix O= build failure when CONFIG_EFI_SBAT_FILE is using
    relative file paths.
 
  - 4 commits to fix the various SNC (Sub-NUMA Clustering)
    topology enumeration bugs/artifacts (sched-domain build
    errors mostly). SNC enumeration data got more complicated
    with Granite Rapids X (GNR) and Clearwater Forest X (CWF),
    which exposed these bugs and made their effects more
    serious.
 
  - Also use the now sane(r) SNC code to fix resctrl SNC
    detection bugs.
 
  - Work around a historic libgcc unwinder bug in the vdso32
    sigreturn code (again), which regressed during an overly
    aggressive recent cleanup of DWARF annotations.
 
 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'x86-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull x86 fixes from Ingo Molnar:

 - Fix SEV guest boot failures in certain circumstances, due to
   very early code relying on a BSS-zeroed variable that isn't
   actually zeroed yet an may contain non-zero bootup values

   Move the variable into the .data section go gain even earlier
   zeroing

 - Expose & allow the IBPB-on-Entry feature on SNP guests, which
   was not properly exposed to guests due to initial implementational
   caution

 - Fix O= build failure when CONFIG_EFI_SBAT_FILE is using relative
   file paths

 - Fix the various SNC (Sub-NUMA Clustering) topology enumeration
   bugs/artifacts (sched-domain build errors mostly).

   SNC enumeration data got more complicated with Granite Rapids X
   (GNR) and Clearwater Forest X (CWF), which exposed these bugs
   and made their effects more serious

 - Also use the now sane(r) SNC code to fix resctrl SNC detection bugs

 - Work around a historic libgcc unwinder bug in the vdso32 sigreturn
   code (again), which regressed during an overly aggressive recent
   cleanup of DWARF annotations

* tag 'x86-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/entry/vdso32: Work around libgcc unwinder bug
  x86/resctrl: Fix SNC detection
  x86/topo: Fix SNC topology mess
  x86/topo: Replace x86_has_numa_in_package
  x86/topo: Add topology_num_nodes_per_package()
  x86/numa: Store extra copy of numa_nodes_parsed
  x86/boot: Handle relative CONFIG_EFI_SBAT_FILE file paths
  x86/sev: Allow IBPB-on-Entry feature for SNP guests
  x86/boot/sev: Move SEV decompressor variables into the .data section
2026-03-07 17:12:06 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
6ff1020c2f Make clock_adjtime() syscall timex validation slightly more
permissive for auxiliary clocks, to not reject syscalls
 based on the status field that do not try to modify the
 status field. This makes ABI behavior in clock_adjtime()
 consistent with CLOCK_REALTIME.
 
 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'timers-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull timer fix from Ingo Molnar:
 "Make clock_adjtime() syscall timex validation slightly more permissive
  for auxiliary clocks, to not reject syscalls based on the status field
  that do not try to modify the status field.

  This makes the ABI behavior in clock_adjtime() consistent with
  CLOCK_REALTIME"

* tag 'timers-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  timekeeping: Fix timex status validation for auxiliary clocks
2026-03-07 17:09:15 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
b1b9a9d0b5 Fix a DL scheduler bug that may corrupt internal metrics during
PI and setscheduler() syscalls, resulting in kernel warnings
 and misbehavior. Found during stress-testing.
 
 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull scheduler fix from Ingo Molnar:
 "Fix a DL scheduler bug that may corrupt internal metrics during PI and
  setscheduler() syscalls, resulting in kernel warnings and misbehavior.

  Found during stress-testing"

* tag 'sched-urgent-2026-03-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/deadline: Fix missing ENQUEUE_REPLENISH during PI de-boosting
2026-03-07 17:07:13 -08:00
Eric Dumazet
1954c4f012 eventpoll: Convert epoll_put_uevent() to scoped user access
Saves two function calls, and one stac/clac pair.

stac/clac is rather expensive on older cpus like Zen 2.

A synthetic network stress test gives a ~1.5% increase of pps
on AMD Zen 2.

Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kuniyuki Iwashima <kuniyu@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2026-03-07 15:03:14 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
3b5d535c63 SCSI fixes on 20260307
Two core changes and the rest in drivers, one core change to quirk the
 behaviour of the Iomega Zip drive and one to fix a hang caused by tag
 reallocation problems, which has mostly been seen by the iscsi client.
 Note the latter fixes the problem but still has a slight sysfs memory
 leak, so will be amended in the next pull request (once we've run the
 fix for the fix through our testing).
 
 Signed-off-by: James E.J. Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
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Merge tag 'scsi-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi

Pull SCSI fixes from James Bottomley:
 "Two core changes and the rest in drivers, one core change to quirk the
  behaviour of the Iomega Zip drive and one to fix a hang caused by tag
  reallocation problems, which has mostly been seen by the iscsi client.

  Note the latter fixes the problem but still has a slight sysfs memory
  leak, so will be amended in the next pull request (once we've run the
  fix for the fix through our testing)"

* tag 'scsi-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi:
  scsi: target: Fix recursive locking in __configfs_open_file()
  scsi: devinfo: Add BLIST_SKIP_IO_HINTS for Iomega ZIP
  scsi: mpi3mr: Clear reset history on ready and recheck state after timeout
  scsi: core: Fix refcount leak for tagset_refcnt
2026-03-07 14:04:50 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
fb07430e6f fbdev fixes for kernel v7.0-rc3:
Silence build error in au1100fb driver found by kernel test robot
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Merge tag 'fbdev-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/linux-fbdev

Pull fbdev fix from Helge Deller:
 "Silence build error in au1100fb driver found by kernel test robot"

* tag 'fbdev-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/linux-fbdev:
  fbdev: au1100fb: Fix build on MIPS64
2026-03-07 13:21:43 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
6deccafcb4 parisc architecture fixes for kernel v7.0-rc3:
Three initial kernel mapping fixes
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Merge tag 'parisc-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux

Pull parisc fixes from Helge Deller:
 "While testing Sasha Levin's 'kallsyms: embed source file:line info in
  kernel stack traces' patch series, which increases the typical kernel
  image size, I found some issues with the parisc initial kernel mapping
  which may prevent the kernel to boot.

  The three small patches here fix this"

* tag 'parisc-for-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
  parisc: Fix initial page table creation for boot
  parisc: Check kernel mapping earlier at bootup
  parisc: Increase initial mapping to 64 MB with KALLSYMS
2026-03-07 12:38:16 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
8b7f4cd3ac bpf-fixes
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Merge tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf

Pull bpf fixes from Alexei Starovoitov:

 - Fix u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary (Eduard
   Zingerman)

 - Fix precision backtracking with linked registers (Eduard Zingerman)

 - Fix linker flags detection for resolve_btfids (Ihor Solodrai)

 - Fix race in update_ftrace_direct_add/del (Jiri Olsa)

 - Fix UAF in bpf_trampoline_link_cgroup_shim (Lang Xu)

* tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf:
  resolve_btfids: Fix linker flags detection
  selftests/bpf: add reproducer for spurious precision propagation through calls
  bpf: collect only live registers in linked regs
  Revert "selftests/bpf: Update reg_bound range refinement logic"
  selftests/bpf: test refining u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary
  bpf: Fix u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary
  bpf: Fix a UAF issue in bpf_trampoline_link_cgroup_shim
  ftrace: Add missing ftrace_lock to update_ftrace_direct_add/del
2026-03-07 12:20:37 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
03dcad79ee RCU fixes for v7.0
Fix a regression in RCU torture test pre-defined scenarios caused by
 commit 7dadeaa6e8 ("sched: Further restrict the preemption modes")
 which limits PREEMPT_NONE to architectures that do not support
 preemption at all and PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY to those architectures that do
 not yet have PREEMPT_LAZY support. Since major architectures (e.g. x86
 and arm64) no longer support CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE and
 CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY, using them in rcutorture, rcuscale, refscale,
 and scftorture pre-defined scenarios causes config checking errors.
 Hence switch these kconfigs to PREEMPT_LAZY.
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Merge tag 'rcu-fixes.v7.0-20260307a' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rcu/linux

Pull RCU selftest fixes from Boqun Feng:
 "Fix a regression in RCU torture test pre-defined scenarios caused by
  commit 7dadeaa6e8 ("sched: Further restrict the preemption modes")
  which limits PREEMPT_NONE to architectures that do not support
  preemption at all and PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY to those architectures that do
  not yet have PREEMPT_LAZY support.

  Since major architectures (e.g. x86 and arm64) no longer support
  CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE and CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY, using them in
  rcutorture, rcuscale, refscale, and scftorture pre-defined scenarios
  causes config checking errors.

  Switch these kconfigs to PREEMPT_LAZY"

* tag 'rcu-fixes.v7.0-20260307a' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rcu/linux:
  scftorture: Update due to x86 not supporting none/voluntary preemption
  refscale: Update due to x86 not supporting none/voluntary preemption
  rcuscale: Update due to x86 not supporting none/voluntary preemption
  rcutorture: Update due to x86 not supporting none/voluntary preemption
2026-03-07 11:56:55 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
aed0af05a8 tracing fixes for 7.0:
- Fix possible NULL pointer dereference in trace_data_alloc()
 
   On the error path in trace_data_alloc(), it can call trigger_data_free()
   with a NULL pointer. This use to be a kfree() but was changed to
   trigger_data_free() to clean up any partial initialization. The issue is
   that trigger_data_free() does not expect a NULL pointer. Have
   trigger_data_free() return safely on NULL pointer.
 
 - Fix multiple events on the command line and bootconfig
 
   If multiple events are enabled on the command line separately and not
   grouped, only the last event gets enabled. That is:
 
     trace_event=sched_switch trace_event=sched_waking
 
   Will only enable sched_waking where as:
 
     trace_event=sched_switch,sched_waking
 
   Will enable both.
 
   The bootconfig makes it even worse as the second way is the more common
   method.
 
   The issue is that a temporary buffer is used to store the events to enable
   later in boot. Each time the cmdline callback is called, it overwrites
   what was previously there.
 
   Have the callback append the next value (delimited by a comma) if the
   temporary buffer already has content.
 
 - Fix command line trace_buffer_size if >= 2G
 
   The logic to allocate the trace buffer uses "int" for the size parameter
   in the command line code causing overflow issues if more that 2G is
   specified.
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Merge tag 'trace-v7.0-rc2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace

Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt:

 - Fix possible NULL pointer dereference in trace_data_alloc()

   On the trace_data_alloc() error path, it can call trigger_data_free()
   with a NULL pointer. This used to be a kfree() but was changed to
   trigger_data_free() to clean up any partial initialization. The issue
   is that trigger_data_free() does not expect a NULL pointer. Have
   trigger_data_free() return safely on NULL pointer.

 - Fix multiple events on the command line and bootconfig

   If multiple events are enabled on the command line separately and not
   grouped, only the last event gets enabled. That is:

      trace_event=sched_switch trace_event=sched_waking

   will only enable sched_waking whereas:

      trace_event=sched_switch,sched_waking

   will enable both.

   The bootconfig makes it even worse as the second way is the more
   common method.

   The issue is that a temporary buffer is used to store the events to
   enable later in boot. Each time the cmdline callback is called, it
   overwrites what was previously there.

   Have the callback append the next value (delimited by a comma) if the
   temporary buffer already has content.

 - Fix command line trace_buffer_size if >= 2G

   The logic to allocate the trace buffer uses "int" for the size
   parameter in the command line code causing overflow issues if more
   that 2G is specified.

* tag 'trace-v7.0-rc2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace:
  tracing: Fix trace_buf_size= cmdline parameter with sizes >= 2G
  tracing: Fix enabling multiple events on the kernel command line and bootconfig
  tracing: Add NULL pointer check to trigger_data_free()
2026-03-07 09:50:54 -08:00
Ihor Solodrai
b0dcdcb9ae resolve_btfids: Fix linker flags detection
The "|| echo -lzstd" default makes zstd an unconditional link
dependency of resolve_btfids. On systems where libzstd-dev is not
installed and pkg-config fails, the linker fails:

  ld: cannot find -lzstd: No such file or directory

libzstd is a transitive dependency of libelf, so the -lzstd flag is
strictly necessary only for static builds [1].

Remove ZSTD_LIBS variable, and instead set LIBELF_LIBS depending on
whether the build is static or not. Use $(HOSTPKG_CONFIG) as primary
source of the flags list.

Also add a default value for HOSTPKG_CONFIG in case it's not built via
the toplevel Makefile. Pass it from selftests/bpf too.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/4ff82800-2daa-4b9f-95a9-6f512859ee70@linux.dev/

Reported-by: BPF CI Bot (Claude Opus 4.6) <bot+bpf-ci@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Vitaly Chikunov <vt@altlinux.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/aaWqMcK-2AQw5dx8@altlinux.org/
Fixes: 4021848a90 ("selftests/bpf: Pass through build flags to bpftool and resolve_btfids")
Signed-off-by: Ihor Solodrai <ihor.solodrai@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260305014730.3123382-1-ihor.solodrai@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-07 08:51:51 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
7b6e48df88 hwmon fixes for v7.0-rc3
- aht10: Fix initialization commands for AHT20
 
 - emc1403: correct a malformed email address
 
 - it87: Check the it87_lock() return value
 
 - max6639: fix inverted polarity
 
 - macsmc: Fix overflows, underflows, sign extension, and other problems
 
 - pmbus/q54sj108a2: fix stack overflow in debugfs read
 
 - Drop support for SMARC-sAM67 (discontinued and never released to market)
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Merge tag 'hwmon-for-v7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/groeck/linux-staging

Pull hwmon fixes from Guenter Roeck:

 - Fix initialization commands for AHT20

 - Correct a malformed email address (emc1403)

 - Check the it87_lock() return value

 - Fix inverted polarity (max6639)

 - Fix overflows, underflows, sign extension, and other problems in
   macsmc

 - Fix stack overflow in debugfs read (pmbus/q54sj108a2)

 - Drop support for SMARC-sAM67 (discontinued and never released to
   market)

* tag 'hwmon-for-v7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/groeck/linux-staging:
  hwmon: (pmbus/q54sj108a2) fix stack overflow in debugfs read
  hwmon: (max6639) fix inverted polarity
  dt-bindings: hwmon: sl28cpld: Drop sa67mcu compatible
  hwmon: (it87) Check the it87_lock() return value
  Revert "hwmon: add SMARC-sAM67 support"
  hwmon: (aht10) Fix initialization commands for AHT20
  hwmon: (emc1403) correct a malformed email address
  hwmon: (macsmc) Fix overflows, underflows, and sign extension
  hwmon: (macsmc) Fix regressions in Apple Silicon SMC hwmon driver
2026-03-07 08:39:59 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
e33aafac04 Driver core fixes for 7.0-rc3
- Revert "driver core: enforce device_lock for driver_match_device()":
 
   When a device is already present in the system and a driver is
   registered on the same bus, we iterate over all devices registered on
   this bus to see if one of them matches. If we come across an already
   bound one where the corresponding driver crashed while holding the
   device lock (e.g. in probe()) we can't make any progress anymore.
 
   Thus, revert and clarify that an implementer of struct bus_type must
   not expect match() to be called with the device lock held.
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Merge tag 'driver-core-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core

Pull driver core fix from Danilo Krummrich:

 - Revert "driver core: enforce device_lock for driver_match_device()":

   When a device is already present in the system and a driver is
   registered on the same bus, we iterate over all devices registered on
   this bus to see if one of them matches. If we come across an already
   bound one where the corresponding driver crashed while holding the
   device lock (e.g. in probe()) we can't make any progress anymore.

   Thus, revert and clarify that an implementer of struct bus_type must
   not expect match() to be called with the device lock held.

* tag 'driver-core-7.0-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core:
  Revert "driver core: enforce device_lock for driver_match_device()"
2026-03-07 08:16:48 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
0f912c8917 xen: branch for v7.0-rc3
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Merge tag 'for-linus-7.0-rc3-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip

Pull xen fixes from Juergen Gross:

 - a cleanup of arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S removing the pre-built page
   tables for Xen guests

 - a small comment update

 - another cleanup for Xen PVH guests mode

 - fix an issue with Xen PV-devices backed by driver domains

* tag 'for-linus-7.0-rc3-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
  xen/xenbus: better handle backend crash
  xenbus: add xenbus_device parameter to xenbus_read_driver_state()
  x86/PVH: Use boot params to pass RSDP address in start_info page
  x86/xen: update outdated comment
  xen/acpi-processor: fix _CST detection using undersized evaluation buffer
  x86/xen: Build identity mapping page tables dynamically for XENPV
2026-03-07 07:44:32 -08:00
Alexei Starovoitov
325d1ba3ca Merge branch 'bpf-fix-precision-backtracking-bug-with-linked-registers'
Eduard Zingerman says:

====================
bpf: Fix precision backtracking bug with linked registers

Emil Tsalapatis reported a verifier bug hit by the scx_lavd sched_ext
scheduler. The essential part of the verifier log looks as follows:

  436: ...
  // checkpoint hit for 438: (1d) if r7 == r8 goto ...
  frame 3: propagating r2,r7,r8
  frame 2: propagating r6
  mark_precise: frame3: last_idx ...
  mark_precise: frame3: regs=r2,r7,r8 stack= before 436: ...
  mark_precise: frame3: regs=r2,r7 stack= before 435: ...
  mark_precise: frame3: regs=r2,r7 stack= before 434: (85) call bpf_trace_vprintk#177
  verifier bug: backtracking call unexpected regs 84

The log complains that registers r2 and r7 are tracked as precise
while processing the bpf_trace_vprintk() call in precision backtracking.
This can't be right, as r2 is reset by the call and there is nothing
to backtrack it to. The precision propagation is triggered when
a checkpoint is hit at instruction 438, r2 is dead at that instruction.

This happens because of the following sequence of events:
- Instruction 438 is first reached with registers r2 and r7 having
  the same id via a path that does not call bpf_trace_vprintk():
  - Checkpoint is created at 438.
  - The jump at 438 is predicted, hence r7 and registers linked to it
    (r2) are propagated as precise, marking r2 and r7 precise in the
    checkpoint.
- Instruction 438 is reached a second time with r2 undefined and via
  a path that calls bpf_trace_vprintk():
  - Checkpoint is hit.
  - propagate_precision() picks registers r2 and r7 and propagates
    precision marks for those up to the helper call.

The root cause is the fact that states_equal() and
propagate_precision() assume that the precision flag can't be set for a
dead register (as computed by compute_live_registers()).
However, this is not the case when linked registers are at play.
Fix this by accounting for live register flags in
collect_linked_regs().
---
====================

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-linked-regs-and-propagate-precision-v1-0-18e859be570d@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 21:50:05 -08:00
Eduard Zingerman
223ffb6a3d selftests/bpf: add reproducer for spurious precision propagation through calls
Add a test for the scenario described in the previous commit:
an iterator loop with two paths where one ties r2/r7 via
shared scalar id and skips a call, while the other goes
through the call. Precision marks from the linked registers
get spuriously propagated to the call path via
propagate_precision(), hitting "backtracking call unexpected
regs" in backtrack_insn().

Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306-linked-regs-and-propagate-precision-v1-2-18e859be570d@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 21:50:05 -08:00
Eduard Zingerman
2658a1720a bpf: collect only live registers in linked regs
Fix an inconsistency between func_states_equal() and
collect_linked_regs():
- regsafe() uses check_ids() to verify that cached and current states
  have identical register id mapping.
- func_states_equal() calls regsafe() only for registers computed as
  live by compute_live_registers().
- clean_live_states() is supposed to remove dead registers from cached
  states, but it can skip states belonging to an iterator-based loop.
- collect_linked_regs() collects all registers sharing the same id,
  ignoring the marks computed by compute_live_registers().
  Linked registers are stored in the state's jump history.
- backtrack_insn() marks all linked registers for an instruction
  as precise whenever one of the linked registers is precise.

The above might lead to a scenario:
- There is an instruction I with register rY known to be dead at I.
- Instruction I is reached via two paths: first A, then B.
- On path A:
  - There is an id link between registers rX and rY.
  - Checkpoint C is created at I.
  - Linked register set {rX, rY} is saved to the jump history.
  - rX is marked as precise at I, causing both rX and rY
    to be marked precise at C.
- On path B:
  - There is no id link between registers rX and rY,
    otherwise register states are sub-states of those in C.
  - Because rY is dead at I, check_ids() returns true.
  - Current state is considered equal to checkpoint C,
    propagate_precision() propagates spurious precision
    mark for register rY along the path B.
  - Depending on a program, this might hit verifier_bug()
    in the backtrack_insn(), e.g. if rY ∈  [r1..r5]
    and backtrack_insn() spots a function call.

The reproducer program is in the next patch.
This was hit by sched_ext scx_lavd scheduler code.

Changes in tests:
- verifier_scalar_ids.c selftests need modification to preserve
  some registers as live for __msg() checks.
- exceptions_assert.c adjusted to match changes in the verifier log,
  R0 is dead after conditional instruction and thus does not get
  range.
- precise.c adjusted to match changes in the verifier log, register r9
  is dead after comparison and it's range is not important for test.

Reported-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com>
Fixes: 0fb3cf6110 ("bpf: use register liveness information for func_states_equal")
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306-linked-regs-and-propagate-precision-v1-1-18e859be570d@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 21:49:40 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
4ae12d8bd9 Second round of Kbuild fixes for 7.0
- Split out .modinfo section from ELF_DETAILS macro, as that macro may
   be used in other areas that expect to discard .modinfo, breaking
   certain image layouts
 
 - Adjust genksyms parser to handle optional attributes in certain
   declarations, necessary after commit 07919126ec ("netfilter:
   annotate NAT helper hook pointers with __rcu")
 
 - Include resolve_btfids in external module build created by
   scripts/package/install-extmod-build when it may be run on
   external modules
 
 - Avoid removing objtool binary with 'make clean', as it is required for
   external module builds
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Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-7.0-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux

Pull Kbuild fixes from Nathan Chancellor:

 - Split out .modinfo section from ELF_DETAILS macro, as that macro may
   be used in other areas that expect to discard .modinfo, breaking
   certain image layouts

 - Adjust genksyms parser to handle optional attributes in certain
   declarations, necessary after commit 07919126ec ("netfilter:
   annotate NAT helper hook pointers with __rcu")

 - Include resolve_btfids in external module build created by
   scripts/package/install-extmod-build when it may be run on external
   modules

 - Avoid removing objtool binary with 'make clean', as it is required
   for external module builds

* tag 'kbuild-fixes-7.0-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux:
  kbuild: Leave objtool binary around with 'make clean'
  kbuild: install-extmod-build: Package resolve_btfids if necessary
  genksyms: Fix parsing a declarator with a preceding attribute
  kbuild: Split .modinfo out from ELF_DETAILS
2026-03-06 20:27:13 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
591d8796b2 s390 updates for 7.0-rc3
- Fix stackleak and xor lib inline asm, constraints and clobbers to
   prevent miscompilations and incomplete stack poisoning
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Merge tag 's390-7.0-4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux

Pull s390 fixes from Vasily Gorbik:

 - Fix stackleak and xor lib inline asm, constraints and clobbers to
   prevent miscompilations and incomplete stack poisoning

* tag 's390-7.0-4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux:
  s390/stackleak: Fix __stackleak_poison() inline assembly constraint
  s390/xor: Improve inline assembly constraints
  s390/xor: Fix xor_xc_2() inline assembly constraints
  s390/xor: Fix xor_xc_5() inline assembly
2026-03-06 20:20:17 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
4660e168c6 arm64 fixes for -rc3
- Fix kexec/hibernation hang due to bogus read-only mappings.
 
 - Fix sparse warnings in our cmpxchg() implementation.
 
 - Prevent runtime-const being used in modules, just like x86.
 
 - Fix broken elision of access flag modifications for contiguous entries
   on systems without support for hardware updates.
 
 - Fix a broken SVE selftest that was testing the wrong instruction.
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Merge tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux

Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
 "The main changes are a fix to the way in which we manage the access
  flag setting for mappings using the contiguous bit and a fix for a
  hang on the kexec/hibernation path.

  Summary:

   - Fix kexec/hibernation hang due to bogus read-only mappings

   - Fix sparse warnings in our cmpxchg() implementation

   - Prevent runtime-const being used in modules, just like x86

   - Fix broken elision of access flag modifications for contiguous
     entries on systems without support for hardware updates

   - Fix a broken SVE selftest that was testing the wrong instruction"

* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
  selftest/arm64: Fix sve2p1_sigill() to hwcap test
  arm64: contpte: fix set_access_flags() no-op check for SMMU/ATS faults
  arm64: make runtime const not usable by modules
  arm64: mm: Add PTE_DIRTY back to PAGE_KERNEL* to fix kexec/hibernation
  arm64: Silence sparse warnings caused by the type casting in (cmp)xchg
2026-03-06 19:57:03 -08:00
Calvin Owens
d008ba8be8 tracing: Fix trace_buf_size= cmdline parameter with sizes >= 2G
Some of the sizing logic through tracer_alloc_buffers() uses int
internally, causing unexpected behavior if the user passes a value that
does not fit in an int (on my x86 machine, the result is uselessly tiny
buffers).

Fix by plumbing the parameter's real type (unsigned long) through to the
ring buffer allocation functions, which already use unsigned long.

It has always been possible to create larger ring buffers via the sysfs
interface: this only affects the cmdline parameter.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/bff42a4288aada08bdf74da3f5b67a2c28b761f8.1772852067.git.calvin@wbinvd.org
Fixes: 73c5162aa3 ("tracing: keep ring buffer to minimum size till used")
Signed-off-by: Calvin Owens <calvin@wbinvd.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2026-03-06 22:25:53 -05:00
Alexei Starovoitov
6895e1d7c3 Merge branch 'bpf-fix-u32-s32-bounds-when-ranges-cross-min-max-boundary'
Eduard Zingerman says:

====================
bpf: Fix u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary

Cover the following cases in range refinement logic for 32-bit ranges:
- s32 range crosses U32_MAX/0 boundary, positive part of the s32 range
  overlaps with u32 range.
- s32 range crosses U32_MAX/0 boundary, negative part of the s32 range
  overlaps with u32 range.

These cases are already handled for 64-bit range refinement.

Without the fix the test in patch 2 is rejected by the verifier.
The test was reduced from sched-ext program.

Changelog:
- v2 -> v3:
  - Reverted da653de268 (Paul)
  - Removed !BPF_F_TEST_REG_INVARIANTS flag from
    crossing_32_bit_signed_boundary_2() (Paul)
- v1 -> v2:
  - Extended commit message and comments (Emil)
  - Targeting 'bpf' tree instead of bpf-next (Alexei)

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/9a23fbacdc6d33ec8fcb3f6988395b5129f75369.camel@gmail.com/T
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260305-bpf-32-bit-range-overflow-v2-0-7169206a3041@gmail.com/
---
====================

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306-bpf-32-bit-range-overflow-v3-0-f7f67e060a6b@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 18:16:17 -08:00
Eduard Zingerman
d87c9305a8 Revert "selftests/bpf: Update reg_bound range refinement logic"
This reverts commit da653de268.
Removed logic is now covered by range_refine_in_halves()
which handles both 32-bit and 64-bit refinements.

Suggested-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306-bpf-32-bit-range-overflow-v3-3-f7f67e060a6b@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 18:16:17 -08:00
Eduard Zingerman
f81fdfd167 selftests/bpf: test refining u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary
Two test cases for signed/unsigned 32-bit bounds refinement
when s32 range crosses the sign boundary:
- s32 range [S32_MIN..1] overlapping with u32 range [3..U32_MAX],
  s32 range tail before sign boundary overlaps with u32 range.
- s32 range [-3..5] overlapping with u32 range [0..S32_MIN+3],
  s32 range head after the sign boundary overlaps with u32 range.

This covers both branches added in the __reg32_deduce_bounds().

Also, crossing_32_bit_signed_boundary_2() no longer triggers invariant
violations.

Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Shung-Hsi Yu <shung-hsi.yu@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306-bpf-32-bit-range-overflow-v3-2-f7f67e060a6b@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 18:16:17 -08:00
Eduard Zingerman
fbc7aef517 bpf: Fix u32/s32 bounds when ranges cross min/max boundary
Same as in __reg64_deduce_bounds(), refine s32/u32 ranges
in __reg32_deduce_bounds() in the following situations:

- s32 range crosses U32_MAX/0 boundary, positive part of the s32 range
  overlaps with u32 range:

  0                                                   U32_MAX
  |  [xxxxxxxxxxxxxx u32 range xxxxxxxxxxxxxx]              |
  |----------------------------|----------------------------|
  |xxxxx s32 range xxxxxxxxx]                       [xxxxxxx|
  0                     S32_MAX S32_MIN                    -1

- s32 range crosses U32_MAX/0 boundary, negative part of the s32 range
  overlaps with u32 range:

  0                                                   U32_MAX
  |              [xxxxxxxxxxxxxx u32 range xxxxxxxxxxxxxx]  |
  |----------------------------|----------------------------|
  |xxxxxxxxx]                       [xxxxxxxxxxxx s32 range |
  0                     S32_MAX S32_MIN                    -1

- No refinement if ranges overlap in two intervals.

This helps for e.g. consider the following program:

   call %[bpf_get_prandom_u32];
   w0 &= 0xffffffff;
   if w0 < 0x3 goto 1f;    // on fall-through u32 range [3..U32_MAX]
   if w0 s> 0x1 goto 1f;   // on fall-through s32 range [S32_MIN..1]
   if w0 s< 0x0 goto 1f;   // range can be narrowed to  [S32_MIN..-1]
   r10 = 0;
1: ...;

The reg_bounds.c selftest is updated to incorporate identical logic,
refinement based on non-overflowing range halves:

  ((x ∩ [0, smax]) ∩ (y ∩ [0, smax])) ∪
  ((x ∩ [smin,-1]) ∩ (y ∩ [smin,-1]))

Reported-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@nvidia.com>
Reported-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/aakqucg4vcujVwif@gpd4/T/
Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com>
Acked-by: Shung-Hsi Yu <shung-hsi.yu@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306-bpf-32-bit-range-overflow-v3-1-f7f67e060a6b@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-03-06 18:16:06 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
e0c505cb76 eight client fixes
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Merge tag 'v7.0-rc2-smb3-client-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6

Pull smb client fixes from Steve French:

 - Fix potential oops on open failure

 - Fix unmount to better free deferred closes

 - Use proper constant-time MAC comparison function

 - Two buffer allocation size fixes

 - Two minor cleanups

 - make SMB2 kunit tests a distinct module

* tag 'v7.0-rc2-smb3-client-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb: client: fix oops due to uninitialised var in smb2_unlink()
  cifs: open files should not hold ref on superblock
  smb: client: Compare MACs in constant time
  smb/client: remove unused SMB311_posix_query_info()
  smb/client: fix buffer size for smb311_posix_qinfo in SMB311_posix_query_info()
  smb/client: fix buffer size for smb311_posix_qinfo in smb2_compound_op()
  smb: update some doc references
  smb/client: make SMB2 maperror KUnit tests a separate module
2026-03-06 16:07:22 -08:00
Andrei-Alexandru Tachici
3b1679e086 tracing: Fix enabling multiple events on the kernel command line and bootconfig
Multiple events can be enabled on the kernel command line via a comma
separator. But if the are specified one at a time, then only the last
event is enabled. This is because the event names are saved in a temporary
buffer, and each call by the init cmdline code will reset that buffer.

This also affects names in the boot config file, as it may call the
callback multiple times with an example of:

  kernel.trace_event = ":mod:rproc_qcom_common", ":mod:qrtr", ":mod:qcom_aoss"

Change the cmdline callback function to append a comma and the next value
if the temporary buffer already has content.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260302-trace-events-allow-multiple-modules-v1-1-ce4436e37fb8@oss.qualcomm.com
Signed-off-by: Andrei-Alexandru Tachici <andrei-alexandru.tachici@oss.qualcomm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2026-03-06 16:54:34 -05:00
Linus Torvalds
325a118c12 pci-v7.0-fixes-3
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Merge tag 'pci-v7.0-fixes-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci

Pull pci fixes from Bjorn Helgaas:

 - Initialize msi_addr_mask for OF-created PCI devices to fix sparc and
   powerpc probe regressions (Nilay Shroff)

 - Orphan the Altera PCIe controller driver (Dave Hansen)

* tag 'pci-v7.0-fixes-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci:
  MAINTAINERS: Orphan Altera PCIe controller driver
  sparc/PCI: Initialize msi_addr_mask for OF-created PCI devices
  powerpc/pci: Initialize msi_addr_mask for OF-created PCI devices
2026-03-06 13:37:52 -08:00